Bulletin of Rehabilitation MedicineBulletin of Rehabilitation MedicineВестник восстановительной медицины2078-19622713-2625National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology608921ArticlesСтатьиMiscellaneous«Omik» - tekhnologii i ikh znachenie v sovremennoy profilakticheskoy i vosstanovitel'noy meditsine«Омик» - технологии и их значение в современной профилактической и восстановительной медицинеShenderovBoris Arkad'evichШендеровБорис Аркадьевич

главный научный сотрудник, руководитель научной группы, д.м.н., профессор

shenderof@yandex.ruФБУН Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н.Габричевского15062012113NO3 (2012)№3 (2012)707812102023Copyright ©; 2012, Shenderov B.A.Copyright ©; 2012, Шендеров Б.А.2012Shenderov B.A.Шендеров Б.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/2078-1962/article/view/608921

This review gives the current state of the novel “omic” technologies including genomics; which analysis the human genome and microbiome structure; epigenomics, that investigate influence of environment factors to gene expression; transcriptomics, which measures mRNA transcript levels; proteomics, which quantifies protein abundance and spectrum; metabolomics, which determines abundance of low molecular weight cellular metabolites; and their varieties enable quantitative monitoring of the multiple of various biological molecules and their interaction in the human body. The multi -“omics” approach is a powerful tool for understanding the functional symbiotic interplay of human eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and dynamics of molecular modifications of this multi - cellular system in different environment conditions. Accumulation “omic” databases especially integrated and their bioinformatic analysis permit better understanding molecular bases of human health and diseases and designing novel effective drugs and functional foods.

В обзоре представлен анализ новых «омик» технологий, применяемых в современной медицине: геномике, исследующей геном и микробиом человека, эпигеномике, изучающей влияние факторов среды на экспрессию генов, транскриптомике, оценивающей количество и профиль транскрибируемой информационной и некодирующей РНК, протеомике и метаболомике, характеризующих количественное содержание и спектр белков и других низко-молекулярных клеточных метаболитов, присутствующих в физиологических жидкостях человека. Широкое внедрение в практику клинических «омик» технологий и их комплекса позволяет более объективно оценить функциональные симбиотические взаимоотношения эукариотических и прокариотических клеток организма человека в различных условиях. Получаемые с помощью этих новых технологий данные ускоряют и улучшают расшифровку молекулярных основ здоровья и риска возникновения метаболических заболеваний и способствуют разработке новых более эффективных лекарственных средства и функциональных продуктов питания, в том числе персонального назначения.

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