Vol 20, No 5-6 (2020)

Clinical Medicine

Features of the microbiota of placenta in full-term pregnancy

Bezrukova A.A., Spiridonova N.V., Kaganova M.A., Galkina D.A.

Abstract

Objective: to study the microbial landscape of the placenta in full-term pregnancy and intact fetal membranes.

Materials and methods. 19 pregnant women in the gestational age of 37-41 weeks with intact membranes underwent elective cesarean section at Samara City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov. Their placental tissues were collected and RT-PCR tests for Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp., Eubacterium spp., Sneathia spp. / Leptotrihia spp. / Fusobacterium spp, Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., Lachnobacterium spp. / Clostridium spp., Mobiluncus spp. / Corynebacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Atopobiumvaginae, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma (urealyticum + parvum), Candida spp., Mycoplasma henitalium were performed.

Results. In case of physiological full-term pregnancy the total bacterial mass can be 103.9-103.7 GE/sample on the placenta, it is a normal variant. Sterile placentas were found in 21.1% of cases. “Unknown” microorganisms were revealed in 52.6% of cases, they were unidentified by the standard panel “Femoflor-16”. In other cases Enterobacteriaceae spp. (102.6 GE/sample) were found in the placental tissues in patients with intact fetal membrane. The presence of Lactobacillus spp. in the placental tissues with intact membranes is not typical.

Conclusion. RT-PCR test allow to reveal a small amount of bacterial mass in the placental tissue in case of physiological full-term pregnancy, in which the representatives of Enterobacteriaceae spp. are often time detected.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):7-14
pages 7-14 views

Analysis of the factors affecting the duration of the latent period from the moment of prelabor rupture of membranes to the onset of labor

Kaganova M.A., Spiridonova N.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Premature rupture of membranes during full-term pregnancy represents an increased risk of septic complications for both the mother and the fetus due to the prolongation of the latency period, the period from the discharge of amniotic fluid till the onset of labor.

Purpose of the study: to assess the factors affecting the duration of the latent period (from the moment of discharge of amniotic fluid to the development of labor) during full-term pregnancy.

Materials and methods. A prospective analysis of the labor of 136 patients with premature rupture of membranes and full-term pregnancy (37-42 weeks) of low and moderate risk groups, without contraindications for vaginal birth was carried out. Patients with Bishop’s cervical score less than or equal to 7 points made up the main group (70 pregnant women). Patients with “mature cervix” were included in the comparison group (66 cases). The analysis of the duration of the latent period was carried out with the use of correlation and regression analysis.

Results. The time from the moment of discharge of amniotic fluid to the onset of regular labor in the group with a cervix ≤7 Bishop points was 7.82 ± 4.53 hours, while in the group with a cervix ≥8 Bishop points it was 4.4 ± 3.23 hours (T = –5.02; p < 0.001). The most significant effect on the duration of the latency period was the assessment of the cervix according to Bishop scale (r = –0.48; p < 0.001), the gestational age was in the second place (r = –0.23; p = 0.08). In patients who didn’t take mifepristone, the main factors influencing the duration of the latency interval were fetal weight (r = –0.31; p = 0.004) and gestational age (r = –0.29; p = 0.008); the increase in these parameters led to the decrease in the latency interval. Women who received 200 mg mifepristone in labour had a significant positive correlation with maternal age (r = 0.36; p = 0.04), negative with maternal weight (r = –0.42; p = 0.01) and cervical Bishop score (r = –0.48; p = 0.004). Women in labor with the longest latency interval, who received mifepristone in a daily dosage of 400 mg, have an inverse correlation for the gestational age (r = –0.39; p = 0.09), connection with the degree of cervical maturity, age, constitutional features, gestational age was not revealed.

Conclusion. The main predictors of the duration of the latency period of premature rupture of membranes at full-term pregnancy were the degree of cervical maturity according to Bishop scale, gestational age and fetal weight at birth.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):15-24
pages 15-24 views

Risk factors for the development ofabnormal uterine bleeding in girls

Kazakova A.V., Lineva O.I., Bogdan Z.V., Mishina A.I., Trupakova A.A., Dufinets I.E., Chipchikova D.A.

