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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Therapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Therapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2412-4036</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-1823</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">276874</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/therapy.2022.10.98-105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cellular and molecular mechanisms of COVID-19 pathogenesis, systemic dysregulation and therapy targets</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клеточные и молекулярные механизмы патогенеза COVID-19, системная дизрегуляция и мишени терапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gomazkov</surname><given-names>Oleg A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомазков</surname><given-names>Олег Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of biological sciences, professor, chief researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>oleg-gomazkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">V.N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт биомедицинской химии им. В.Н. Ореховича»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>10</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 8, NO10 (2022)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 8, №10 (2022)</issue-title><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-02-22"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/276874">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/276874</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Accumulated clinical experience shows that the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19 has a huge range of manifestations. The key component of this pathogenesis is endothelial dysfunction and dysregulation of multiple molecular and cellular control systems for blood coagulation, microhemodynamics, diffusion, hyperinflammation, and immunothrombosis, which is referred to in this review as «storm-2». From the viewpoint of pathophysiology, COVID-19 is a dissonance of a large number of cellular and molecular components, functional details that make up homeostasis, which, under conditions of viral aggression, work as a sequential destruction system. The processes of biochemical and cellular disorganization caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus reflect the key links in the pathogenesis of a new coronavirus infection. Identification of these links determines the search for effective approaches to the treatment of COVID-19 using both traditional and innovative curative facilities.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Накопленный клинический опыт свидетельствует о том, что патогенез респираторного дистресс-синдрома у пациентов с COVID-19 имеет огромный диапазон проявлений. Ключевой составляющей этого патогенеза служит дисфункция эндотелия и дизрегуляция множественных молекулярных и клеточных систем контроля свертывания крови, микрогемодинамики, диффузии, гипервоспаления, иммунотромбоза, которая обозначается в представленном обзоре как «шторм-2». С точки зрения патофизиологии COVID-19 есть диссонанс большого числа клеточных и молекулярных компонентов, функциональных деталей, составляющих гомеостаз, которые в условиях вирусной агрессии работают как последовательная система уничтожения. Процессы биохимических и клеточных дезорганизаций, вызываемых коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, отражают ключевые звенья патогенеза новой коронавирусной инфекции. Выявление этих звеньев определяет поиск эффективных подходов к терапии COVID-19 с использованием как традиционных, так и инновационных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19 pandemic</kwd><kwd>«cytokine storm»</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>multiple organ complications</kwd><kwd>immunothrombosis</kwd><kwd>«storm-2»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd><kwd>«цитокиновый шторм»</kwd><kwd>дисфункция эндотелия</kwd><kwd>полиорганные осложнения</kwd><kwd>иммунотромбоз</kwd><kwd>«шторм-2»</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>da Rosa Mesquita R., Francelino Silva Junior L.C., Santos Santana F.M. et al. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in the general population: Systematic review. 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