Oxidative stress indexes as potential biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease activity

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Abstract

A key innovation of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) in 2026 became the concept of “COPD activity”. Increasing of disease activity leads to disease progression, and assessing this parameter requires searching for specific biomarkers.

The aim: to evaluate the value of 8-isoprostane and melatonin as biomarkers of COPD activity.

Material and methods. One hundred patients in the acute phase of COPD (69 males and 31 female, clinical group E, mean age 60.5 [52.5; 68.5] years) were examined. Changes in salivary melatonin and serum 8-isoprostane levels were assessed. A correlation analysis was made between these biomarkers and the clinical and functional parameters of patients, including the frequency of hospitalizations after one year.

Results. A direct correlation was established between salivary melatonin levels and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEF), and an inverse correlation was found with the modified mMRC score. Serum 8-isoprostane levels were inversely correlated with the six-minute walk test results and spirometry parameters – FVC, FEV1, and peak expiratory flow rate 25, 50, and 75% (MOC25, MOC50, and MOC75). A direct correlation was found between 8-isoprostane concentrations and CAT and mMRC scores. By day 10, a decrease in 8-isoprostane levels and an increase in melatonin levels were observed. These results indicate the oxidant properties of 8-isoprostane and the antioxidant activity of melatonin. After one year of follow-up, statistically significant associations were found between the levels of these biomarkers and the frequency of hospitalizations.

Conclusion. The obtained data confirm that 8-isoprostane and melatonin may serve as promising biomarkers for monitoring COPD activity.

About the authors

Andrey V. Budnevsky

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: avbudnevski@vrngmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1171-2746
SPIN-code: 7381-0612
Scopus Author ID: 6506507539

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, Honoured Inventor of the Russian Federation, vice-rector for research and innovation, head of the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Sergey N. Avdeev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: serg_avdeev@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5999-2150
SPIN-code: 1645-5524
Scopus Author ID: 7003292838

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, academician of RAS, director of the Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Clinic, head of the Department of pulmonology, head of the Clinical Department, Research Institute of Pulmonology of FMBA of Russia; chief pulmonologist of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

Russian Federation, Moscow

Evgeny S. Ovsyannikov

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: ovses@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8545-6255
SPIN-code: 7999-0433
Scopus Author ID: 57189011728

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor of the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Andrey Ya. Kravchenko

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: drkay@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0297-1735
SPIN-code: 8452-1318
Scopus Author ID: 56684358500

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor of the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Karina V. Vostrikova

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: prudnikova.2012@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2103-5328
SPIN-code: 9777-0358

MD, assistant at the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Alexander V. Pertsev

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: pertsev.vrn@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8984-1831
SPIN-code: 1432-9076
Scopus Author ID: 58096896200

MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

Sofya N. Feigelman

N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

Email: s.feygelman@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4128-6044
SPIN-code: 1645-1203
Scopus Author ID: 58996057900

MD, PhD (Medicine), assistant at the Department of faculty therapy

Russian Federation, Voronezh

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