Abstract

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AMB) is the most common form of menstrual irregularities in case of gynecological diseases in children. The statistical data over the period of the last five years describing the incidence of AUB in girls aged 10-15 years treated in Togliatti City Clinical Hospital № 5 were analyzed. The study involved 140 girls aged 10-15 years: 30 girls with diagnosed AUB, 110 girls with a normal menstrual cycle. Clinical examination included the study of anamnesis, heredity, the presence of somatic diseases, the course of puberty, the characteristics of menstrual function. An examination was carried out and Tanner scale was used to assess the sexual maturity of the girls. The examination data were included into the specially developed questionnaire of a pediatric gynecologist. The level of reactive and personal anxiety in girls (Spielberger–Khanina, 1999) was also studied. This level was significantly higher in girls with uterine bleeding.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):25-30
pages 25-30 views

Evaluation of the development state of the dento-facial system of the fetus according to data of prenatal ultrasonic screening in the second and third trimester of pregnancy

Postnikov M.A., Balter R.B., Tshelkovich L.S., Dufinets I.E.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the current methods of diagnostics of the dental system of a pregnant woman’s fetus. The use of three-dimensional ultrasonography in pregnant women based on prenatal ultrasound screening opens up new opportunities for preventing serious maxillofacial deformities. The results of our own research allowed us to establish the links and quantitative dependencies for identifying malocclusion risk groups. Literature data on the use of fetal ultrasound diagnostics to assess the state of the fetal dental system are analyzed.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):31-36
pages 31-36 views

Results of using the pessary as the first stage of therapy for genital prolapse in women with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

Teleeva G.I., Balter R.B., Tshelkovich L.S.

Abstract

The paper considers the effectiveness of using pessaries as a part of conservative complex therapy for women with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia for the treatment of genital prolapse. It was found that after 8 weeks of using the pessary in combination with estrogen replacement therapy and drugs involved in the synthesis of collagen, the frequency of individual clinical manifestations of genital prolapse significantly decreases. However, objectively, according to perineometry data, the effectiveness of using the pessary is insufficient, and the pathology requires further surgical treatment.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):37-42
pages 37-42 views

Modeling of hydraulic shock as one of the main risk factors of main arteries atherosclerosis in arrhythmias

Germanova O.A., Germanov V.A., Shchukin Y.V., Germanov A.V., Piskunov M.V., Burmistrov A.E., Yusupov R.Y., Galati G.

Abstract

Introduction. Atherosclerosis is the main reason of cardiocerebral events, its mechanisms and reasons are still being studied. Hydraulic shock in arrhythmias has not been studied before.

Aim. To perform the modeling of hydraulic shock as a risk factor of the main arteries in arrhythmias with original experimental model created by the authors.

Materials and methods. We created the original experimental model, it was used to imitate hydraulic shock in arrhythmias. It imitated the real arterial vessel and it allowed to make intra-vessel circulation of liquid in the regular rhythm and in arrhythmias (extrasystole).

Results. In extrasystolic arrhythmia imitation in the first post-extrasystolic contraction the speed of liquid flow was revealed to rise in mean value 158% in comparison with the regular rhythm.

Conclusion. In extrasystolic arrhythmia during the spread of the wave of the first post-extrasystolic contraction, blood flow accelerates and reflected waves and standing waves form. These hemodynamic changes are characterized by the term “hydraulic shock”. The use of our original experimental model helps to make the wide range of investigations and studies connected with intra-arterial hemodynamics in different conditions of functioning of cardiovascular system.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):43-48
pages 43-48 views

Influence of various medical rehabilitation programs on physical load tolerance in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease after cardiovalvulotomy

Gubich T.S., Sudzhaeva S.G., Kazaeva N.A., Sudzaeva О.A., Kоrniуliuk O.M.

Abstract

The article presents the results of the application of the traditional medical rehabilitation program for patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease after performing surgical correction of valvular defects. It also presents the which allows to differentiate drug treatment of inflammatory changes diagnosed in the early postoperative period. The basis of the physical aspect of the proposed rehabilitation program was the personalized administration of physical training on a stationary bike. It has been proved that the use of the developed medical rehabilitation program helps to increase not only exercise tolerance, but also significantly improves aerobic physical performance, which is a favorable prognostic sign in people of this category.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):49-57
pages 49-57 views

Features of accommodation function in contemporary schoolchildren with progressive myopia

Mahdi A.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to study the state of accommodative function in contemporary schoolchildren using the method of computer accommodation.

We studied 50 children (10-16 years old): 40 with different degrees of myopia and 10 children (control group) with emmetropia. The accommodation was studied with the computer accomodate Righton Speedy-K ver. MF-1. Defined power of accommodative response to accommodative stimulus imposed by calculating a ratio the coefficient of accommodative response (CAR) and the nature of the contraction of the fibers of the ciliary muscle by determining microfluctuations coefficient (CMF).

