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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Therapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Therapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2412-4036</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-1823</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">683391</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/therapy.2025.2.69-77</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Predictors of anemia development in long-lasting post-COVID syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Предикторы развития анемии при длительном постковидном синдроме</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-5186</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1044-0503</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Koziolova</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козиолова</surname><given-names>Наталья Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, head of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней № 2</p></bio><email>nakoziolova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0051-6694</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2387-6781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyavina</surname><given-names>Anna I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернявина</surname><given-names>Анна Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней № 2</p></bio><email>anna_chernyavina@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3364-0591</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4394-5330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Masalkina</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масалкина</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of internal medicine propaedeutics No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней № 2</p></bio><email>omasalkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-8826</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4204-6796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnin</surname><given-names>Dmitry Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соснин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor of the Department of faculty therapy No. 2, occupational pathology and clinical laboratory diagnostics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры факультетской терапии № 2, профессиональной патологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><email>sosnin_dm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician E.A. Wagner Perm State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. академика Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-08"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-08"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bionika Media</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/683391">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/683391</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Prevalence and significance of anemia in COVID-19, especially in post-COVID period, have not been studied sufficiently. Data on the frequency and prognostic role of this condition in patients in the post-COVID period are contradictory. One of the promising directions in cardiology and therapy is the study of anemia development predictors in patients with shortness of breath who have had a novel coronavirus infection (NCVI).</p> <p><bold>The aim: </bold>to determine predictors of anemia development in patients with shortness of breath in long-lasting post-COVID syndrome.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>From March 2020 to August 2023, 878 patients visited a pulmonologist in outpatient clinic for dyspnea ≥ 3 months after NCVI. 205 persons of them who met the inclusion criteria and had no exclusion criteria were selected for the study. Anemia was registered in 35 (17.1%) of them (Group 1), the remaining 170 (82.9%) participants did not have this condition (Group 2).</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>Patients who underwent NCVI in the group with hemoglobin level of ≤ 129 g/l in males and ≤ 119 g/l in females had a statistically significantly lower level of serum iron in the limit of normal range. A strong direct correlation was found between hemoglobin and serum iron (r = 0.479, p &lt; 0.05). Patients with anemia were statistically more likely to have in anamnesis NCVI with pneumonia, NCVI with pneumonia and hospitalization, NCVI with intensive care unit stay, as well as a prolonged clinical course of NCVI of ≥ 12 weeks. In addition, in the 1st group of the study, a statistically significantly lower glomerular filtration rate in the range of 45–59 ml / min. / 1.73 m<sup>2</sup> was recorded.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The development of anemia was associated with more severe forms of previous NCVI complicated by pneumonia with hospitalization. Anemia more often developed in patients over 60 years old, it was accompanied by metabolic disorders and concomitant pathology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Распространенность и значимость анемии при COVID-19, особенно в постковидный период, изучены недостаточно. Данные о частоте и прогностической роли этого состояния у пациентов в постковидном периоде противоречивы. Одно из перспективных направлений в кардиологии и терапии – изучение предикторов развития анемии у больных с одышкой, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию (НКВИ).</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> – определить предикторы развития анемии у больных с одышкой при длительном постковидном синдроме.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> С марта 2020 г. по август 2023 г. в поликлинику к пульмонологу по поводу одышки спустя ≥ 3 мес. после перенесенной НКВИ обратились 878 пациентов, из которых в исследование были отобраны 205 человек, соответствовавших критериям включения и не имевших критериев невключения. У 35 (17,1%) из них была выявлена анемия (1-я группа), остальные 170 (82,9%) участников не имели этого состояния (2-я группа).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Пациенты, перенесшие НКВИ, в группе с уровнем гемоглобина ≤ 129 г/л у мужчин и ≤ 119 г/л у женщин имели статистически значимо более низкий уровень сывороточного железа в диапазоне нормальных значений. Между показателями гемоглобина и сывороточного железа установлена высокой силы прямая взаимосвязь (r = 0,479, p &lt; 0,05). У пациентов с анемией статистически значимо чаще отмечались перенесенная НКВИ с пневмонией, НКВИ с пневмонией и госпитализацией, НКВИ с нахождением в палате интенсивной терапии, а также затяжное течение НКВИ ≥ 12 нед. Кроме этого, в 1-й группе с исследования зафиксирована статистически значимо более низкая скорость клубочковой фильтрации в диапазоне 45–59 мл / мин. / 1,73 м<sup>2</sup>.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Развитие анемии было взаимосвязано с более тяжелыми формами перенесенной НКВИ, осложненной пневмонией с госпитализацией, анемия чаще развивалась у пациентов старше 60 лет, сопровождалась метаболическими нарушениями и сопутствующей патологией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shortness of breath</kwd><kwd>anemia</kwd><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>одышка</kwd><kwd>анемия</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Veronese N., Segala F.V., Carruba L. et al. Anemia as a risk factor for disease progression in patients admitted for COVID-19: Data from a large, multicenter cohort study. 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