Преимущества и проблемы физической активности во время пандемии COVID-19

Обложка

Цитировать

Полный текст

Открытый доступ Открытый доступ
Доступ закрыт Доступ предоставлен
Доступ закрыт Доступ платный или только для подписчиков

Аннотация

Карантинные ограничения при COVID-19 уменьшили общую физическую активность (ФА) в мире в среднем на 45–50%. При этом ФА обеспечивает преимущества, напрямую связанные со снижением заболеваемости и смертности от коронавирусной болезни. Физически активные лица, по сравнению с неактивными, имели более низкие риски заражения SARS-CoV-2 (откорректированный относительный риск (оОР) 0,85; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): 0,72–0,96), тяжелого течения COVID-19 (оОР 0,42; 95% ДИ: 0,19–0,91) и связанной с ним смерти (оОР 0,24; 95% ДИ: 0,05–0,99). Физические упражнения способствуют поддержанию нормального веса, более здоровому режиму питания, укреплению психического здоровья, улучшают иммунные функции, обладают антиоксидантным действием. Кроме того, они могут усиливать эффективность и иммуногенность вакцин против SARS-CoV-2: так, у физически активных лиц по сравнению с неактивными в 1,6 раза увеличивается уровень сероконверсии общего анти-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (95% ДИ: 1,1–2,4). Для мотивации к ФА необходимо применять программы телеупражнений, стратегии домашнего спортзала и экзергейминг для снижения будущих рисков в случае новых волн COVID-19.

Полный текст

Доступ закрыт

Об авторах

Ирина Николаевна Григорьева

Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: grigorieva2024@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0069-7744
SPIN-код: 7198-3163
Scopus Author ID: 004630757
ResearcherId: JGE-0324-2023

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории гастроэнтерологии, профессор отдела образования

