Vol 19, No 1-2 (2019)

Articles

STUDY OF PETEOLAR ANATOMY OF AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L. LEAVES AS A PERSPEOTIVE SOUROE OF BIOLOGIOALLY AOTIVE COMPOUNDS

Belov P.V., Kurkin V.A., Ryzhov V.M., Tarasenko L.V., Kaganova T.O.

Abstract

Topicality. Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves are a perspective source of biologically active compounds. A number of authors have reliably proved the anti-inflammatory and venotonic activity of horse chestnut leaves-based extracts. The lack of regulatory documentation hinders the process of development and implementation of medicines made of horse chestnut leaves. One of the problem of standardization is the confirmation of medicinal plant materials authenticity, in particular, the petiolar signs of leaves should be given in the section “Microscopy”. However, at present, anatomy of the stalks of chestnut leaves has not been studied. Objective. The aim is to investigate the morphological and anatomical structure of the rachises of the finger-complex leaf of horse chestnut and identify the diagnostic features of this medicinal plant materials. Materials and methods. The horse chestnut leaves collected in the period of flowering in June 2018 in the Botanical Garden of Samara University were investigated. The experiment was carried out by the method of light microscopy in transmitted and reflected light on a light field that met the requirements of State Pharmacopoeia of Russia, XIV edition. Results. The analysis made it possible to reveal the structural features of the horse chestnut leaf rachis: the outlines of the cross sections in the basal, medial and apical parts of the rachis, the beam type of the structure; the presence of a central group of beams in the core; collenchim-like parenchyma of the bark; pigmented pith cells, simple starch grains. Conclusion. The obtained data will allow to further development of the section “Microscopy” of the Pharmacopoeial monograph “Aesculus hippocastanum L. leaves”.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):6-12
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DEvELopMENT of TEOHNiQuEs FoR THE DETERMiNATioN oF MoisTuRE (Loss oN DRYING) oF MEDiOiNAL PLANT RAW MATERiALS oF MoRPHoLoGiOAL group “FRUiT” by infrared thermogravimetric method

Zhdanov D.A., Braslavsky V.B.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of new and perspective for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) techniques for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of medicinal plant raw materials of the morphological group “Fruit” and medicinal plant preparations by the use of infrared thermogravimetric (IRTGM) method. The techniques for determination of moisture (loss on drying) IRTGM-method as exemplified by the fruit of the following medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Rosa cinnamomea L. and Anethum graveolens L. were developed. The comparable results for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of the medicinal plant raw materials of investigated plants were obtained by means of two methods: IRTGM and pharmacopoeial method, which allow us to recommend the developed techniques for inclusion into the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):13-18
pages 13-18 views

THE new aspects iN MoRPHoloGICAL AND anatomical DiAGNosTics of the herb monarda fistulosa l

Lapina A.S., Kurkin V.A., Ryzhov V.M., Tarasenko L.V.

Abstract

Topicality. The herb of Monarda fistulosa L. cultivated in the Russian Federation is one of the promising sources of essential oils, flavonoids and other biologically active compounds. The problem of standardization of raw materials of this plant is not fully resolved. Objective. The article is aimed at specification and addition of anatomical and histological signs of leaves and stems of Monarda fistulosa, as well as at the study of the luminescent features of their tissues. Materials and methods. The material of the study was the stems and leaves of the Monarda fistulosa, collected in the flowering period in July 2017 in the Botanical Garden of Samara University. The experiment was carried out by the method of light microscopy in transmitted and reflected light on a light field in accordance with the requirements of the monograph of the State Pharmacopoeia of Russia, XIV edition. Results. The article presents the results of a morphological and anatomical study of the herb of Monarda fistulosa. Additionally, the diagnostic features of the studied plant were determined, and the luminescence features of the tissues of the stems and leaves were also described. Conclusion. The obtained data allow us to develop a section “Microscopic signs” of the Pharmacopoeial monograph for the new type of medicine plant material - “herb of Monardae fistulosae”.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):19-26
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THE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE HERB ASTRAGALUS GLYCYPHYLLUS L

Pozdnyakova T.A., Bubenchikov R.A.

