Vol 11, No 4 (2024)

The article reflects the processes of the world economy transformation that affect the national labor market and determine the trends of its development. The dynamics of Russian labor market indicators is studied. These indicators are as follows: the work-force size, the amount of man-power employed, recorded unemployment, and declared vacancies for unemployed citizens. The tendency of changes in the amount of wages is determined; and the extent of its differentiation in the context of sectors of the national economy is characterized. The impact of depopulation and migration on the economy and prospects for the long-term development of the Russian labor market is reflected. The relevance of the implementation of a comprehensive regionally oriented management approach aimed at regulating the Russian labor market in the context of the revival of the national and transformation of the global economic system is proved. The article is of scientific interest to researchers of the national labor market in the conditions of transformation of the world economic system.

The article is devoted to the study of factors influencing the development of human capital. In the forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030, great attention is paid to improving human capital. The authors focus on culture as a factor in the development of human capital. The article analyzes the costs of human capital. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to increase investments in education and healthcare. A study of the relationship between investments in culture and the level of human capital development has been conducted. The selected areas of research on cultural investments, as well as their relationship with the knowledge economy, are insufficiently studied. The results of the study show that it is necessary to pay attention to investments not only in health and education but also in cultural development.

The year 2023 is the beginning of the next changes in the methodological approaches to the minimum wage and the minimum subsistence level of the working-age population. Thus, the system of guaranteed minimum wages is still evolving. The statistical base of the study is limited to the period 2000-2022. The analysis of the impact of the purchasing power growth potential of low-skilled employees and the progressive development of the minimum wage institution is carried out. The purpose of the article was to study the situation with minimum wage guarantees for Russian employees and their relationship with socially significant indicators reflecting the state of the art in the country's economy, including such factors as the standard of living, inflation, GDP growth, and labor productivity. The following methods were applied: comparative analysis, synthesis, and statistical evaluation techniques. It was revealed that despite the fact that the minimum wages in Russia are indexed at an accelerated pace, their growth does not have a significant impact on the basic indicators considered in the article and does not change the situation on the labor market. The main conclusion is that the minimum wage should be significantly higher than the subsistence level of the working population. The results can be used by federal executive authorities implementing regulatory legal regulation in the field of employees' remuneration in the preparation of materials submitted to the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations, as well as by employers in setting wages for employees.

The article examines the problems of the development of the labor market of urban agglomerations. In contrast to the previously presented research works, the subject of this study are agglomerations with a population of less than 500 thousand people (Vologda, Arkhangelsk, Tambov, Kaluga, Norilsk, Surgut, Khanty-Mansiysk, and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk). It was found out that in all of them, with the exception of Kaluga, there is a tendency to increase the concentration of the working age population in 2011-2022. Based on the results of the assessment of the balance of supply and demand in the labor market, the risks of staff shortages in the Vologda, Arkhangelsk, and Khanty-Mansiysk areas were identified, while the problem is more acute in the core cities than in the satellite areas. It was found out that in almost all of the agglomerations considered the ratio of wages to the subsistence minimum is higher than the average for the region, which is the main incentive for attracting qualified staff. At the same time, there is a tendency to decrease the level of wage differentiation within the agglomeration: the level of wages in satellite areas is gradually catching up with the values of the indicators in the cores. The scientific novelty of the research consists in broadening the understanding of the state of the art and problems of development of the labor market of urban agglomerations of the "second level", as well as in assessing its balance in the context of the core or satellite areas. The materials of the article can find practical application at the public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-governments in the development of management tools for the formation of a single labor market in urban agglomerations. Acknowledgments: The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Scientific Project No. 23-78-10054, https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-78-10054/

The article examines the role of geoinformation systems (GIS) in risk management in courier services. Based on the analysis of the causes and consequences of risks in this area, the key factors contributing to the emergence of risks for courier services are highlighted. The GIS advantages and functionality in the context of risk management are analyzed; and examples of the successful application of GIS to reduce risks in courier services are presented. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for the GIS application to minimize risks and ensure courier safety. The proposed concepts and technical solutions are aimed at improving the efficiency and safety of delivery as well as the overall economic performance of courier services. The subject of the study includes the economic aspects of GIS integration in the field of courier and postal services, taking into account their impact on labor productivity parameters, delivery efficiency, as well as general economic indicators, which are components of ensuring sustainable economic development of a postal operator or delivery service. The results of the study may be of interest to specialists in the field of occupational safety, as well as to managers of courier services and businessmen interested in optimizing delivery processes and ensuring employees\' safety.