Россия, 630089, г. Новосибирск, ул. Бориса Богаткова, д. 175/1

Список литературы

  1. World Health Organization. Physical activity and COVID-19. URL: https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19/physical-activity-and-covid-19 (date of access – 02.05.2024).
  2. Ekelund U., Tarp J., Steene-Johannessen J. et al. Dose-response associations between accelerometry measured physical activity and sedentary time and all cause mortality: Systematic review and harmonised meta-analysis. BMJ. 2019; 366: l4570. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4570. PMID: 31434697. PMCID: PMC6699591.
  3. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. URL: https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_recommendations/en/ (date of access – 02.05.2024).
  4. World Health Organization. Physical activity. URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity (date of access – 02.05.2024).
  5. Caspersen C.J., Powell K.E., Christenson G.M. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985; 100(2): 126–31. PMID: 3920711. PMCID: PMC1424733.
  6. Tremblay M.S., Aubert S., Barnes J.D. Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) – Terminology consensus project process and outcome. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017; 14(1): 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8. PMID: 28599680. PMCID: PMC5466781.
  7. Vancini R.L., Andrade M.S., Viana R.B. et al. Physical exercise and COVID-19 pandemic in PubMed: Two months of dynamics and one year of original scientific production. Sports Med Health Sci. 2021; 3(2): 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2021.04.004. PMID: 34189482. PMCID: PMC8105136.
  8. Garcia-Pelagio K.P., Hew-Butler T., Fahlman M.M., Roche J.A. Women’s lives matter – The critical need for women to prioritize optimal physical activity to reduce COVID-19 illness risk and severity. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(19): 10271. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910271. PMID: 34639569. PMCID: PMC8507774.
  9. Dwyer M.J., Pasini M., De Dominicis S., Righi E. Physical activity: Benefits and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020; 30(7): 1291–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13710. PMID: 32542719. PMCID: PMC7323175.
  10. Tavakol Z., Ghannadi S., Tabesh M.R. et al. Relationship between physical activity, healthy lifestyle and COVID-19 disease severity; A cross-sectional study. Z Gesundh Wiss. 2023; 31(2): 267–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01468-9. PMID: 33558839. PMCID: PMC7858040.
  11. Lee S.W., Lee J., Moon S.Y. et al. Physical activity and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 related mortality in South Korea: A nationwide cohort study. Br J Sports Med. 2022; 56(16): 901–12. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104203. PMID: 34301715.
  12. Rowlands A.V., Dempsey P.C., Gillies C. et al. Association between accelerometer-assessed physical activity and severity of COVID-19 in UK Biobank. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2021; 5(6): 997–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2021.08.011. PMID: 34430796. PMCID: PMC8376658.
  13. Steenkamp L., Saggers R.T., Bandini R. et al. Small steps, strong shield: Directly measured, moderate physical activity in 65 361 adults is associated with significant protective effects from severe COVID-19 outcomes. Br J Sports Med. 2022; 56(10): 568–76. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-105159. PMID: 35140062. PMCID: PMC8844956.
  14. COVID-19 Pulse: Delivering weekly insights on the pandemic from a 150,000+ person connected cohort. URL: http://web.archive.org/web/20200417084115/https://evidation.com/news/covid-19-pulse-first-data-evidation/ (date of access – 02.05.2024).
  15. Christensen A., Bond S., McKenna J. The COVID-19 conundrum: Keeping safe while becoming inactive. A rapid review of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and exercise in adults by gender and age. PLoS One. 2022; 17(1): e0263053. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263053. PMID: 35085330. PMCID: PMC8794124.
  16. Wunsch K., Kienberger K., Niessner C. Changes in physical activity patterns due to the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(4): 2250. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042250. PMID: 35206434. PMCID: PMC8871718.
  17. Guthold R., Stevens G.A., Riley L.M., Bull F.C. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet Glob Health. 2018; 6(10): e1077–e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7. PMID: 30193830.
  18. Maugeri G., Castrogiovanni P., Battaglia G. et al. The impact of physical activity on psychological health during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Heliyon. 2020; 6(6): e04315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04315. PMID: 32613133. PMCID: PMC7311901.
  19. Munasinghe S., Sperandei S., Freebairn L. et al. The impact of physical distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic on health and well-being among australian adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2020; 67(5): 653–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.008. PMID: 33099413. PMCID: PMC7577185.
  20. Bourdas D.I., Zacharakis E.D. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity in a sample of Greek adults. Sports (Basel). 2020; 8(10): 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8100139. PMID: 33096721. PMCID: PMC7589063.
  21. Kriaucioniene V., Bagdonaviciene L., Rodriguez-Perez C. et al. Associations between changes in health behaviours and body weight during the covid-19 quarantine in Lithuania: The Lithuanian covidiet study. Nutrients. 2020; 12(10): 3119. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12103119. PMID: 33065991. PMCID: PMC7599784.