Abstract

Topicality. In the process of originating and development of many diseases, an important role belongs to free radicals, which trigger chain reactions leading to damage of cells and tissues. The natural antioxidants can help to neutralize free radicals, among which phenolic compounds are the most active. The presence of these groups of biologically active substances in the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. suggests the presence of antioxidant activity in the phyto-complexes of the studied plant. The purpose of this research was to study the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the air-dry herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. harvested in the period of mass flowering. To obtain the most reliable results of the study, the investugation of the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was carried out by two met hods: by the method based on the chemical reaction between potassium permanganate and regenerating biologically active substances contained in extracts from the studied plant and by spectrophotometry of free radicals based on the reaction interactions of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl with antioxidants contained in plant raw materials. To establish the dependence between the antioxidant activity and the presence of phenolic compounds in the plant, the content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was determined. Results. It was found that all the studied extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. have antioxidant activity, but their values are different depending on the used extractant. In this case, a consistent pattern is observed between the content in the extraction of phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids) and the magnitude of antioxidant activity. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the total antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was established. Its value was found to be related to the content of phenolic compounds in the plant by a positive correlation. The obtained data indicate the promising use of the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. as a source of natural antioxidants. · Keywords: Astragalus glycyphyllus L.; antioxidant activity; flavonoids; hydroxycinnamic acids; free radicals.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):27-32
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ANALYsis oF RYRRoLIDiNopHENoNE DERivATivEs iN BioLoGiOAL FLuiDs

Synbulatov I.V., Voronin A.V., Voronina T.V.

Abstract

Pyrrolidinophenone derivatives are the group of narcotic drugs controlled in the Russian Federation. The review presents the trends of biotransformation of а-pyrrolidinovalerophenone and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone, the data about their primary metabolites is provided. Various techniques of the sample preparation of biological fluids for analytical toxicology studies for substances of the pyrrolidinophenone derivative group are discussed. The use of enzymatic hydrolysis followed by solid-phase extraction (sorption) provides low detection limits for native sub- PHARMACY ФАРМАЦИЯ stances of this group and primary metabolites using small volumes of biological fluids (0.5 and 1.0 ng/ml blood for a-pyrrolidinovalerophenone and 3,4-methylenedioxypirovalonone respectively). The main characteristics of pyrro-lidinophenone derivatives (Kovac’s retention indices in nonpolar stationary liquid phases and the main characteristic ions in the mass spectra of electron impact) are presented. They allow to identify pyrrolidinophenone derivatives and their primary metabolites in biological fluids during chromatographic-mass spectrometric screening. Analytical possibilities of an alternative variant of screening for biological fluids i.e. analysis by using current immunochemical test systems, including “biochips” are discussed. The main methods of reliable identification and quantitative determination of pyrrolidinophenone derivatives are chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The detection limit of 3,4-methylenedioxypyralovalone in blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is 1.0 ng/ml. The ranges of the determined concentrations of the method of quantitation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are 2.0-2000.0 ng/ml for blood and 0.05-50.0 ng/10 mm for hair. The high-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with a triple quadrupole in the monitoring mode of multiple molecular reactions makes it possible to achieve a nearly complete suppression of analytical background “noise” for a sample, and to obtain detection and quantification limits for 3,4-methylenedioxypy-raloperone in cadaveric blood at a level of 10.0-100.0 pg/ml and 1.0-10.0 ng/ml, respectively. One of the advantages of the high-performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system is the screening possibility.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):33-40
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THE EFFiOAcY AND OoMpLiOATioNs oF MEDiOAL ABoRTioN iN EARLY pREGNANOY

Grigoryeva N.V.

Abstract

Medication-induced termination of pregnancy is increasingly used nowadays, for it is more physiological and the emptying of the uterus occurs without mechanical impact on its walls. Although this method is deprived of a number of problems that may occur during a surgical abortion, it is not deprived of the possible development of post-abortion complications. That is why the study of the development of possible complications, and therefore ways to prevent them, is an urgent task. The article presents data of comparative analysis concerning medical abortion, its effectiveness and complications in physiological and regressive pregnancies. 114 clinical cases of termination of pregnancy were analyzed. Of these, in 40 cases there was non-developing pregnancy and 74 cases form physiologically developing but unwanted pregnancy. Our study demonstrated the high efficiency of this method (97%). The main complications both during the process of medical abortion and in the post-abortion period were revealed. Taking into account the possible risk factors of medical abortion that can cause complications contributes to the improvement of the effectiveness of this method and reduction in the number of complications.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):41-46
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PREDIOTION OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE VULVA AND VAGINA IN GIRLS DEPENDING ON THE STAGE OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT

Kazakova A.V., Uvarova E.V., Bezrukova A.A., Ovchinnikova A.O.

