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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical nephrology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical nephrology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая нефрология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-3594</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9322</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">699564</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/nephrology.2025.4.20-26</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of chronic active humoral rejection of kidney transplants: a pilot study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мезенхимальные стволовые клетки в лечении хронического активного гуморального отторжения почечного трансплантата: пилотное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4560-1162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rapetskaya</surname><given-names>Nadzeya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рапецкая</surname><given-names>Надежда Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nephrologist, Department of Transplant Nephrology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-нефролог отделения трансплантационной нефрологии</p></bio><email>n.rapetskaja@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-0642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarov</surname><given-names>Kirill S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссаров</surname><given-names>Кирилл Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Nephrology, Renal Replacement Therapy and Kidney Transplantation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующий отделом нефрологии, почечно-заместительной терапии и трансплантации почки</p></bio><email>kirill_ka@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-9424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Margarita V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Маргарита Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры патологической анатомии</p></bio><email>mvdmitieva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-4834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.биол.н., доцент, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий</p></bio><email>k.nazarova-86@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-2287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prymakova</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Примакова</surname><given-names>Евгения Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий</p></bio><email>gane_sel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-2093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedyulya</surname><given-names>Natalya I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедюля</surname><given-names>Наталья Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.биол.н., доцент, заведующая лабораторией клеточных биотехнологий</p></bio><email>nata_2010@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-1620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Symanovich</surname><given-names>Alla A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сыманович</surname><given-names>Алла Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand.Sci. (Biology), Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.биол.н., врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий</p></bio><email>aleftyna@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-7456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurkina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юркина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ст. науч. сотрудник</p></bio><email>ekatherina999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-9738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Ирина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотрудник</p></bio><email>romirina1978@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-4465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivenko</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривенко</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Research</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заместитель директора по научной работе</p></bio><email>svtl_kr@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6954-675X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalachyk</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калачик</surname><given-names>Олег Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr.Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director for Medical Affairs</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заместитель директора по медицинской части</p></bio><email>oleg_kalachik@hotmaill.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Minsk Scientific and Practical Center for Surgery, Transplantology, and Hematology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Минский научно-практический центр хирургии, трансплантологии и гематологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2075-3594/article/view/699564">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2075-3594/article/view/699564</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective. </bold>Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of chronic active humoral kidney graft rejection (CAHKGR).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>A pilot study was conducted using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of morphologically verified CAHKGR in 7 kidney recipients.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>No statistically significant changes in creatinine levels, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or proteinuria were observed after MSC treatment. The one-year graft survival rate was 100%. No deaths or serious complications from MSC therapy were recorded.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The use of MSCs is a promising approach in transplant nephrology due to its positive effect on the renal allograft, including stabilization of GFR, satisfactory tolerability of therapy, and minimal complications, which allows for increased graft survival.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования. </bold>оценка безопасности и эффективности применения мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (МСК) при лечении хронического активного гуморального отторжения (ХАГО) почечного трансплантата.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Проведено пилотное исследование использования МСК в лечении морфологически верифицированного ХАГО трансплантата у 7 реципиентов почки.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Статистически значимой динамики уровня креатинина, скорости клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) и протеинурии после лечения МСК не выявлено. Однолетняя выживаемость трансплантатов составила 100%. Летальных исходов и серьезных осложнений терапии МСК не зарегистрировано.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Использование МСК является перспективным направлением в трансплантационной нефрологии за счет положительного эффекта на почечный аллографт в виде стабилизации СКФ, удовлетворительной переносимости терапии при минимальном числе осложнений, что позволяет увеличить продолжительность функционирования трансплантата.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>graft rejection</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>humoral rejection</kwd><kwd>cell therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>отторжение трансплантата</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>гуморальное отторжение</kwd><kwd>клеточная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chehade H., Pascual M. 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