Metabolic syndrome. Focus on the kidneys

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Abstract

This article examines the evolution of the concept of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its close association with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). MS is a cluster of disorders including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension, which significantly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular complications, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and CKD. The incidence of MS and CKD continues to rise worldwide, resulting in high mortality, primarily from cardiovascular complications. The authors note the growing need for early detection and correction of metabolic risk factors, the need to develop methods for preclinical diagnosis of CKD in patients with MS, and a multidisciplinary approach to patient management. Key objectives include identifying early biomarkers of kidney damage and the widespread implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and renal complications in patients with MS.

About the authors

Larisa V. Mikhailova

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: mihalysa@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5070-5955

Cand.Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Therapy, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences (MEDBIO)

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

Anastasia М. Tynterova

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: antynterova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1743-4713

Dr.Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher. Baltic Center for Artificial Intelligence and Neurotechnology

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

Vladimir V. Rafalskiy

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: v.rafalskiy@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2503-9580

Dr.Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences (MEDBIO)

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

Nadezhda O. Kryukova

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: krukovano@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2379-6764

Cand.Sci.(Med.), Associate Professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences (MEDBIO)

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

Yulia A. Filimonkina

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: j.filimonkina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-1864-2448

Teaching Assistant, Department of Therapy, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences (MEDBIO)

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

Ksenia V. Vakhnina

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University

Email: kseniya20024@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-6398-9890

6-year Student student of the Higher School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences (MEDBIO)

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad

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