Abstract

The article is devoted to current views on risk factors of the vulvovaginitis in girls and the possibility of its prognosis. Survey findings on hygienic skills, the anamnesis, findings of vaginal microbiota of girls and polymorphism of genes of the immune response are provided in the article. Received data allowed to create multidimensional predictive models of risk of vulvovaginitis development in girls depending on the stage of sexual maturation introduced by Tanner.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):47-53
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LABORATORY PREDATORS OF SPONTANEOUS PREGNANCY OCCURRENCE IN WOMEN WITH OVARIAN CYSTS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY

Kalinkina O.B., Tezikov Y.V., Lipatov I.S., Aravina O.R., Stulova S.V.

Abstract

The main goal of treating couples with infertility is achieving pregnancy and successful delivery of the newborn. Laparoscopy is used worldwide for treating patients with infertility due to endometriosis or recurrent functional uni- or bilateral ovarian cysts. In our prospective study we examined 258 women with the diagnosis of benign mass of the ovaries who underwent treatment for infertility at Samara State Clinical Hospital n.a. V.D. Seredavin within the period from November 2015 to December 2017. 54 women with infertility were enrolled in the current study. We divided them into two groups: the first group included patients with endometrioid cysts (n = 20) and the second one included patients diagnosed with functionalovarian cysts (n = 34). Exclusion criteria comprised the tubal factor of infertility, male factor, BMI > 25 of female and other metabolic disorders. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) ng/ml and CA-125 were determined preoperatively. Patients were compatible with age, parity, and duration of infertility. Post-operative levels of AMH were measured on the first cycle after surgery. Postoperatively the patients were followed up for 6 monthsin order to confirm the presence/absence of pregnancy by ultrasound examination and the level of human chorionic gonadotropin in blood. 42,6% of total women enrolled in this study became pregnant within 6 months after surgery. The proportion of pregnancies in the group with treated endometriomas was significantly lower in comparison with the group of functional cysts: 7 patients (35%)in the first groupand 16 patients (47,05%) in the second one, p < 0.007 respectively. We consider post-operative AMH level to be more accurate prognostic tool for predicting results of laparoscopic infertility treatment in women both with ovarian cysts and endometriomas.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):54-58
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A COMPREHENSIVE HEARING EVALUATION IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

Vladimirova T.Y., Aizenshtadt L.V.

Abstract

Hearing loss in patients of older age groups is a common problem. Numerous studies show that more than 69% of patients with hearing loss are at the age of 60 and older. The aim of the work was to analyze the indicators of complex assessment of hearing in patients of older age groups. The study involved 300 patients aged 60 to 95 (mean age - 78.9 ± 12.9), who in addition to the study of hearing (tonal threshold and speech audiometry) were surveyed by using a questionnaire for elderly people with hearing impairment (HHIE). The presented results indicate that the change in hearing in this group is not regular. The HHIE questionnaire is a convenient screening method in the work of a primary care physician. To understand the level of speech perception in those aged 60 or over, it is important to conduct speech audiometry in a comprehensive assessment of hearing.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):59-64
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INFLUENCE OF NOCTURNAL INCREASE OF BLOOD PRESSURE ON CARDIAC REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Miroshnichenko A.I., Ivanov K.M.

