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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Therapy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Therapy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2412-4036</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-1823</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Bionika Media</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">707696</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18565/therapy.2026.3.16-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Сharacteristics of respiratory dysfunction in patients with myasthenia gravis based on a comprehensive functional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика респираторной дисфункции у пациентов с миастенией гравис по данным комплексного функционального исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0877-6554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">8899447500</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3582-5784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>Galina L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>Галина Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), head of the Department of therapy of the Institute of continuing professional education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., заведующая кафедрой терапии Института дополнительного профессионального образования</p></bio><email>iglign@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3531-3491</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56638963000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5660-2160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>Vladimir N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Владимир Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor of the Department of therapy of the Institute of continuing professional education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор кафедры терапии Института дополнительного профессионального образования</p></bio><email>ant-vn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5848-7235</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56299533100</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2177-2908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpova</surname><given-names>Maria I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпова</surname><given-names>Мария Ильинична</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), head of the Department of nervous system diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., заведующая кафедрой нервных болезней</p></bio><email>kmi_2008@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3484-6165</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55883722500</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7724-5024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Светлана Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of nervous system diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры нервных болезней</p></bio><email>sveta_step@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0570-1135</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">5663904700</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9783-2231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of therapy of the Institute of continuing professional education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., доцент кафедры терапии Института дополнительного профессионального образования</p></bio><email>olgalim0505@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7414-3804</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">59374200200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7879-1759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belogorokhov</surname><given-names>Veniamin S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белогорохов</surname><given-names>Вениамин Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, senior laboratory assistant at the Institute of pulmonology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший лаборант Института пульмонологии</p></bio><email>benjaminbelogorohov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0025-342X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Darya K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Дарья Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, resident of the Department of nervous system diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры нервных болезней</p></bio><email>romdarkon0908@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6147-1483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashigina</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашигина</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, assistant at the Department of nervous system diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры нервных болезней болезней</p></bio><email>annnkashigina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-21"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-21"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, “Bionika Media” LLC</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">“Bionika Media” LLC</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Бионика Медиа»</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/707696">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2412-4036/article/view/707696</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which respiratory muscle weakness is manifesting itself as a life-threatening condition. However, data on comprehensive assessment of respiratory function using modern methods are rare.</p> <p><bold>The aim:</bold> to study the prevalence and nature of respiratory dysfunction in patients with MG.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>A cross-sectional study included 66 patients (21 male and 45 females) with MG. The mean age of the participants was 57.0 ± 17.9 years, and the median disease duration was 8 [4; 12] years. Patients underwent a 6-minute walk test (SMWT), mMRC dyspnea estimation, spirometry, body plethysmography, pulse oscillometry, measurement of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP), and diffusing capacity of lungs (DLCO).</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The most common disorder was a decrease in respiratory muscle strength: MIP &lt; 80% in 65.6%, MEP &lt; 80% – 50.8% in the studied patients with MG. Restrictive disorders according to spirometry data (forced vital capacity &lt; 80%) were detected in 22.7%, according to body plethysmography data (total lung capacity &lt; 80%) – in 17.7% of patients, obstructive disorders (the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity &lt; 70%) – in 18.2% of participants. Hyperinflation (the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity &gt;40%) was noted in 24.2%, a decrease in inspiratory capacity &lt; 80% – in 41.9% of patients. Among patients, in whom with pulmonary diffusion capacity assessment was performed (n = 7), decreased DLCO and alveolar volume were observed in 85% of cases, and decreased KCO (the ratio of DLCO to alveolar volume) in 28.6%. According to pulse oscillometry data (n = 24), increased respiratory resistance at 5 Hz (R5 &gt;120%) was recorded in 50% of patients, and an increase in resonance frequency (Fres &gt;100%) was observed in 58.3% of participants. Decreased exercise tolerance (SMWT &lt; 500 m) was observed in 42.4%, clinically significant dyspnea (mMRC ≥2) in 25.7%, significant symptoms according to MG-ADL (≥6 points) in 34.8% of patients.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The study results demonstrate a high frequency of functional disorders in patients with myasthenia gravis. Obtained data substantiate the need to integrate pulmonary screening into the standard care of patients with neuromuscular disorders.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Миастения гравис (МГ) – аутоиммунное заболевание, при котором слабость дыхательной мускулатуры является жизнеугрожающим состоянием, однако данные о комплексной оценке функции внешнего дыхания с использованием современных методов немногочисленны.</p> <p><bold>Цель </bold>– изучить распространенность и характер нарушений функции внешнего дыхания у пациентов с МГ.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> В одномоментное исследование были включены 66 пациентов (21 мужчина и 45 женщин) с МГ. Средний возраст участников составил 57,0 ± 17,9 года, медиана продолжительности заболевания – 8 [4; 12] лет. У пациентов проводились тест с 6-минутной ходьбой (ТШХ), оценка одышки по шкале mMRC, спирометрия, бодиплетизмография, импульсная осциллометрия, измерение максимального давления вдоха и выдоха (MIP, MEP) и диффузионной способности легких (DLCO).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Наиболее частым нарушением оказалось снижение силы дыхательных мышц: MIP &lt; 80% – у 65,6%, MEP &lt; 80% – у 50,8% исследованных пациентов с МГ. Рестриктивные нарушения по данным спирометрии (форсированная жизненная емкость легких &lt; 80%) были выявлены у 22,7%, по данным бодиплетизмографии (общая емкость легких &lt; 80%) – у 17,7% пациентов, обструктивные нарушения (отношение объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду к форсированной жизненной емкости легких &lt; 70%) – у 18,2% участников. Гиперинфляция (отношение остаточного объема к общей емкости легких &gt;40%) отмечена у 24,2%, снижение емкости вдоха &lt; 80% – у 41,9% больных. Среди пациентов, у которых оценивалась диффузионная способность легких (n = 7), снижение DLCO и альвеолярного объема наблюдалось в 85%, уменьшение KCO (отношения DLCO к альвеолярному объему) – в 28,6% случаев. По данным импульсной осциллометрии (n = 24), повышение респираторного сопротивления на частоте 5 Гц (R5 &gt;120%) было зафиксировано у 50%, повышение резонансной частоты (Fres &gt;100%) – у 58,3% участников. Снижение толерантности к нагрузке (ТШХ &lt; 500 м) имело место у 42,4%, клинически значимая одышка (mMRC ≥2) – у 25,7%, значимые симптомы по MG-ADL (≥6 баллов) – у 34,8% пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты исследования демонстрируют высокую частоту функциональных нарушений у пациентов с МГ. Полученные данные обосновывают необходимость интеграции пульмонологического скрининга в стандарт ведения пациентов с нейромышечными нарушениями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myasthenia gravis</kwd><kwd>pulmonary function</kwd><kwd>body plethysmography</kwd><kwd>pulse oscillometry</kwd><kwd>assessment of lung diffusion capacity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миастения гравис</kwd><kwd>функция внешнего дыхания</kwd><kwd>бодиплетизмография</kwd><kwd>импульсная осциллометрия</kwd><kwd>оценка диффузионной способности легких</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>García Estevez DA, Pardo Fernandez J. Myasthenia gravis. Update on diagnosis and therapy. Med Clin (Barc). 2023;161(3):119–27. PMID: 37248131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2023.04.006</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Claytor B, Cho SM, Li Y. Myasthenic crisis. 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