The Preface to the Shiwang Jing: An Early Legend of Revival

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The main text of the Tangut version of the Scripture on the Ten Kings was based on the Tibetan version, but its preface, translated from Chinese, contains a folk legend about a child who returns alive from Hell after Yama admires his respect for deities and sages. A similar legend is recorded in Chinese Buddhist canon no earlier than the Ming Dynasty, therefore the Tangut preface proves to be the earliest sample of the same work. With the help of Chinese texts, it may be possible to decipher the Tangut version of the cursive handwritten preface in inv. № 819 kept at the IOM, RAS and the version in a xylograph that recently appeared on the Chinese relic market.

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Jiuling Zhang

Shanxi Normal University

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: onlyxin86@126.com
КНР, Taiyuan

Список литературы

  1. BEROUNSKY, Daniel 2012: The Tibetan Version of the Scripture on the Ten Kings and the Quest for Chinese Influence on the Tibetan Perception of the Afterlife. Prague: Triton.
  2. DU Doucheng 杜斗城 1989: Dunhuangben Foshuo Shiwangjing Jiaolu Yanjiu 敦煌本《佛說十王經》校錄研究 [Collated research on the Dunhuang manuscripts of The Scripture on the Ten Kings]. Lanzhou: Gansu Education Publishing House.
  3. KYCHANOV, Evgenij I. 1999: Katalog tangutskikh buddijskikh pamyatnikov [Catalogue of Tangut Buddhist Monuments]. Kyoto: Kyoto University.
  4. NIE Hongyin 聶鴻音 2016: Xixia Fojing Xuba Yizhu 西夏佛經序跋譯注 [Translations and annotations on the prefaces and postscripts of Tangut sutras]. Shanghai: Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House.
  5. NISHIDA Tatsuo 西田龍雄 1977: Seikabun Kekonkyō 西夏文華嚴經 [The Hsi-Hsia Avataṃsaka Sūtra)]. Vol. III. Kyoto: Faculty of Letters, Kyoto University.
  6. SUN Bojun 孙伯君 2011: “Yuankan Hexizang kaobu” 元刊《河西藏》考補 [Complementary research on the Hexi Tripiṭaka of the Yuan edition]. Minzu Yanjiu 民族研究 [Ethno-national studies] 2: 56–63.
  7. TEISER, Stephen F. 1994: The Scripture on the Ten Kings and the Making of Purgatory in Medieval Chinese Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
  8. ZHANG Jiuling 張九玲 2019: “Dingzhou foxiang fuzhong suochu Xixiawen Shiwang Jing canpian kao” 定州佛像腹中所出西夏文《十王經》殘片考 [On the Fragments of Tangut Shiwang Jing found inside a Buddha statue in Dingzhou]. In: Xixiaxue 西夏學 [Tangutology] 19: 311–319. Lanzhou: Gansu Culture Publishing House.
  9. ZHANG Zong 張總 2013: “Shiwang Dizang Jingtu xushuo” 十王地藏經圖續說 [Complementary notes on Shiwang Dizang Jingtu]. In: Erlinglingjiu nian Zhongguo Chongqing Dazu Shike Guoji Xueshu Yantaohui Lunwenji 2009年中國重慶大足石刻國際學術研討會論文集 [Symposium of the International Academic Conference on the Stone Carvings in Dazu, Chongqing 2009]. Ed. by the Institute of Dazu Rock Carvings. Chongqing: Chongqing Publishing House: 568–590.

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1. JATS XML
2. Pl. 1. The beginning of the Scripture on the Ten Kings

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3. Pl. 2. Frontispiece of the Scripture on the Ten Kings

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4. Pl. 3. The preface of the xylograph Scripture on the Ten Kings

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5. Pl. 4. The preface of the manuscript inv. № 819, IOM RAS

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© Zhang J., 2023

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