It was found that in groups of patients with emmetropia and weak myopia, the coefficient of accommodation response and the microfluctuation coefficient exceed the average normal values. Especially pronounced changes in the group of children with mild myopia. In groups of children with moderate and high myopia, the CAR is significantly lower than in mild myopia and emmetropia, while the CMF also exceeds normal values.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):58-62
pages 58-62 views

The use of Ingaron® in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B

Zaytseva E.A., Popova L.L., Konstantinov D.Y.

Abstract

The possibility of antiviral therapy with the direct antiviral drugs Entecavir and Ingaron®, as an antiviral and immunomodulating therapy, was studied in patients with the recurrent chronic viral hepatitis B. The study showed the applicability of this treatment regimen, due to the increase in the number of patients with SVR, high tolerability and the absence of clinically significant side effects.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):63-67
pages 63-67 views

Sequestrectomy in osteonecrosis of the jaws caused by using of the desomorphin

Antakov G.I., Shtraube G.I., Boev I.A.

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to investigate the characteristics of sequestration, to determine the indications for sequestrectomy and the specificity of this surgical intervention in patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw bones, the results of surgical treatment were also evaluated. A retrospective study of 45 patients with osteonecrosis of the jaws aged from 20 to 47 years, observed in the dental clinic of PSMU from 2012 to 2019, including 29 men and 16 women, was conducted. Of these, 19 patients had osteonecrosis of the lower jaw and 8 suffered from osteonecrosis of the upper jaw. They were operated on and sparing sequestrectomy was performed. The early postoperative period was characterized by satisfactory healing: there was no purulent exudation, wound healing was accompanied by the formation of pink granulations in the area of the defect. After the surgery patients almost did not complain of pain and discomfort. Subsequently (averagely 10 days later), marginal epithelialization of the defect was noted. Functional disorders (restriction of mouth opening, dysfunction of swallowing, speech and eating) were not identified. The state of postoperative defects was assessed 3 and 6 months later. Relapse of the disease is not marked. The subjects were sent to an orthopedic dentist to manufacture complex dental-maxillary prosthesis in order to replace the resulting jaw defect and subsequent rehabilitation. The obtained favourable results after sparing sequestrectomy allow to introduce this technique into the list of standard treatment modalities for this group of patients and recommend it as the method of choice for the surgical treatment of osteonecrosis upon condition of complete sequestration.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):68-75
pages 68-75 views

Improving the medical rehabilitation of children with the consequences of congenital unilateral clefts of the upper lip and palate at the stages of orthodontic treatment

Vorozheykina N.A., Postnikov M.A., Karpov A.N.

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the results of the orthodontic stage of medical rehabilitation of patients with the consequences of congenital unilateral clefts in the upper lip and palate. The material for the study was the results of hardware orthodontic treatment of 74 patients (26 boys and 48 girls) with a diagnosis of congenital unilateral cleft of the upper lip and palate. We analyzed 294 diagnostic models, 224 orthopantomograms of patients of two groups. The first group included 51 patients who underwent instrument lengthening and (or) expansion of the dentition of the upper jaw according to a traditional technique. Patients of the second group (23 patients) were treated with new methods proposed by us. It was established that the developed methods of lengthening and expanding the dentition of the upper jaw significantly increase the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment of patients, which was manifested in a reduction in the duration of active hardware treatment and a decrease in the number of complications.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):76-80
pages 76-80 views

The choice of an adhesive system in the practice of a dentist

Postnikov M.A., Shcherbakova E.A., Shcherbakov M.V., Simanovskaya O.E.

Abstract

Adhesive systems have attracted considerable research interest in recent years. The article review the publications devoted to the current state of the problem associated with the applicability of a particular adhesive system in clinical dentistry. The results of the review show that none of the currently available adhesive systems completely satisfy the experts. All systems are not perfect and have some disadvantages. The principles of selection of adhesive systems also been revealed in the article.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):81-88
pages 81-88 views

Assessment of the functional state of the maxillofacial muscles and morphological parameters of the dental system in patients with sagittal occlusion abnormalities

Terekhova K.A., Kuznetsov D.A., Postnikov M.A., Oborotistov N.Y., Kuznetsova G.V.

