Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)Российский журнал правовых исследований2410-75222410-4965Eco-Vector10656210.17816/RJLS106562ReviewОбзорыReview ArticleMain Problems and Development Trends in Nuclear ForensicsОсновные проблемы и тенденции развития ядерной криминалистикиNitreanAlina I.НитрянАлина Ивановна
Moldova, Republic of

подполковник, начальник отдела по менеджменту качества

nitreanalina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4360-1258StebelkovVladimir A.СтебельковВладимир Альвианович
Russian Federation

PhD

кандидат технических наук

v.stebelkov@lma.suForensic and Legal Expertise CenterТехнико-криминалистический центр судебных экспертизLaboratory for Microparticle AnalysisНП «Лаборатория анализа микрочастиц»1807202292971062004202221042022Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор2022Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/en/for_authors.php#07https://journals.eco-vector.com/2410-7522/article/view/106562

An analysis of the materials and reports on international forums organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency resulted in the compilation of a description of incidents involving illicit trafficking in nuclear and other radioactive materials (NRM). Mistakes made during the incident investigations were revealed, which include the lack of interaction between NRM specialists, forensic experts, and law enforcement agencies during the investigation of criminal cases, collection, examination of evidence, and formulation of insufficiently justified conclusions. The informativeness of the analytical methods is shown, the most informative of them are identified; further, the directions for the development of the methodological support of the forensic examination of nuclear weapons are determined. Additionally, the approaches of training in the field of nuclear forensics and the possibilities of involving the resources of international organizations in this activity are identified.

На основе анализа материалов и докладов на международных форумах, организованных Международным агентством по атомной энергии, составлена характеристика инцидентов с незаконным оборотом ядерных и других радиоактивных материалов (ЯРМ). Выявлены некоторые ошибки, совершенные при расследовании инцидентов: отсутствие взаимодействия специалистов по ЯРМ с экспертами-криминалистами, правоохранительными органами при расследовании уголовных дел, отборе и исследовании вещественных доказательств, формулирование недостаточно обоснованных выводов по результатам выполненных анализов. Показана информативность аналитических методов, определены наиболее информативные из них, приведены направления развития методического обеспечения криминалистической экспертизы ЯРМ. Выявлены подходы к подготовке кадров для ядерной криминалистики и возможности привлечения к этой деятельности ресурса международных и иностранных организаций.

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