Abstract

Actuality. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, disability and cardiovascular mortality. Episodes of blood pressure (BP) increase during the day in patients receiving antihypertensive therapy are an unfavourable factor contributing to the development and progression of cardiac remodeling. Aim. The purpose of the research is to study the features of changes in the structural and functional state of the heart under the influence of high blood pressure at night in patients with arterial hypertension with the dynamic three-year observation. Material and methods. 47 patients with the diagnosis of AH were examined. Patients were divided into two groups, randomized by age, duration and severity of AH. Group 1 included 24 patients who as a result of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) on the background of combined antihypertensive therapy suffered from constantly increased BP at night. The second group combined 23 patients without the increase in BP during the night according to the ABPM with antihypertensive therapy. The examination included measurement of the office BP, ABPM, two-fold echocardiography with a three-year interval. Results. When assessing the indices of office BP in the groups, there were no significant differences, all patients achieved the target values of BP. In patients in Group 1, higher values of BP were observed during the day, according to ABPM. Echocardiography over a three year period of observation revealed a more pronounced increase in diastolic interventricular septum thickness, the thickness of the left ventricle posterior wall during diastole, sizes of left atrium in the patients of the first group, patients of the second group had a more pronounced thickness of the left ventricle posterior wall during systole. The increase in the size of the right ventricle was revealed in both groups. Conclusions. 1) In patients with the increase in blood pressure at night, the values of BP variability were higher during the day. 2) Three-year dynamic observation revealed that the increase in BP at night in patients with hypertension facilitated acceleration of cardiac remodelling and was associated with an increase in the left ventricular posterior wall, interventricular septum thickness, the size of the left atrium, and the size of the right ventricle.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):65-69
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OLINiOAL AND MoRpHoLoGiOAL outcomes AND BENEFiT oF EARLY iDiopATHiO EpiRETiNAL MEMBRANES SURGERY

Zakharov V.D., Borzenok S.A., Kolesnik S.V., Gorshkov I.M., Kolesnik A.I., Shestopalov V.I., Miridonova A.V., Ostrovsky D.S.

Abstract

Surgical treatment of iERM improves or stabilizes visual acuity (VA), decreases metamorphopsia, and restores macular anatomy. Nevertheless patients with low preoperative VA do not enjoy complete recovery after membrane removal. Limited restoration of the VA in these patients can be due to chronic traction of retina, vascular leakage and persistent cystoid macular edema. All these factors restrict the restoration of macular anatomy and function. Objective. The purpose is to investigate the functional, structural and morphological outcomes of iERM surgical treatment in different proliferation phase. Materials and methods. 60 patients were divided into 3 groups: 1 group - patients with VA 0.7-0.9; 2 group - patients with VA 0.3-0.6; 3 group with VA 0.1-0.3. Idiopathic ERM/ILM samples from vitrectomy were analyzed for glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP), a-SMA, vimentin, CD65 and type II, IV, VI collagen using flat-mount immunohistochemistry. Results. We observed transdifferentiated retinal Muller cells and astrocytes in myofibroblast-like phenotype which induced tissue contraction. In the course of time membranes demonstrated rough extratrecellular matrix component combination. These membranes had strong adhesion to ILM and were removed in the unique block during vitrectomy. An improvement of postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), as well as a decrement in central foveal thickness (CFT) was observed in all groups, maximum after 1 year of observation. Postoperative BCVA was better in patients with satisfactory preoperative VA. Comparative analysis of the three groups showed a significant improvement in BCVA and CFT in the first group. These patients have very little macular damage resulting in good recovery of the macular function. Conclusions. We conclude that vitrectomy for early symptomatic iERM is beneficial in preserving excellent vision. Early intervention may prevent the evolvement of non-reversible damage to the outer retina. It is a safe procedure associated with a lower chance of surgical difficulty during ERM/ILM peeling.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):70-79
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MEOHANisMs oF HEALiNG oF OoRNEAL DEFEOTs wiTH THE USE OF SiLiOA DESiCOATiON AMNiOTiO MEMBRANE

Milyudin E.S., Drozdetskaya D.A.