Abstract

The article analyzes the morphological parameters of the maxillofacial system and muscle tone indicators of the maxillofacial region in patients with a gnatic form of distal occlusion. Correlation analysis of morphological and functional indicators was performed. We examined 22 patients aged 18-25 years with a gnatic form of distal occlusion of the dentition. The examination included clinical examination, cephalometric analysis with the SimplyCeph program, anthropometric analysis of cast dental models, and the functional method of research-myotonometry. Analysis of the results demonstrates decrease in the angular and linear parameters that characterizes the longitudinal dimensions of the lower jaw and the vertical dimensions of the jaws, the total angle of the Bjork and the basal angle. When analyzing the correlation relationship, the relationship between morphological and functional parameters has been noted.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):89-96
pages 89-96 views

The choice of treatment modality at the initial stage of basal sell carcinoma of the midface (literature review)

Trunin D.A., Moskalev E., Postnikov M.A., Gabrielyan A.G., Mahonin A.A.

Abstract

The aim of the research is to study methods and all types of treatment, interpret their advantages and disadvantages, as well as to choose the most effective method to treat initial stages of basal cell carcinoma of the midface.

Materials and methods. This article analyzes and systemizes literature data on the study of methods and techniques for treating of initial stages of basal cell carcinoma of the midface, it also represents contemporary ideas on this issue and highlights the trends of further scientific research.

Results. The presented data show that each treatment method of the initial stages of basal cell carcinoma of the midface is aimed at complete removal of the neoplasm, preservation of organ function, good cosmetic and long-term outcome.

Conclusion. Our data indicate that the most effective method of treating at the initial stages of basal cell carcinoma of the midface is surgery. It responds to all functional and aesthetic requirements, also accounts for remote results.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):97-105
pages 97-105 views

Platelet-rich plasma products in traumatology and orthopaedics: classification issues (literature review)

Kotelnikov G.P., Dolgushkin D.A., Lazarev V.A., Bratiichuk A.N., Bogdanov K.M.

Abstract

In recent years, biological growth factors contained in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from the whole blood have been actively used to regenerate tissues of the musculoskeletal system. There are a lot of methods for preparing PRP, devices and modes for obtaining it, including ready-made services for use in traumatology and orthopedics. A number of well-known protocols miss important points and features of handling biological material, and fail to give clear characteristics of the resulting product. At the same time, there are a number of products that are completely opposite in composition, method, place of application and time of application, which the authors denote as PRP.

In the domestic and foreign literature, several attempts have been made to characterize and classify the types of products containing plasma with platelets as a basis. In this article, we describe the existing systems used to classify PRP drugs, highlight their advantages and disadvantages. Of course, due to the active use of PRP in various fields of medicine, there remains a need for the standardized universal nomenclature for describing biological therapies, as well as for a comprehensive and reproducible classification system for products obtained from autologous blood.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):106-113
pages 106-113 views

Flat and valgus deformation of feet in children: ways of treatment (literature review)

Ryzhov P.V., Pirogova N.V., Bagdulina O.D., Shmelkov A.V.

Abstract

The article reviews the literature devoted to modern methods of treating children with flat-valgus deformity of the feet. The basic concept, etiology, pathogenesis of the disease, methods of conservative and surgical treatment of feet deformities in children are given, conclusions on the topic are presented, special emphasis has been placed on minimally invasive intervention. Currently one of the most popular methods of surgical correction of flat-valgus deformity of the feet in children is subtalar arthroeresis.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):114-118
pages 114-118 views

Cancer care for patients with prostate cancer in the samara region depending on age and method of treatment

Andreeva R.D., Nizamova R.S.

Abstract

Relevance. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common disorder in the male population. According to some authors, prostate cancer is the most commonly defined type of malignant tumor in men. In 2012, the number of men with prostate cancer worldwide reached 1.1 million, which is 15% of all male malignancies.

Objective: to assess the survival rates of patients with prostate cancer in the Samara Region over the period 2010–2014 taking into consideration their age and the given treatment.

Materials and methods. 5220 patients with prostate cancer were identified through 2010–2014. Of these, 4393 people (84.2%) were urban residents, 827 were from rural areas (15.8%). The average age of the subjects was 69.8 years.

Results. Analysis of age distribution demonstrated that the largest group consisted of men aged 65-74 years which is 40.7% (2126 patients). It was found that with increasing age, there was a decrease in both HB and CO. Due to the increase in the number of comorbid diseases with the increase of age the observed survival rate appeared significantly lower than the adjusted one. Radical prostatectomy (RP) resulted in high rates of 5-year adjusted survival. Similar results were obtained in the combination of surgical treatment and drug (hormonal) and radiation treatment. Combining RP with radiation or hormone therapy can be used as a multimodal treatment for high and very high risk PCa. In some patients, radiotherapy was included in the treatment regimen, and it proved its effectiveness. Orchiectomy was often used in patients with advanced prostate cancer. However survival rate became less (53.5%).