  22. Lopez-Moreno M., Lopez M.T.I., Miguel M., Garces-Rimon M. Physical and psychological effects related to food habits and lifestyle changes derived from COVID-19 home confinement in the Spanish population. Nutrients. 2020; 12(11): 3445. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113445. PMID: 33182816. PMCID: PMC7696994.
  23. Barwais F.A. Physical activity at home during the COVID-19 pandemic in the two most-affected cities in Saudi Arabia. Open Public Health J. 2020; 13: 470–76. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010470.
  24. Asiamah N., Opuni F.F., Mends-Brew E. et al. Short-term changes in behaviors resulting from COVID-19-related social isolation and their influences on mental health in Ghana. Community Ment Health J. 2021; 57(1): 79–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00722-4. PMID: 33033971. PMCID: PMC7543965.
  25. Meyer J., McDowell C., Lansing J. et al. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in response to COVID-19 and their associations with mental health in 3052 US adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(18): 6469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186469.
  26. Ammar A., Brach M., Trabelsi K. et al. Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6): 1583. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061583. PMID: 32481594. PMCID: PMC7352706.
  27. Lesser I.A., Nienhuis C.P. The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity behavior and well-being of Canadians. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(11): 3899. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113899. PMID: 32486380. PMCID: PMC7312579.
  28. Constandt B., Thibaut E., De Bosscher V. et al. Exercising in times of lockdown: An analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on levels and patterns of exercise among adults in Belgium. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(11): 4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114144. PMID: 32532013. PMCID: PMC7312512.
  29. Pinho C.S., Caria A.C.I., Aras Junior R., Pitanga F.J.G. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on levels of physical fitness. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020; 66Suppl 2(Suppl 2): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.S2.34. PMID: 32965353.
  30. Warburton D.E., Nicol C.W., Bredin S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. CMAJ. 2006; 174(6): 801–9. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.051351. PMID: 16534088. PMCID: PMC1402378.
  31. Katzmarzyk P.T., Powell K.E., Jakicic J.M. et al. Sedentary behavior and health: Update from the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019; 51(6): 1227–41. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001935. PMID: 31095080. PMCID: PMC6527341.
  32. He M., Xian Y., Lv X. et al. Changes in body weight, physical activity, and lifestyle during the semi-lockdown period after the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: An online survey. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2021; 15(2): e23–e28. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.237.
  33. Dobrowolski H., Włodarek D. Body mass, physical activity and eating habits changes during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Poland. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(11): 5682. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115682. PMID: 34073223. PMCID: PMC8198350.
  34. Popkin B.M., Du S., Green W.D. et al. Individuals with obesity and COVID-19: A global perspective on the epidemiology and biological relationships [published correction appears in Obes Rev. 2021; 22(10): e13305]. Obes Rev. 2020; 21(11): e13128. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13128.
  35. Vanderbruggen N., Matthys F., Van Laere S. et al. Self-reported alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use during COVID-19 lockdown measures: Results from a web-based survey. Eur Addict Res. 2020; 26(6): 309–15. https://doi.org/10.1159/000510822. PMID: 32961535. PMCID: PMC7573904.
  36. Gonzalez-Monroy C., Gomez-Gomez I., Olarte-Sanchez C.M., Motrico E. Eating behaviour changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(21): 11130. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111130. PMID: 34769648. PMCID: PMC8582896.
  37. Zhong R., Zhang Q., Qiu Y. et al. Results of the adult COVID-19 lifestyle matching study. Int J Public Health. 2022; 67: 1604329. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604329. PMID: 35250431. PMCID: PMC8895323.
  38. Bailey K.L., Samuelson D.R., Wyatt T.A. Alcohol use disorder: A pre-existing condition for COVID-19? Alcohol. 2021; 90: 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.10.003. PMID: 33080339. PMCID: PMC7568767.
  39. World Health Organization. Food and nutrition during self-quarantine: What to choose and how to eat healthy. 2020. URL: https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/27-03-2020-food-and-nutrition-during-self-quarantine-what-to-choose-and-how-to-eat-healthily (date of access – 02.05.2024).
  40. Okuyama J., Seto S., Fukuda Y. et al. Mental health and physical activity among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2021; 253(3): 203–15. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.253.203. PMID: 33775993.
  41. COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2021; 398(10312): 1700–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7. PMID: 34634250. PMCID: PMC8500697.
  42. Wolf S., Seiffer B., Zeibig J.M. et al. Is physical activity associated with less depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic? A rapid systematic review. Sports Med. 2021; 51(8): 1771–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01468-z. PMID: 33886101. PMCID: PMC8060908.
  43. Yang Y.C., Chou C.L., Kao C.L. Exercise, nutrition, and medication considerations in the light of the COVID pandemic, with specific focus on geriatric population: A literature review. J Chin Med Assoc. 2020; 83(11): 977–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000393. PMID: 32675738. PMCID: PMC7434014.