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to study the mechanism of healing of corneal epithelium defect by using silica desiccation amniotic membrane at the cytomorphological level. 7 patients of Samara Regional Clinical Ophtalmologic Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky formed the main group of the perforemd study. They were diagnosed with recurrent trophic ulcers of the epithelium and corneal stroma. Their corneal defects were covered with the silica desiccation amniotic membrane. A control group included 5 patients with the same diagnosis. They were observed and treated without amniotic membrane application. Control over the regeneration of corneal defects was carried out by biomicroscopy with fluorescein staining, as well as by cytological examination of impression smears from the surface of the cornea on the 1st, 7th and 15th day after the treatment onset. Patient were being followed up for 6 months. Results. Cytomorphological examination on the 1st day after covering the cornea with the amniotic membrane showed the presence of separate long cells of irregular shape. Both layers of smaller epithelial cells and multiple neutrophils were revealed in the control group. By the 7th day cytograms of the patients in the main group had shown mature cells, impression smears in patients of the control group demonstrated epithelial cells of round shape with darkened cytoplasm and a large number of inclusions. On the 15th day cytograms of patients of both groups almost did not differ. During the following 6 months’ observation recurrent corneal epithelial defects with the inflammatory process were noted in patients of the control group. The main group didn’t show such conditions. Conclusions. Silica desiccation amniotic membrane contributes to the increase in the number of epithelial cells, movement and their firm fixation on the corneal surface as well as reduction of the inflammatory process.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):80-84
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MASKS OF AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: A CLINICAL CASE OF LATE DIAGNOSIS OF AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS IN THE ABSENCE OF SPECIFIC MARKERS

Golik O.O., Popova L.L., Konnova T.V.

Abstract

The article is devoted to autoimmune diseases which are the actual problem of Hepatology. There is a number of open questions in the field of autoimmune liver diseases so far. The article presents the analysis of the clinical case of autoimmune hepatitis in a patient without specific markers. The results of the analysis show that even a negative result obtained in the study of common diagnostic panel of autoantibodies does not exclude the presence of autoimmune disease. Early diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis and a timely beginning of pathogenetic therapy prevent complications of the disease and improve the patient’s life quality.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):85-90
pages 85-90 views

IX0DIC TICK-BORNE B0RRELI0SIS IN THE SAMARA REGION

Kulagina A.P., Suzdaltoev A.A., Zotova L.M., Nausheev N.Z., Oganyan R.B.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the identification of regional peculiarities of tick-borne borreliosis in the Samara region. Over the past 10 years, the Samara region has seen an increase in the number of cases of ticks sucking by 2.5 times, as well as an increase in contamination of ixodic ticks by Borrelia. Infection of patients with tick-borne borreliosis was observed not only in forest area, but also in the city. Cases of the disease were recorded from May to October. In this region asthenovegetative syndromes, exanthema, fever and regional lymphadenitis were revealed in patients diagnosed with ixodic tick-borne borreliosis.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):91-94
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EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

Dul’nev V.V., Avrasina L.A.

Abstract

Introducion. Children with cerebral palsy demonstrate high prevalence of the cognitive impairment (CI). One of the key components of CI pathogenesis is sensory disafferentation. Aim. The goal of this investigation is to perform comparative analysis of event-related potentials (ERP) in children with CP and in healthy children. Materials and methods. A total of 30 children with CP (mean age 8.9 ± 0.84 year) and 44 healthy subjects (mean age 9.5 ± 0.60 years) were observed. Registration and comparative analysis of the acoustic ERP were performed with the use of non-parametric tests. Results. The decrease in age-related ERP latencies was slower in the main group. Significant elongation of ERP latencies was also observed in the main group, despite the clinical absence of cognitive decline. Conclusions. Our findings confirm the theory of sensory information cortical processing delay in children with CP. More investigations should be performed for the assessment of reliability of the ERP in the objective evaluation of CI level.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):95-100
pages 95-100 views

MICROVASCULAR DECOMPRESSION IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

Lazarchuk D.M., Alekseev G.N., Kamadey O.O., Chemidronov S.N.

Abstract

This work highlights the main variant treatment of patients with trigeminal neuralgia, with a proven neurovascular conflict, microvascular decompression of the trigeminal root. Microvascular decompression is the main radical treatment method which allows to relieve hyperfunctional syndrome manifested by prosopalgia. In the course of this study, the variant anatomy of the neurovascular conflict in patients with trigeminal neuralgia was described in detail. The group of patients whose clinical diagnosis at the stage of selection was based on a neurological examination and taking into account the progression of symptoms as well as the performed instrumental examination (CT angiography). The results are described in the article. Atrophic changes of the root of the trigeminal nerve are visualized and described. The nature of its blood supply is classified according to the type of the origin of the artery or arterial branches of the trigeminal nerve root. The main types of neurovascular conflict classified according to the type of blood vessel are presented. Variant neuroanatomy of the trigeminal nerve root as well as the interaction with the arteries of the vertebrobasilar basin and the veins of the posterior cranial fossa are described. The course of microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve root, used in the neurosurgical department of Samara Regional Clinical Hospital n.a. V.D. Seredavin is described
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):101-106
pages 101-106 views

PR0GRESS OF SAMARA REGIONAL ANTIEpILEpTIC CENTER

Yakunina A.V., Kalinin V.A., Poverennova I.E.

