:The fields of nanotechnology and nanomedicine have undergone a revolution. There has been a striking rise in authorized nanomedicines since 1980. Apart from functioning as thera-peutic agents, they also act as carriers for delivering various active pharmaceuticals to target or-gans. The ultimate goal of nanomedicine has always been the generation of translational technol-ogies that can improve current therapies. Nanocrystals, nanotubes, liposomes, exosomes, solid li-pid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic and magnetic nanoparticles are examples of nanostructures that are now in the market as well as in ongoing research. The preparation of these nanomaterials requires consideration of a number of difficulties. Only a few of these nano-materials were successful in obtaining marketing permission after passing all required toxicologi-cal and ethical evaluations and making them affordable to users and, at the same time, profitable to investors. Cancer, central nervous system (CNS) diseases, and cardiovascular (CVS) diseases represented the primary targets of nanotechnology applied to medicine. Therefore, this review ar-ticle is focused on providing a summary of several nano-based delivery systems, including their limitations and prospects in different therapeutic fields.