  44. Zhang X., Li X., Sun Z. et al. Physical activity and COVID-19: An observational and Mendelian randomisation study. J Glob Health. 2020; 10(2): 020514. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh-10-020514. PMID: 33312507. PMCID: PMC7719276.
  45. Jakobsson J., Malm C., Furberg M. et al. Physical activity during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Prevention of a decline in metabolic and immunological functions. Front Sports Act Living. 2020; 2: 57. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.00057. PMID: 33345048. PMCID: PMC7739799.
  46. Zbinden-Foncea H., Francaux M., Deldicque L., Hawley J.A. Does high cardiorespiratory fitness confer some protection against proinflammatory responses after infection by SARS-CoV-2? Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020; 28(8): 1378–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22849. PMID: 32324968. PMCID: PMC7264673.
  47. Laddu D.R., Lavie C.J., Phillips S.A., Arena R. Physical activity for immunity protection: Inoculating populations with healthy living medicine in preparation for the next pandemic. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2021; 64: 102–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.006. PMID: 32278694. PMCID: PMC7195025.
  48. da Silveira M.P., da Silva Fagundes K.K., Bizuti M.R. et al. Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: An integrative review of the current literature. Clin Exp Med. 2021; 21(1): 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3. PMID: 32728975. PMCID: PMC7387807.
  49. Agha-Alinejad H., Ahmadi Hekmatikar A.H., Ruhee R.T. et al. A guide to different intensities of exercise, vaccination, and sports nutrition in the course of preparing elite athletes for the management of upper respiratory infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(3): 1888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031888. PMID: 35162910. PMCID: PMC8835175.
  50. Domaszewska K., Boraczynski M., Tang Y.Y. et al. Protective effects of exercise become especially important for the aging immune system in the Covid-19 era. Aging Dis. 2022; 13(1): 129–43. https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2021.1219. PMID: 35111366. PMCID: PMC8782560.
  51. Furtado G.E., Letieri R.V., Caldo-Silva A. et al. Sustaining efficient immune functions with regular physical exercise in the COVID-19 era and beyond. Eur J Clin Invest. 2021; 51(5): e13485. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13485. PMID: 33393082. PMCID: PMC7883243.
  52. Simpson R.J., Kunz H., Agha N., Graff R. Exercise and the regulation of immune functions. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2015; 135: 355–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.08.001. PMID: 26477922.
  53. Ost M., Coleman V., Kasch J., Klaus S. Regulation of myokine expression: Role of exercise and cellular stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016; 98: 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.018. PMID: 26898145.
  54. Mee-Inta O., Zhao Z.W., Kuo Y.M. Physical exercise inhibits inflammation and microglial activation. Cells. 2019; 8(7): 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8070691. PMID: 31324021. PMCID: PMC6678635.
  55. Nielsen A.R., Mounier R., Plomgaard P. et al. Expression of interleukin-15 in human skeletal muscle effect of exercise and muscle fibre type composition. J Physiol. 2007; 584(Pt 1): 305–12. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.139618. PMID: 17690139. PMCID: PMC2277063.
  56. Suzuki K., Hayashida H. Effect of exercise intensity on cell-mediated immunity. Sports (Basel). 2021; 9(1): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9010008. PMID: 33440732. PMCID: PMC7826544.
  57. Martin S.A., Pence B.D., Woods J.A. Exercise and respiratory tract viral infections. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2009; 37(4): 157–64. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181b7b57b. PMID: 19955864. PMCID: PMC2803113.
  58. Nieman D.C., Wentz L.M. The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. J Sport Health Sci. 2019; 8(3): 201–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009. PMID: 31193280. PMCID: PMC6523821.
  59. Pedersen B.K., Bruunsgaard H. How physical exercise influences the establishment of infections. Sports Med. 1995; 19(6): 393–400. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199519060-00003. PMID: 7676100. PMCID: PMC7101836.
  60. Rahmati-Ahmadabad S., Hosseini F. Exercise against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Does workout intensity matter? (A mini review of some indirect evidence related to obesity). Obes Med. 2020; 19: 100245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100245. PMID: 32342019. PMCID: PMC7184978.
  61. Fondell E., Lagerros Y.T., Sundberg C.J. et al. Physical activity, stress, and self-reported upper respiratory tract infection. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011; 43(2): 272–79. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181edf108. PMID: 20581713.
  62. Martensson S., Nordebo K., Malm C. High training volumes are associated with a low number of self-reported sick days in elite endurance athletes. J Sports Sci Med. 2014; 13(4): 929–33. PMID: 25435787. PMCID: PMC4234964.
  63. Campbell J.P., Turner J.E. Debunking the myth of exercise-induced immune suppression: Redefining the impact of exercise on immunological health across the lifespan. Front Immunol. 2018; 9: 648. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00648. PMID: 29713319. PMCID: PMC5911985.
  64. Gomez-Cabrera M.C., Domenech E., Vina J. Moderate exercise is an antioxidant: Upregulation of antioxidant genes by training. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008; 44(2): 126–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.001. PMID: 18191748.