Abstract

Aim. Evaluation of the results that adult antiepileptic service of Samara region achieved during the period 2002-2018. Methods. 5246 patient cards of people treated in Samara Regional Antiepileptic Center were analyzed, 688 of them were pregnant women. Results. 70.5% of all the patients were 40 years old or younger. Focal epilepsy prevailed in all age groups and occurred in 82.7% cases. Valproic acid, Levetiracetam and Carbamasepinе were the most used antiepileptic drugs among epileptic patients in 2018. The number of patients with remission increased from 2011 to 2018. Practical evidence of dealing with pregnant patients showed that reasonable treatment is positively correlated with pregnancy success.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):107-114
pages 107-114 views

A MODERN APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CLASS II DISTAL OCCLUSION OF THE 1ST SUBCLASS BY ENGLE

Dikova A.A.

Abstract

Distal occlusion is a widespread dental anomaly among all dental diseases. Protrusion of the upper jaw incisors during distal occlusion is quite common. Orthodontic treatment is characterized by its high duration. In this regard, the issue of creating methods to reduce the time of orthodontic treatment of patients with distal occlusion Class II Engle subclass 1 and improve the quality of life of the patient is relevant. When treating patients with distal occlusion, it is necessary to create conditions for the distalization of the second molars of the upper jaw; therefore, it becomes necessary to use additional equipment at the initial stages of the active period of orthodontic treatment. The devices developed by the author allow the body to distalize the second molar of the upper jaw and stabilize its position in the process of orthodontic treatment.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):115-121
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PREVENTIVE PROSTHETICS WITH REMOVABLE APPUANCES IN PARENTS WHO RECEDE ORTHOOONTIC TREATMENT WITH BRACKET SYSTEM

Postnikov M.A., Kortunova E.O., Kirilin M.M.

Abstract

Results of the analysis of incisor and canine impaction and adentia of the maxilla in patients who sought medical advice at the Clinic of Dentistry Department of EPI in the period from 2012 to 2018. Obtained data allowed to develop and put into clinical practice the algorithm for the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of patients with these forms и of anomalies. This algorithm includes prophylactic prosthetics by removable appliances.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):122-130
pages 122-130 views

STUDY OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF JAWS USING THE FINITE-ELEMENTS METHOD

Trunin D.A., Revyakin A.V., Postnikov M.A., Kolganov I.N., Zakharova I.A., Zakharov M.L., Razumnyj V.A., Malceva A.V.

Abstract

This work is devoted to the study of the stress-strain state (SSS) model by using the finite-elements method (FEM) of jaw-bones (the system of lower jaw (LJ) - upper jaw (UJ)) and is the next step in understanding the mechanism of mastication as one of the main functions of the maxillofacial system (MFS). At the same time, reliable information about SSS of the LJ and UJ bones with account of the peculiarities of their anatomical and topographical structure will, firstly, reveal the main regularities of the jaw bone deformations. It will make possible to choose prosthetic appliances that will provide the minimum level of intensity of atrophic processes in supporting tissues and the most favorable biomechanical interaction of bone structures, soft tissues and elements of the prosthetic appliance. The results of mathematical calculations allowed to identify the characteristic features of the deformation and interaction of the LJ and UJ bones, which will ensure a scientifically based choice of those prosthetic appliances contributing to the most prolonged and normal functioning of the maxillofacial system in general.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):131-139
pages 131-139 views

Risk factors AND Ecology of uRiNARY iNOoNTINENOE

Amirov A.R., Lobkarev O.A., Bodrova R.A.

