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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал правовых исследований</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2410-7522</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2410-4965</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">690127</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RJLS690127</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VGXXRZ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Public law</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Публично-правовые (государственно-правовые) науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Legal forms of discretion of public authorities</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Правовые формы реализации дискреционных полномочий органов публичной власти</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0465-5540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radzhabova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раджабова</surname><given-names>Елена Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rajabovae@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-05"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-10"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-09-29"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/en/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2410-7522/article/view/690127">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2410-7522/article/view/690127</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper delves into legal mechanisms that shape the discretionary powers of public authorities in relation to the existing conflict of a demand for freedom of discretion for effective administration and the risk of its abuse. The author examines discretion in law-making (legislation, judicial and administrative rule-making) and law enforcement (individual and tacit acts, public law contracts) practices. The paper focuses on specific forms of discretion, including judicial control over discretion legality and delegation of powers. The paper identifies and analyzes constitutional principles limiting discretion authorities (legal certainty, proportionality, maintaining individuals’ trust in the law and public authorities, and consistent legal regulation). The analysis of case law identifies the criteria of the legality of discretionary decisions and actions (reasonableness, necessity, and legitimate purpose). The study was based on the works of Russian constitutional and administrative law scholars. The methods included dialectic, formal legal, and comparative legal approaches, allowing to consider the development of discretion and the relationship between their form and content. The author concludes that discretion as a requisite of responsibility requires institutionalization, which implies formalization of its types, procedures, and scope as a necessary condition for preventing abuse, ensuring a balance between private and public interests, and increasing the performance of public administration.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье проводится анализ правовых форм реализации дискреционных полномочий органов публичной власти, обусловленный существующим противоречием между необходимостью свободы усмотрения для эффективного публичного управления и риском злоупотребления ею. Автор исследует проявление дискреции в правотворческой (законотворчество, судебное и административное нормотворчество) и правоприменительной (индивидуальные и конклюдентные акты, публично-правовые договоры) практике. Особое внимание уделено специфическим формам реализации дискреции — судебному контролю за законностью дискреционных актов и делегированию полномочий. В работе определены и проанализированы конституционные принципы, ограничивающие дискреционные полномочия (правовая определенность, соразмерность, поддержание доверия граждан к закону и действиям органов публичной власти, стабильность правового регулирования). На основе анализа судебной практики выделены критерии оценки законности дискреционных решений и действий (разумность, необходимость, законная цель). Теоретической основой исследования послужили труды отечественных ученых в области конституционного и административного права. Методологическую базу составили диалектический, формально-юридический и сравнительно-правовой методы, позволившие рассмотреть дискреционные полномочия в развитии и взаимосвязи их формы и содержания. Вывод автора заключается в том, что дискреция как необходимый элемент компетенции требует институционализации, подразумевающей нормативное закрепление ее форм, процедур и пределов, что является необходимым условием для предотвращения произвола, обеспечения баланса частых и публичных интересов, повышения эффективности публичного управления.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>discretion</kwd><kwd>lawmaking</kwd><kwd>law enforcement</kwd><kwd>judicial control</kwd><kwd>delegation of powers</kwd><kwd>principles of legal regulation</kwd><kwd>public authorities</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дискреционные полномочия</kwd><kwd>правотворчество</kwd><kwd>правоприменение</kwd><kwd>судебный контроль</kwd><kwd>делегирование полномочий</kwd><kwd>принципы правового регулирования</kwd><kwd>органы публичной власти</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Avakian SA. 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