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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский журнал правовых исследований</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2410-7522</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2410-4965</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">690498</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RJLS690498</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">CNEJDG</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Criminal law</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Уголовно-правовые науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The institute of extradition in Russian and international law</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Институт экстрадиции в российском и международном праве</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8450-9732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>Sergey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>Сергей Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>s.e.ponomarev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Prosecutor's office of the Omsk region</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Прокуратура Омской области</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-16"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-24"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-09-29"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2410-7522/article/view/690498">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2410-7522/article/view/690498</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper scrutinizes the historical evolution of extradition as a legal concept in Russian and international law, pinpoints shortcomings in current legal regulation, and suggests the conceptualization and incorporation of the concept of a political offence in the European Convention on Extradition. The study revealed that legal regulations of matters related to filing requests for extradition of individuals to the Russian Federation for criminal prosecution and sentence enforcement are insufficient. As a result, investigators lack a clear understanding of the course of action in the event when extradition is required and do not have the skills required to draw up relevant procedural documents. It has been proposed to draft and pass a law on extradition. This will eliminate legal gaps, streamline the request procedure, and establish a list of required documents and powers of investigative authorities. We consider it essential to make and officially establish a list of bodies of crimes provided by the criminal laws of the Russian Federation for which a perpetrator hiding in a foreign state may be subjected to extradition. It is crucial to amend regulatory provisions by limiting political grounds for refusing extradition and introducing liability for breaching the international treaties. Strengthening the legal framework will contribute to higher performance of law enforcement cooperation and fewer cases of unreasonable extradition refusals.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассмотрены вопросы становления института экстрадиции в российском и международном праве, выявлены недостатки в правовом регулировании, сформулированы предложения о разработке и включении в Европейскую конвенцию о выдаче понятия политического преступления. Проведенное исследование показало, что правовое регулирование вопросов, связанных с направлением запросов о выдаче Российской Федерации лиц для уголовного преследования и исполнения наказания, является недостаточным, вследствие чего следователи нечетко представляют себе алгоритм действий в случае возникновения ситуации, требующей экстрадиции обвиняемого, не владеют техникой составления необходимых уголовно-процессуальных документов. Сформулировано предложение о разработке и принятии закона «Об экстрадиции». Такая законодательная инициатива позволит устранить правовые пробелы, обеспечить унификацию процедуры подачи запросов, закрепить перечень необходимых документов и полномочий следственных органов. Актуальной представляется задача законодательного определения перечня составов преступлений, предусмотренных уголовным законодательством Российской Федерации, при наличии которых совершившее их лицо, скрывающееся на территории иностранного государства, может быть предметом экстрадиционного запроса. Отмечается необходимость коррекции нормативных норм в части ограничения политических мотивов для отказа в выдаче, а также введения механизма ответственности за несоблюдение международных договоров. Укрепление правовой базы будет способствовать повышению эффективности взаимодействия правоохранительных органов и снижению случаев отказов в экстрадиции по необоснованным причинам.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extradition</kwd><kwd>Old Russian law</kwd><kwd>extradition of criminals</kwd><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>European Convention on Extradition</kwd><kwd>political crime</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстрадиция</kwd><kwd>древнерусское право</kwd><kwd>выдача преступников</kwd><kwd>международное законодательство</kwd><kwd>Европейская конвенция о выдаче</kwd><kwd>политическое преступление</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Goncharenko AI. To the question of the primary source of the institute of extradition in Russia. Society and Law. 2014;(4):64–66.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Nagdaliev KhZ. 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