Abstract

Urinary incontinence is an unsolved problem in urology. Awareness of the predisposing risk factors and the etiology of urinary incontinence contributes to its prevention, to facilitate timely diagnosis and the choice of the correct tactics for the correction of urinary disorders. The main causes of incontinence may be dysfunction of the detrusor, its hyperactivity, hyperreflexia, low elasticity, disruption of the sphincter apparatus, paradoxical ishuria, and extraurethral incontinence. In the treatment of incontinence, it was originally recommended to use conservative therapy; in the absence of effect, one can think of surgical methods of treatment depending on the degree of the disorder. This review considers literature data on the identification of risk factors and etiology in the development of urinary incontinence.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):140-148
pages 140-148 views

INFLUENCE OF LASER TREATMENT ON INDICATORS OF FREE-RADICAL OXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION IN SECONDARY PYELONEPHRITIS

Antipkin I.I., Ryazantsev E.V., Ryazantsev V.E., Khoshnaw A.M.

Abstract

Relevance. Optimization of the conservative tactics of acute inflammation of the kidney in nephrolithiasis makes it advisable to use non-traditional methods of detoxification low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) in particular. Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of laser therapy (LT) in the complex correction of acute secondary pyelonephritis (ASP) in patients with single kidney stones according to the basic adaptation criteria of oxidative-antioxidant clinical medicine КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНА homeostasis of the organism. Materials and methods. Indices of endogenous intoxication (EI), characterizing the oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis of the body in ASP, were studied in 96 patients with nephrolithiasis aged 19 to 40 years. Patients of the comparison group (48 people) underwent basic (according to the standards) treatment aimed at controlling of calculous pyelonephritis. Patients of the main group (48 people) in the traditional conservative therapy from the second day of hospitalization daily received additional LT sessions with apparatus LTA “Uzor-3KS” with a frequency of 0.6 kHz, a power of 1.5 watts within 4 minutes (total for treatment course is eight procedures). The effectiveness of therapy was assessed on the 5th and 9th day of the inpatient stay. Results. It was found that endotoxicosis in non-destructive forms of ASP is caused by the increase in the concentration of malonic dialdehyde of plasma (by 20.3%) and erythrocytes (by 35.5%), decrease in catalase activity (by 14.2%) and the amount of total (by 11.8%) and free (21.1%) thiol groups with a decrease in the detoxification index (DI) by 24,1%. Compared with the baseline therapy (BT), the effectiveness of LT in the complex treatment of ASP in the analyzed parameters of metabolic homeostasis against the background of the increase in catalase capacity from 6.9 to 10.2%, the detoxification index from 5 to 12.5% was 7.5% (on the 5th day) and 17.5% (on the 9th day of treatment). Conclusions. ASP leads to activation of ROS, suppression of antioxidant and catalase activity of blood, reduction of DI, indicating a subcompensated syndrome of EI. Standard therapy contributes to the normalization of ROS and SLA values of body protection and reduces the level of endotoxicosis caused by ASP. Additional inclusion in the complex treatment of LT sessions more significantly normalizes redox metabolic homeostasis and EI parameters, improving the effectiveness of basic therapy.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):149-156
pages 149-156 views

EVALUATION OF THE RATIONALE OF NEFRECTOMY IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PURULENT GESTATIONAL PYELONEPHRITIS

Zhdanova A.N., Pryanichnikova M.B.

Abstract

During the last 2 years, an increase in cases of purulent gestational pyelonephritis with severe course and 20 such cases have been revealed and reported. The average age of the patients was 25 years. The first trimester of pregnancy accounted for 10% of cases, the second - 40%; on the third - 50%. In 30% of women there were bilateral defects of kidneys. All patients were operated on. On the first day 12 of them underwent nephrectomy for carbunculosis; 8 women underwent pre-drainage of the urinary tract, which did not improve their condition, and also resulted in nephrectomy. Two patients had to terminate the pregnancy by Caesarean section at a later date, the children were alive; one of these women performed extirpation of the uterus with appendages, the other was subject to supravaginal amputation of the uterus.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):157-162
pages 157-162 views

MIOROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF UROLITHIASIS OF INFECTIOUS ORIGIN IN SERVICEMEN

Magomedov J.K., Pryanichnikova M.B., Tagozhonov Z.F., Rizoev H.H., Teleeva G.L.

Abstract

This article studies the role of endogenous and exogenous factors in its development. Bacteriological investigation of urine samples of 1208 (100%) patients was performed. All the patients were servicemen of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan, they underwent treatment in three different hospitals in 2010-2016. The results of the research showed that the infectious process is an integral part in development of urolithiasis.
Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2019;19(1-2):163-170
pages 163-170 views

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