Цель. Анализ молекулярных механизмов, определяющих возможность использования витамина B₆ в клинической практике для коррекции различных патологических состояний.

Материалы и методы. В качестве инструментов проведения исследования использовались информационно-поисковые (Scopus, PubMed) и библиотечные (eLibrary) базы данных. В ряде случаев для семантического поиска использовалось приложение ResearchGate. В работе осуществлялся анализ и обобщение научной литературы по теме исследования, охватывающей период с 1989 по настоящее время.

Результаты. Показано, что все химические формы витамина В₆ способны проникать через мембраны большинства клеток путем свободной диффузии, при этом внутри формируют фосфорилированные формы. Пиридоксальфосфат является биологически важным метаболитом, непосредственно участвующим в качестве кофактора во множестве внутриклеточных реакций. Потребности в данном кофакторе зависят от возраста, пола и состояния пациента. Особую роль в потреблении витамина В₆ играет беременность и период лактации. В большинстве случаев сбалансированное питание позволяет обеспечить приемлемый уровень данного витамина. В то же время его дефицит приводит к развитию целого ряда патологических состояний, включающих нейродегенеративные заболевания, воспаление и диабет. Также возможны негативные проявления со стороны центральной нервной системы при избыточном потреблении В₆.

Заключение. Восполнение уровня витамина В₆ при его выявленном дефиците является необходимым условием успешной терапии заболеваний центральной нервной системы, диабета и коррекции иммунного статуса пациентов. При этом необходимо соблюдать сбалансированный прием данного кофактора во избежание негативных эффектов на метаболизм при его переизбытке.

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