Conclusion. By analyzing survival rates, it is possible to improve the organization of anticancer control by identifying risk groups for the development of the disease, choosing the optimal methods of treatment and their individualization.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):119-124
pages 119-124 views

Silicone or polyurethane ureteral stent: assessment of the intensity of stent-related symptoms

Gadzhiev N.K., Petrov S.B., Ivanov A.O., Obidnyak V.M., Grigoriev V.E., Malikiev I.E.

Abstract

Introduction. About 80% of patients with ureteral stents experience symptoms associated with them. We believe that the intensity of stent-assosiated symptoms (SAS) can be reduced by the replacement of the stent material with a less solid one. The aim of our research was to compare the intensity of the symptoms and signs as well as the safety of silicone and poly urethane ureteral stent.

Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients who were divided into two groups. Group A included patients who were placed with polyurethane stents (Rüsch, Teleflex). The experimental group B included patients who were placed with silicone stents (Cook Medical). Specialized questionnaires like pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Overactive Bladder Symptoms (OAB) questionnaires were used to study the patients for SAS severity 1 hour after the stent was placed, in the middle of the observation period and before the stent was removed or ureteroscopy was performed. In addition, each group was assessed for the effectiveness of the stent placement, the presence of hematuria, the number of unscheduled visits to the doctor and the degree of stent incrustation.

Results. A total of 70 patients participated in the study, while the control group A included of 30 patients and experimental group B included 40 patients. Group B participants having silicone ureteral stents showed significantly lower average VAS values 2 weeks before stent removal and shortly before stent removal (p = 0.023 and p = 0.014 respectively). No other comparisons between the two groups were statistically significant.

Conclusions. The obtained findings demonstrate that silicone ureter stents, unlike polyurethane ureter stents, cause less pain according to VAS two weeks before and during the stent removal procedure.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):125-131
pages 125-131 views

Artificial neural network in prediction of pelvic organ prolapse

Galkin A.V., Galkina N.G., Kaganov O.I., Karamysheva N.S., Kalinina E.A., Shapovalov I.S.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using an artificial neural network in predicting pelvic organ prolapse. 180 patients were selected from the urological database, of which 62 had pelvic organ prolapse, in 118 cases prolapse was not detected. Data analysis was carried out with the use of the artificial neural network (ANN). As a result, the most important risk factors or predictors for the development of pelvic organ prolapse include the number of births, the number of pregnancies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prolapse of the heart valves, as well as accessory chords, urinary incontinence before/after childbirth, BMI. Artificial neuron network can potentially be useful in decision-making on the development of preventive measures aimed at the prophylaxis of pelvic organ prolapse.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):132-137
pages 132-137 views

The role of human paillomavirus in the development of squamous urothelial metaplasia

Galkina N.G., Galkin A.V., Kaganov O.I.

Abstract

Squamous metaplasia of the vesical triangle urothelium often accompanies chronic cystitis in women with dysuric simptoms. There is no generally accepted diagnosis and treatment of this condition. The etiological factor is unknown. Thus it is very important to determine the etiological factor in the development of dysuria in women with squamous metaplasia. 50 women with the signs of urothelial squamous metaplasia and persistent or recurrent dysuria for more than 6 months participated in our study. All patients underwent cystoscopy, biopsy was taken from the site suspicious for squamous metaplasia. Urethra scraping was also performed. The samples were tested for the DNA of the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV was found in 41 patients (82%). Consequently, it can be supposed that the human papillomavirus can be the cause of dysuria in women with squamous metaplasia of the vesical triangle.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):138-142
pages 138-142 views

Choosing the method of urine derivation in patients with acute urinary retention: current status of the problem

Alexander A.A., Vinogradov D.S., Tarasov I.V., Gusev D.O., Pochivalov A.S., Mirzoev D.D.

Abstract

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is an acute inability to empty the bladder, despite its overflow with urine and the urge to urinate. According to the literature data, about 10% of men over 70 years old and about 30% of men over 80 years old suffer this disorder. At the same time, almost 90% of men over 45 years have symptoms of the lower urinary tract disorders and can be included into the risk group for developing of AUR in future. The risk of developing of AUR in middle-aged men is approximately 6.8 cases per 1000 men and increases to 34.7 cases in men over 70 years. Urinary retention remains a common cause of emergency hospitalization of patients to urological departments, as well as the most common complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). According to epidemiological studies, 10% of men aged 60-70 years suffer acute urinary retention within 5 years, and their proportion increases up to 30% within 10 years of observation. The main risk factors for the development of AUR in men are old age, the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and prostate volume.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):143-150
pages 143-150 views

Pharmacy

The metrological parameters of diosmin quantitation in pharmaceutical dosage forms

Voronin A.V., Kachalkin M.N., Karpov A.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Pharmaceutical dosage forms with diosmin are allowed for medical use in Russian Federation. Simple and informative methods of diosmin quantitation for drug quality control are needed.

