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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Izvestiya MGTU MAMI</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Izvestiya MGTU MAMI</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия МГТУ “МАМИ“</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2074-0530</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1428</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">633495</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2074-0530-633495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ROBOTS, MECHATRONICS AND ROBOTIC SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Роботы, мехатроника и робототехнические системы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of object detection problems in autonomous driving systems based on radar dat</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ проблем детекции объектов в системах автономного вождения на основе радарных данных</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3342-8526</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6493-7201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>Anton D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>Антон Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer of the Electronic Devices Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер Центра электронных устройств</p></bio><email>anton.kuzin@nami.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-0419</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8701-7410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Debelov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дебелов</surname><given-names>Владимир Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Software Technology Department of the Software Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>начальник отдела технологии программного обеспечения центра программного обеспечения</p></bio><email>vladimir.debelov@nami.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3547-7928</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6514-7752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Endachev</surname><given-names>Denis V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ендачёв</surname><given-names>Денис Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Executive Director for Information and Intelligent Systems</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>исполнительный директор по информационным и интеллектуальным системам</p></bio><email>denis.endachev@nami.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский политехнический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute “NAMI”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт «НАМИ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow University of Finance and Law</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский финансово-юридический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-02-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>278</fpage><lpage>288</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-05"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-17"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-05-13"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2074-0530/article/view/633495">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2074-0530/article/view/633495</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background:</bold> Modern autonomous driving systems impose high demands on the quality of object detection and classification in the surrounding environment. Radar systems, due to their resilience to adverse weather conditions and ability to measure velocity, play a crucial role among the object and obstacle detection systems used in autonomous vehicles. However, various technical issues related to noise, incorrect classification, and errors in determining object characteristics can hinder the operation of these systems.</p> <p><bold>Objective:</bold> Identification and analysis of the main problems of object detection and classification based on radar data, and assessment of their impact on the safety and performance of autonomous driving systems.</p> <p><bold>Methods:</bold><italic> </italic>In this study, experimental data collection was carried out in city traffic conditions using the ARS 408 automotive radar. Modern software tools including the Robot Operating System (ROS) were used to analyze and process the data. Detection quality evaluation metrics such as IoU, Precision, Recall and F1-score were applied in the study.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> Within the study, the methodology for radar system data analysis and identification of the main problems encountered during object detection, including the effects of noise, classification errors and object size biases, is developed. Approaches to assessment of quality of the detection algorithms are proposed and a comparative analysis of the convergence of object detection data under various conditions is carried out.</p> <p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> The results highlight the main problems of object detection by radar systems and help to assess the quality of current algorithms. The practical significance of the study lies in analyzing the weaknesses of object detection systems and providing data for algorithm improvement, which can enhance the safety of autonomous vehicles.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Современные системы автономного вождения предъявляют высокие требования к качеству детекции и классификации объектов в окружающем пространстве. Радарные системы благодаря устойчивости к неблагоприятным погодным условиям и возможности измерения скорости занимают важное место среди систем обнаружения объектов и препятствий, применяемых в автономных транспортных средствах. Однако работа таких систем может быть затруднена различными техническими проблемами, связанными с шумами, некорректной классификацией и ошибками в определении характеристик объектов.</p> <p><bold>Цель работы</bold> — выявление и анализ ключевых проблем детекции и классификации объектов на основе радарных данных, а также оценка их влияния на безопасность и эффективность работы систем автономного вождения.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В работе проведён экспериментальный сбор данных в условиях городского движения с использованием автомобильного радара ARS 408. Для анализа и обработки данных использовались современные программные средства, включая Robot Operating System (ROS). В исследовании применялись метрики оценки качества детекции, такие как IoU, Precision, Recall и F1-score.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В рамках исследования разработана методология анализа данных радарных систем, выявлены основные проблемы, возникающие при детекции объектов, включая влияние шумов, ошибки классификации и отклонения в определении размеров объектов. Предложены подходы к оценке качества алгоритмов детекции и проведён сравнительный анализ сходимости данных обнаружения объектов в различных условиях.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты позволяют выявить основные проблемы детекции объектов радарными системами и оценить качество текущих алгоритмов. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в анализе слабых мест систем обнаружения объектов и предоставлении данных для улучшения алгоритмов, что может повысить безопасность автономных транспортных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrotechnical facility</kwd><kwd>autonomous driving</kwd><kwd>object detection systems</kwd><kwd>radar data</kwd><kwd>detection instability</kwd><kwd>data processing algorithms</kwd><kwd>environment perception problems</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электротехнический комплекс</kwd><kwd>автономное вождение</kwd><kwd>системы детекции объектов</kwd><kwd>радарные данные</kwd><kwd>нестабильность детекции</kwd><kwd>алгоритмы обработки данных</kwd><kwd>проблемы восприятия окружающей среды</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bashtannik NA. 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