  65. Bachi A.L., Suguri V.M., Ramos L.R. et al. Increased production of autoantibodies and specific antibodies in response to influenza virus vaccination in physically active older individuals. Results Immunol. 2013; 3: 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinim.2013.01.001. PMID: 24600554. PMCID: PMC3908325.
  66. Woods J.A., Keylock K.T., Lowder T. et al. Cardiovascular exercise training extends influenza vaccine seroprotection in sedentary older adults: The immune function intervention trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009; 57(12): 2183–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02563.x. PMID: 20121985.
  67. Pascoe A.R., Fiatarone Singh M.A., Edwards K.M. The effects of exercise on vaccination responses: A review of chronic and acute exercise interventions in humans. Brain Behav Immun. 2014; 39: 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.10.003. PMID: 24126151.
  68. Jakobsson J., Cotgreave I., Furberg M. et al. Potential physiological and cellular mechanisms of exercise that decrease the risk of severe complications and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sports (Basel). 2021; 9(9): 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9090121. PMID: 34564326. PMCID: PMC8472997.
  69. Bortolini M.J.S., Petriz B., Mineo J.R., Resende R.O. Why physical activity should be considered in clinical trials for COVID-19 vaccines: A focus on risk groups. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(3): 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031853. PMID: 35162875. PMCID: PMC8834774.
  70. Gualano B., Lemes I.R., Silva R.P. et al. Association between physical activity and immunogenicity of an inactivated virus vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Brain Behav Immun. 2022; 101: 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.016. PMID: 34954325. PMCID: PMC8697420.
  71. Valenzuela P.L., Simpson R.J., Castillo-García A., Lucia A. Physical activity: A coadjuvant treatment to COVID-19 vaccination? Brain Behav Immun. 2021; 94: 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.03.003. PMID: 33691149. PMCID: PMC7937336.
  72. Baker F.L., Smith K.A., Zuniga T.M. et al. Acute exercise increases immune responses to SARS CoV-2 in a previously infected man. Brain Behav Immun Health. 2021; 18: 100343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100343. PMID: 34514439. PMCID: PMC8423674.
  73. Saint-Maurice P.F., Troiano R.P., Bassett D.R. Jr. et al. Association of daily step count and step intensity with mortality among US adults. JAMA. 2020; 323(12): 1151–60. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1382. PMID: 32207799. PMCID: PMC7093766.
  74. Yates T., Razieh C., Zaccardi F. et al. Obesity, walking pace and risk of severe COVID-19 and mortality: Analysis of UK Biobank. Int J Obes (Lond). 2021; 45(5): 1155–59. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-00771-z. PMID: 33637952. PMCID: PMC7909370.
  75. Bartlett D.B., Fox O., McNulty C.L. et al. Habitual physical activity is associated with the maintenance of neutrophil migratory dynamics in healthy older adults. Brain Behav Immun. 2016; 56: 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.02.024. PMID: 26928196. PMCID: PMC4929133.
  76. Li K.K., Ng L., Cheng S.T., Fung H.H. Reverse message-framing effects on accelerometer-assessed physical activity among older outpatients with type 2 diabetes. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2017; 39(3): 222–227. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2016-0249. PMID: 28915067.
  77. Francis J., West K. Physical activity message framing and ethnicity before and during COVID-19. Health Commun. 2023; 38(11): 2419–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2074344. PMID: 35593173.
  78. Hall G., Laddu D.R., Phillips S.A. et al. A tale of two pandemics: How will COVID-19 and global trends in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior affect one another? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2021; 64: 108–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.005. PMID: 32277997. PMCID: PMC7194897.
  79. Shin J.Y., Lee J., Lee J.M., Ho N.Y. Factors affecting decreased physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: an age-, gender-, and body mass index-matched study. Front Public Health. 2023; 11: 1170049. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1170049. PMID: 37546321. PMCID: PMC10400446.
  80. Latorre-Roman P.A., Guzman-Guzman I.P., Delgado-Floody P. et al. Protective role of physical activity patterns prior to COVID-19 confinement with the severity/duration of respiratory pathologies consistent with COVID-19 symptoms in Spanish populations. Res Sports Med. 2023; 31(1): 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2021.1937166. PMID: 34128446.
  81. Sallis R., Young D.R., Tartof S.Y. et al. Physical inactivity is associated with a higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes: A study in 48 440 adult patients. Br J Sports Med. 2021; 55(19): 1099–105. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104080. PMID: 33849909.
  82. de Boer D.R., Hoekstra F., Huetink K.I.M. et al. Physical activity, sedentary behavior and well-being of adults with physical disabilities and/or chronic diseases during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(12): 6342. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126342. PMID: 34208156. PMCID: PMC8296179.
  83. Nieman D.C. Coronavirus disease-2019: A tocsin to our aging, unfit, corpulent, and immunodeficient society. J Sport Health Sci. 2020; 9(4): 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.05.001. PMID: 32389882. PMCID: PMC7205734.

Дополнительные файлы

Доп. файлы
Действие
1. JATS XML
Скачать

© ООО «Бионика Медиа», 2024

Данный сайт использует cookie-файлы

Продолжая использовать наш сайт, вы даете согласие на обработку файлов cookie, которые обеспечивают правильную работу сайта.

О куки-файлах