Aim: determination of metrological parameters of diosmin quantitation in pharmaceutical dosage forms by UV-spectrophotometry.

Matherials and methods. The study subjects Venarus®, Detralex® (tablets, suspension), Phlebopha®. Diosmin were quantified by UV-spectrophotometry. The reference-specific absorbance values of diosmin at wavelengths of 268 and 370 nm by the parameters of calibration were determined. Statistical data processing was carried out by the methods of variation statistics, correlation, one-way analysis of variance using computer programs ChemMetr 1.0, ChemMetr Evaluation 1.0, Statistica 6.0 (Statsoft Inc., USA).

Results. The range of diosmin quantitation by UV-spectrophotometry was revealed for the wavelength of 268 nm — 0,0001-0,001%, 370 nm — 0,0002-0,002%. The reference-specific absorbance values for diosmin at the wavelength of 268 and 370 nm in a sodium hydroxide solution 0,02M were 463,0 ± 24,6 and 259,0 ± 9,9 respectively. The mean errors of diosmin concentrations in pharmaceutical dosage forms were revealed for the wavelength of 268 nm — 8-12% and for 370 nm — 6-8%. Prognostic calculation of the sample preparation error (extraction) for diosmin was performed using the example of Detralex® tablets. The sample preparation error was 8%.

Conclusion. The values components of error for reference-specific absorbance value and sample preparation error for diosmin quantitation were determined (as exemplified by the study of Detralex® tablets). Calculation algorithms can be used for error estimation of sample preparation for other multicomponent samples in drug quality control.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):151-156
pages 151-156 views

Spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of metronidazole and itraconazole in a combined preparation made on the basis of Tizol gel

Zamaraeva A.I., Bessonova N.S., Kobeleva T.A., Sichko A.I.

Abstract

Actuality. Nowadays, the problems of effectiveness and accessibility of dermatoprotective therapy and prevention of dermatological diseases are urgent. The complex use of metronidazole in combination with drugs of other pharmacological groups is particularly relevant and promising. The dosage form consisting of 0.1 g of Itraconazole, 0.1 g of metronidazole and Tizol gel up to 10 g, termed by us “Metroitraconazole”, can be used in dermatology, ophthalmology and gynecology as a bactericidal and antifungal agent.

The aim of the study is to develop the method for the quantitative spectrophotometric determination of metronidazole and itraconazole in a soft dosage form on a titanium-containing base. Materials and methods. For the analysis, we used substances, ethanol solutions of Metronidazole and Itraconazole, an ointment with the conditional name “Metroitraconazole”, containing 1.0% of the preparations in the Tizol gel. The study was carried out by spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region, using spectrophotometer SF-2000 (Russia).

Results. The study of the absorption spectra and statistical processing of the finding demontstrated that spectrophotometric determination of Itraconazole and metronidazole demanded the wavelengths of 262 and 312 nm, with a relative error of ±1.52% and ±1.67%, respectively. As a result of the analysis of the soft dosage form, it was determined that the content of metronidazole calculated with the use of Firordt method and a simplified system of equations ranged 0.0987-0.1057 g, and Itraconazole ranged 0.0925-0.1055 g. These data conformed the acceptance criteria.

Conclusion. The conducted research allowed us to develop and propose a method for the quantitative determination of itraconazole and metronidazole in Metroitraconazole ointment by means of spectrophotometric method. It allowed us to determine the content of drugs in the dosage form with an error not exceeding the standard deviations.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):157-163
pages 157-163 views

Comparative analysis of the total quantity of flavonoids in domestic and imported raw material of stevia

Кurdyukov E.E., Semenova E.F., Mitishev A.V., Moiseev Y.P., Kuznetsova A.V.

Abstract

Relevance. Standardization of plant raw material derived from stevia is a topical issue, since this plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) contains sweet diterpene glycosides and is used as a natural sugar substitute. In addition, stevia contains flavonoids which are biologically active compounds that exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and capillary-strengthening properties. Currently, spectrophotometric methods are used to identify and quantify flavonoids in medicinal plants. They are fast, convenient and do not require sophisticated equipment.

