Clinical nephrologyClinical nephrologyКлиническая нефрология2075-35942414-9322Bionika Media70405910.18565/nephrology.2026.1.64-68Literature ReviewsОбзоры литературыReview ArticleMalignant neoplasms in the structure of mortality in kidney transplant recipientsЗлокачественные новообразования в структуре смертности реципиентов почечного трансплантатаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-0539TrushkinRuslan N.ТрушкинРуслан Николаевич
Russian Federation

Professor, DSc, Head of the Urology Department State Budgetary Institution of Healthcare, Moscow Clinical Research Center, Hospital No.52 of the Moscow Department of Healthcare; Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with a Course in Oncourology, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением урологии ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-исследовательский центр Больница № 52» ДЗМ; кафедра урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии, Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы

uro52@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-8616IsaevTeymur K.ИсаевТеймур Карибович
Russian Federation

DSc, Urologist of the urology department

д.м.н., врач-уролог урологического отделения

dr.isaev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-0302-0428SokolovAleksandr A.СоколовАлександр Александрович
Russian Federation

PhD, Urologist in the oncourology department

к.м.н., врач-уролог отделения онкоурологии

salexdoc@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7016-2360SokolovSergey A.СоколовСергей Александрович
Russian Federation

Urologist of the urology department

врач-уролог урологического отделения

sergey.sokolow28@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0184-346XVinogradovVladimir E.ВиноградовВладимир Евгеньевич
Russian Federation

Head of the Consultative and Diagnostic Nephrology Department

заведующий консультативно-диагностическим нефрологическим отделением

vino-gradoff@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-9362-4475M.Isaeva AnastasiaИсаеваАнастасия Михайловна
Russian Federation

Gynecologist of gynecological department No. 2 Federal

врач-гинеколог гинекологического отделения № 2

antropik88@mail.ruTrushkinaVasilisa R.ТрушкинаВасилиса Руслановна
Russian Federation

Student of the medical faculty

студентка медицинского факультета

vasilisa.trushkina.07@mail.ruState Budgetary Institution of Healthcare, Moscow Clinical Research Center, Hospital No. 52 of the Moscow Department of HealthcareГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-исследовательский центр Больница № 52» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыPatrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of RussiaРоссийский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса ЛумумбыFederal State Budgetary Institution, Central Clinical Hospital with a Polyclinic of the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian FederationФГБУ «Центральная клиническая больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента РФFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»1103202618164681003202610032026Copyright ©; 2026, Bionika MediaCopyright ©; 2026, ООО «Бионика Медиа»2026Bionika MediaООО «Бионика Медиа»https://journals.eco-vector.com/2075-3594/article/view/704059

Introduction. Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of malignant neoplasms compared to patients who have not undergone kidney transplantation, which is associated with the influence of specific factors inherent to this group.

Objective. To determine the role of malignant neoplasms in the structure of mortality in kidney transplant recipients.

Material and methods. The literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, eLibrary, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The search covered articles in Russian and English. From the initial selection of 69 publications, 28 of the most relevant studies from 2020 to 2025 were selected, corresponding to the objective of the review.

Conclusion. Kidney transplant recipients have increased incidence and mortality from malignant neoplasms compared to the general population. The high heterogeneity in cancer mortality rates among recipients across countries is likely due not only to regional differences in cancer incidence but also to the implementation of malignant neoplasm screening, which enables early detection of tumors.

Введение. Реципиенты почечного трансплантата подвержены повышенной заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями по сравнению с пациентами, не подвергшимися трансплантации почки, что связано с действием специфических факторов, присущих данной группе.

Цель: определить роль злокачественных новообразований в структуре смертности реципиентов почечного трансплантата.

Материал и методы. Для написания литературного обзора использовались базы данных PubMed, Scopus, eLibrary, Web of Science и Google Scholar. Поиск охватывал статьи на русском и английском языках. Из первоначально отобранных 69 публикаций выбраны 28 наиболее релевантных работ с 2020 по 2025 г., соответствующие цели обзора.

Заключение. Реципиенты почечного трансплантата имеют повышенную заболеваемость и смертность от злокачественных новообразований по сравнению с общей популяцией. Высокая разнородность в показателях смертности от рака у реципиентов, проживающих в различных странах, вероятнее всего, связана не только с региональными особенностями онкозаболеваемости, но и организацией скрининга на злокачественные новообразования, позволяющего выявлять опухоли на ранних стадиях.

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