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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник восстановительной медицины</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2078-1962</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2625</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">623897</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38025/2078-1962-2023-22-3-17-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Rehabilitation of Gate and Balance Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis using Progressive Resistance Power Training: a Randomized Controlled Study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Реабилитация нарушений ходьбы и баланса при рассеянном склерозе с помощью прогрессивной тренировки мощности с сопротивлением: рандомизированное контролируемое исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-0441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makshakov</surname><given-names>Gleb S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макшаков</surname><given-names>Глеб Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Rehabilitation department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением медицинской реабилитации</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9140-2033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazur</surname><given-names>Anna P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазур</surname><given-names>Анна Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student of the medical faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, лечебный факультет</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9162-2088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadovskikh</surname><given-names>Mikhail O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садовских</surname><given-names>Михаил Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student of the medical faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, лечебный факультет</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7333-4963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinova</surname><given-names>Ksenia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воинова</surname><given-names>Ксения Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>physical therapist of the Rehabilitation department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инструктор-методист ЛФК, отделение медицинской реабилитации</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2162-3015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernenko</surname><given-names>Anastasia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черненко</surname><given-names>Анастасия Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>physical therapist of the Rehabilitation department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инструктор-методист ЛФК, отделение медицинской реабилитации</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-1529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Иван Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>data scientist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>статистик, специалист по анализу данных</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-237X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yevdoshenko</surname><given-names>Evgeniy P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдошенко</surname><given-names>Евгений Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head, Vice-President of the Medical Association of professionals and MS centers</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель, вице-президент, Медицинская ассоциация врачей и центров рассеянного склероза и других нейроиммунологических заболеваний</p></bio><email>g.makshakov@centrems.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Center of Multiple Sclerosis, St. Petersburg City Clinical Hospital No. 31</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городской центр рассеянного склероза, СПб ГБУЗ Городская клиническая больница № 31</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Makshakov G.S., Mazur A.P., Sadovskikh M.O., Voinova K.V., Chernenko A.Y., Kalinin I.V., Yevdoshenko E.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Макшаков Г.С., Мазур А.П., Садовских М.О., Воинова К.В., Черненко А.Ю., Калинин И.В., Евдошенко Е.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makshakov G.S., Mazur A.P., Sadovskikh M.O., Voinova K.V., Chernenko A.Y., Kalinin I.V., Yevdoshenko E.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макшаков Г.С., Мазур А.П., Садовских М.О., Воинова К.В., Черненко А.Ю., Калинин И.В., Евдошенко Е.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2078-1962/article/view/623897">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2078-1962/article/view/623897</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>INTRODUCTION</bold><bold>. </bold>Progressive resistance training (PRT) has been recognized as an effective tool in the rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), however its comparative efficacy remains has yet to be determined.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><bold>. </bold>In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the self-guided in-patient progressive resistance power training (PRT) program for improving gait and balance in patients with MS compared with the standard rehabilitation program.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS</bold><bold> </bold><bold>AND</bold><bold> </bold><bold>METHODS</bold><bold>.</bold> 60 patients with MS were equally randomized into control group (CG) and the PRT group (PG). Training was performed 5 times/week, for 4 weeks in both groups. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with improvement in the 6-minute walking test above a minimal clinically significant difference in both groups. Tests of walking speed and balance (Timed 25-foot walking test (T25FW), Timed up-and-go (TUG) test, walking speed), mean voluntary muscle contraction on dominant and non-dominant legs as well as quality of life tests (cognitive and physical domains) at week 4 were used as secondary endpoints.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><bold>. </bold>In PG, 17/27 (63 %) patients reached the primary endpoint compared to 11/23 (48 %) in KG, which did not make a statistically significant difference (<italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>= 0.89). Patients showed significant improvement in the T25FW test and TUG test in PG, but not in CG one. Muscle strength improved in both groups, however patients in PG showed mostly improvement in non-dominant leg and more on knee flexors and feet extensors, while patients in the CG showed improvement in hip flexors on both legs. Quality of life parameters improved in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at all the endpoints studied at week 4.</p> <p><bold>DISCUSSION</bold><bold>.</bold> In both groups, significant increases in distance and walking speed prevented reaching the primary endpoint. PRT has been shown to provide a statistically significant improvement in short-distance walking speed, which may have been due to a positive effect on the rate of force development, increasing walking speed and improving walking balance. The increase in muscle strength occurred in trained muscle groups and had differences between the study groups. This result could be obtained both due to the direct training of certain muscle groups, and due to the phenomenon of contralateral transfer.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><bold>. </bold>Progressive resistance training may have some beneficial differences compared to non-progressive training that need to be elucidated further.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. </bold>Прогрессивные тренировки с сопротивлением (ПТС) считаются эффективным инструментом в реабилитации пациентов с рассеянным склерозом (РС), однако их эффективность в сравнении с другими методиками физической реабилитации еще предстоит выяснить.</p> <p><bold>ЦЕЛЬ. </bold>Целью данного исследования была оценка эффективности и безопасности ПТС для улучшения походки и баланса у пациентов с РС по сравнению со стандартной программой реабилитации.</p> <p><bold>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. </bold>60 пациентов с РС были равномерно распределены в контрольную группу (КГ) и группу ПТС (ПГ). Тренировку в обеих группах проводили 5 раз в неделю в течение 4 недель. Первичной конечной точкой был процент пациентов с улучшением показателей теста 6-минутной ходьбы выше минимальных клинически значимых изменений в обеих группах. Тесты скорости (тест ходьбы на 25 футов (T25FW) и баланса ходьбы (тест «Встань и иди»), скорость ходьбы, оценка силы произвольного изометрического сокращения на доминантной и недоминантной ноге, а также тесты качества жизни (когнитивные и физические домены) на 4-й неделе использовались в качестве вторичных конечных точек.</p> <p><bold>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. </bold>В ПГ 17/27 (63 %) пациентов достигли первичной конечной точки по сравнению с 11/23 (48 %) в КГ, что не составило статистически значимой разницы (<italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>= 0,89). Пациенты в ПГ, но не в КГ показали значительное улучшение в тесте на T25FW и тесте «Встань и иди». Мышечная сила улучшилась в обеих группах, однако пациенты из ПГ показали в основном улучшение силы сгибателей бедра недоминантной ноги, а также в сгибателях коленного сустава и разгибателях стоп, в то время как пациенты из КГ показали улучшение сгибателей бедра на обеих ногах. Показатели качества жизни значимо улучшились в обеих группах. На 4-й неделе статистически значимых различий между группами по всем исследуемым конечным точкам не наблюдалось.</p> <p><bold>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. </bold>В обеих группах значимые увеличения дистанции и скорости ходьбы не позволили достичь первичной конечной точки. Было показано, что ПТС обеспечивает статистически значимое улучшение скорости ходьбы на короткие расстояния, что могло произойти из-за положительного влияния на скорость развития силы мышечного сокращения, увеличивая скорость ходьбы и улучшая баланс при ходьбе. Увеличение мышечной силы происходило в тренируемых мышечных группах и имело различия между группами исследования. Данный результат мог быть получен как из-за непосредственной тренировки определенных мышечных групп, так и вследствие феномена контралатерального переноса.</p> <p><bold>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. </bold>Прогрессивные тренировки с сопротивлением могут иметь некоторые преимущества по сравнению со стандартной программой, что требует дальнейшего изучения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>physical exercise</kwd><kwd>resistance training</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>физические упражнения</kwd><kwd>тренировка с сопротивлением</kwd><kwd>силовая тренировка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pearson M., Dieberg G., Smart N. Exercise as a therapy for improvement of walking ability in adults with multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis. 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