The aim of our paper is comparative phytochemical study of the content of the total flavonoids in stevia raw material of different origin.

Materials and methods. The study material was dried stevia leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), grown in the Penza Region, the Republic of Crimea, the Krasnodar territory, and raw materials imported from Paraguay and India. The content of the total flavonoids was estimated by differential spectrophotometry calculated with reference to cynaroside.

Results. The study of the quantity of flavonoids in the raw material of stevia of different origin was carried out. In the presence of aluminum chloride stevia flavonoids form a complex compound at the absorption maximum of 408 ± 2 nm. The content of flavonoids in different species of stevia are found to range from 1.13% to 1.74%.

Conclusion. The obtained results allow to recommend stevia leaves as a source of flavonoids along with other available medicinal plants. It is advisable to classify the complex of flavonoids as the second group of biologically active compounds of stevia leaves.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):164-169
pages 164-169 views

Development of the method for spectrophotometric quantitative determination of the total flavonoids in Bupleurum multinerve herb

Petukhova S.A., Posokhina A.A., Mirovich V.M.

Abstract

The article presents the method for the quantitative determination of flavonoids for the analysis of Bupleurum multinerve herb based on the method of differential spectrophotometry. The optimal conditions for analysis have been determined. They include extractant 40% ethyl alcohol, ratio of raw materials and extractant 1 : 100, extraction time of 60 minutes in the boiling water bath, complexing agent of 1 ml of 2% aluminum chloride. The use of rutin as a standard has been experimentally validated, analytical wavelength is 412 nm. The relative error of the mean result (for n = 9) was ±3.20%. Validation studies of the method have shown that it meets the criteria: linearity (r = 0.99988), correctness, specificity, and precision. The analytical range of the method is 8.67–26.08 μg/ml. The method is recommended for the inclusion into the new edition of the Pharmacopoeia Monograph for this type of plant material.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):170-174
pages 170-174 views

Assessment of the applicability of primarily identified natural luminescent bacteria, isolated from the azov and the black seas, to determine the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics

Safronyuk S.L., Samolyuk V.V., Milova A.M., Havrichenko Y.Y., Katsev A.M.

Abstract

Five isolates of luminous bacteria from aquatic organisms of the Azov and the Black Seas were isolated. The study of morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical properties showed that isolates M1 and M4 were the representatives of the species harveyi, and isolates Fb, Sh1, and B were the representatives of the species P. leiognathi. It was found that the strain P. leiognathi Sh1 was the most sensitive to zinc sulfate when studying its effect on allocated luminescent bacteria. The effective concentration that reduced the bioluminescent index (BLI) by 50% (EC50) for zinc sulfate, when exposed to the test strain, was 4,0 ± 0,1 μg/ml. Experimental data allowed to consider the strain P. leiognathi Sh1 to be the test-object for determining the antimicrobial activity of benzylpenicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline and ceftriaxone. The results of evaluating the effect of antibiotics on the test object, revealed that after 15 minutes of incubation, the BLI values decreased by 50% only in samples containing benzylpenicillin, gentamicin, and tetracycline. Their EC50 were 500.0, 283.0 and 28.5 μg/ml respectively. It was found that the exposure of test-strain to all antibacterial agents demonstrated resulted in decrease in BLI by 100% as compared to the control values. Strain P. leiognathi Sh1 can be used as a test-object for determining the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):175-183
pages 175-183 views

The study of amino acid composition of roots of dandlion (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.) growing in the North Caucasus

Suschenko A.O., Kompantseva E.V.

Abstract

Aim. Being an integral part of proteins, amino acids are involved in all physiological processes in the human body. Plants being an accessible source of biologically active substances, there is a need to study medicinal plant raw material containing amino acids that are interchangeable and essential for the human body.

Materials and methods. Air-dry roots of dandelion (Тaraxacum officinale Wigg.) collected on the slopes of mount Mashuk (Pyatigorsk) in April and September 2018 were studied. They were cleared of traces of soil. To determine the bound forms of amino acids the raw material was prepared by hydrolysis during heating. Data about the composition and amount of amino acids in the analyzed samples of dandelion roots were obtained by means of the system of capillary electrophoresis “Drops-105”. Processing of the data was carried out with the use of the computer program Multichrom for Windows.

Results and discussion. 13 free amino acids were found in the roots of dandelion, of which 7 were nonessential (α-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid, arginine, proline) and 6 were essential amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, β-phenylalanine). Bound amino acids were found to include 8 nonessential amino acids (α-alanine, glycine, serine, tyrosine, arginine, Proline, glutamic and aspartic acid) and 6 essential ones (valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, threonine, β-phenylalanine). The amount of free and bound amino acids in the roots of dandelion collected in April is about 1.4% by weight of the raw material and reaches 3.5% in the roots collected in September.

Conclusion. The qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids in dandelion roots growing in the North Caucasus has been studied. The detected amino acids make a certain contribution to the total pharmacological effect of this type of medicinal plant raw material.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):184-190
pages 184-190 views

Quantitative determination of water-soluble polysaccharides in the aerial part of Potentilla anserina L.

Tyutrina E.S., Saveleva E.E., Kurbatsky V.I.

Abstract

The article presents the gravimetric technique which was developed for the quantitative determination of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS) in the aerial part of Potentilla goose (Potentilla anserina).

The purpose of the work was to develop the method of the quantitative determination of WSPS and the determination of their content in the aerial part of Potentilla anserina L., collected in various regions of Siberian federal district.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was the aerial part of Potentilla anserina L, collected in June during flowering. To develop the method for the quantitative determination of the WSPS, herb mixtures collected in 2016 in vil. Verkhneussinskoe of Ermakovsky district, Krasnoyarsk Territory were studied. The amount of WSPS was determined in the above-ground part of Potentilla anserina L., collected during flowering in June 2017 in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (vil. Sliznevo), Tomsk Region (Tomsk Region), and the Republic of Buryatia (Zaigraevsky District, vil. Staraya Bryan). The above-ground parts were air dried in the shade. Determination of water-soluble polysaccharides was carried out gravimetrically in order to determine the optimal conditions for the maximum yield of water-soluble polysaccharides There was some variety in the degree of grinding of raw material, raw material / extractant index, extraction ratio, the ratio of “extraction and ethyl alcohol 95%.”

Results. The greatest amount of water-soluble polysaccharides was extracted in the following conditions: the degree of grinding of raw material of 0.5-1.0 mm; the ratio of “raw material and extractant” was 1 : 10; the extraction rate was 5; the ratio of “extraction and ethyl alcohol 95%” was 1 : 4. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides was 7.55 ± 0.36%, the analysis error did not exceed 5%.

Conclusion. A gravimetric technique for the quantitative determination of water-soluble polysaccharides in the aerial part of P. anserina L has been developed. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides in the aerial part of P. anserina L. collected in various regions of the Siberian Federal District ranges from 5.95% (Krasnoyarsk Region) to 10.25% (Republic of Buryatia), the analysis error does not exceed 5%.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):191-196
pages 191-196 views

The study of the effect of Thymus serpyllum extract on the mitotic activity of cells by means of Allium test

Sheremetyeva A.S., Kotuleva V.G.

Abstract

Topicality. Extract of Thymus serpyllum L. exerts a wide range of biologically active properties, for example, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, analgesic, and antioxidant. However, there is no information about the effect of its water-alcohol extraction on cell proliferation.

The aim of the research was to study the effect of Thymus serpyllum extract in concentrations of 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.2, 3.1, 1.5 mg/ml on the mitotic activity of cells with the application of Allium test.

Materials and methods. The bulbs of Allium cepa L., species Stuttgart Riesen, were used in the experiment. Bulbs were sprouted for three days in thyme extracts with different concentrations of extractives. The experiment was repeated five times. Eight groups were studied in each series: distilled water as negative control, dioxidine 100 mg/ml as positive control, the extract of Thymus serpyllum in concentrations 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.2, 3.1, 1.5 mg/ml. The toxic effect was evaluated by measuring the root length, and the mitotic activity was evaluated by calculating the mitotic index without cells at the prophase stage.

Results. The longest roots were observed in the extract concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, but their length was less than that of bulbs that sprouted in the negative control. The highest value without the prophase index was also found at the extraction concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, and the values were similar to those in the negative control. The shortest roots were observed in the extract concentration of 6.2 mg/ml; their length was comparable to the positive control. The lowest values without the prophase index were revealed in the extraction concentration of 6.2 mg/ml and were similar to the values in the negative control. The bulbs that were exposed to water-alcohol extract of Thymus serpyllum in concentrations of extractives 1.5, 25.0, 50.0 mg/ml had no roots.

Conclusion. Thymus serpyllum extract reduces the mitotic activity of cells in concentrations of 1.5-6.2 mg/ml. The inverse dependence of the root length and the non-prophase index on the concentration of water- alcohol extract of Thymus serpyllum has been established.

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2020;20(5-6):197-202
pages 197-202 views

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies