Vol 3, No 3 (2018)

Articles

TERMINOLOGY VIEW AT LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE VIA HISTORICAL AND MODERN CONCEPTION

Chemidronov S.N., Suvorova G.N., Sevryugina G.A., Grigoryeva Y.V., Kornilov V.D.

Abstract

Aim - to analyze and summarize the literature data of levator ani muscle, using the terminological approach. Materials and methods. We used literature in anatomy, biology with levator ani muscle description included Medline/Pubmed resources guide. Results. We found 18 terms determined levator ani muscle components in literature. The terms were used to describe diseases, perineal muscles, fascia and pelvic ligaments associated with urinary and fecal incontinence, traumatic injuries during labor in women, operative access to pelvic organs in men with surgical interventions for radical prostatectomy and rectum extirpation. We illustrated schematically levator ani muscle in men and women, supplementing the study by dissecting the perineal region in 3 men and 2 women. The terms defining the components of levator ani muscle in women are following: m. puboperinealis, m. pubovaginalis, m. puboanalis - united in m. pubovisceralis; m. pubococcygeus, m. iliococcygeus. In men, levatorani muscle is represented by the following components: m. puboprostaticus (m. levator prostatae), m. puboperinealis, m. puboanalis, m. puborectalis, m. pubococcygeus, m. iliococcygeus.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):6-10
pages 6-10 views

FUNCTIONAL GASTRODUODENAL DISORDERS: REVIEW PROVISIONS IV ROME CONSENSUS

Osadchuk A.M., Davydkin I.L., Gricenko T.A., Hajretdinov R.K.

Abstract

Aim - to perform a critical review of the main provisions of the Rome IV consensus on functional gastroduodenal disorders (FGD). Showing current understanding of the pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis and treatment of FGD. Conclusion. FGD diagnosis and treatment process consists of various stages, is quite expensive, requiring the involvement of doctors of various specialties. Perform each stage of diagnosis and treatment must be justified and focused on the patient. FGD therapy is timeconsuming and requires effort from both the physician and the patient. Its aim is to achieve an optimal quality of life.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):11-16
pages 11-16 views

GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Volobuev A.N., Pyatin V.F., Romanchuk N.P., Aleksandrova N.N.

Abstract

Aim - research of gene APOE for definition of allele structures of the human population phenotypes resulting in risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Materials and methods. Use of the Hardy-Weinberg theory and statistical researches of the alleles distribution of gene APOE in a human population. Results. Principles of the phenotype allele structures formation resulting in risk of Alzheimer’s disease are investigated. The expediency of these phenotypes finding is shown. On the basis of the received phenotypes distribution in human population the dependence of phenotype frequencies on risk of Alzheimer’s disease is investigated. The most dangerous phenotypes are revealed. Conclusion. On the basis of representation about dominant and recessive structure of gene APOE alleles it is shown that in a human population exists three phenotypes which determine the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Distribution of these phenotypes in populations is investigated.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):17-20
pages 17-20 views

THE DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATIVENESS OF THE ANALYSIS OF ORAL FLUID INDICATORS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY

Sazonova O.V., Myakisheva Y.V., Borodina L.M., Ginzburg M.M., Gavryushin M.Y., Gorbachev D.O., Frolova O.V.

Abstract

Aim - to study the informativeness of the analysis of oral fluid parameters to assess the state of metabolism in patients with obesity. Materials and methods. The article studied the indicators of oral fluid and blood, wich characterized the metabolism, among 58 patients with II type of obesity (36 women and 22 men, mean age 39.5±6.2 years). Results. It was found, that the most pronounced changes in biochemical parameters of blood during obesity are observed from the side of lipid metabolism. From 34.62% of patients increased content of cholesterol in blood, 22.22% of patients, triglycerides. Glucose concentration exceeded the reference value in 25.93% of patients. The greatest changes in indicators of the oral fluid was found in triglycerides - they have a high level of 66.67% of the patients. The comparison of the indicators in the blood and oral fluid was revealed, that the increase in triglycerides in the oral fluid is accompanied by a similar trend in the blood in 22.22% of cases. Among those with a high concentration of glucose in oral fluid at 50.0% of cases revealed hyperglycemia. The evaluation of enzyme activity, despite the rather pronounced shifts in the blood, we found, that there was no significant increase in the oral fluid activity of the transaminases studied. Conclusion. Oral fluid is a useful biological material for the assessment of metabolism in patients with obesity. The most informative indicators of oral fluid to assess the state of metabolism in patients with obesity were triglycerines and glucose. The results of the study are necessary for the development of rapid systems for the diagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of treatment of obesity by a doctor and a patient.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):21-24
pages 21-24 views

ПЕРВЫЙ ОПЫТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТРЕХМЕРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ NGENUITY® 3D VISUALIZATION SYSTEM В ХИРУРГИИ КАТАРАКТ С ИМПЛАНТАЦИЕЙ PRE-LOADED ИНТРАОКУЛЯРНЫХ ЛИНЗ ACRYSOF IQ ULTRASERT

Stebnev V.S., Stebnev S.D., Malov I.V.

Abstract

Aim - to evaluate the clinical efficacy and features of use new three-dimensional visualization system "NGENUITY' in surgery of cataract with implantation of "pre-loaded" intraocular lens "AcrySof IQ Ultrasert" (ALCON). Materials and methods. We investigated the clinical results of using a 3D visualization system "NGENUITY' cataract surgery in 100 patients (100 eyes) age of 64.3+6.1 years; 83 women and 17 men. Implanted monofocal IOLs "AcrySof IQ Ultrasert" company "Alcon" with a goal refraction Em+0,5 diopters with the use of navigation systems "VERION" (Alcon). Results. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Examination of patients was carried out on 1 and 7 days and 1 and 3 months after surgery. The postoperative period was smooth, without injections. As a result of treatment, uncorrected visual acuity in the distance was 0.74+0.02 (0.2 to 1.0) and depended on the fundus condition. The average sphericules clinical refraction 0,38+0,47 dioptres. Refraction of the target was achieved in 91% of patients. Loss of corneal posterior epithelial cells was 3.8+1.5%. The results of the use of 3D imaging system "NGENUITY" in cataract surgery suggest that it has a number of significant advantages over the use of traditional methods of modern microsurgery. Summary. 1. A new three-dimensional visualization system "NGENUITY 3D Visualization System" provides the surgeon much more than just improved visuals. 2. Practical development and further technological development of the system "NGENUITY 3D Visualization System" opens new scientific and practical prospects in cataract surgery. 3. The use of the new system "ULTRASERT Preloaded IOL Delivery System" the implantation of a monofocal IOL significantly optimizes the surgery of cataracts. 4. New technological features of the system design "ULTRASERT Pre-loaded IOL Delivery System" enable to eliminate the risk of infection and damage to the lens, allow quick and stable placement in the capsular bag, a smooth postoperative period.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):25-29
pages 25-29 views

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME IN THE SAMARA REGION

Liubyshkina A.V., Stulova M.V., Suzdaltsev A.A., Konstantinov D.Y., Popova L.L.

Abstract

Aim - to study clinical and epidemiological characteristics features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Materials and methods. A retrospective comparative analysis of the results of clinical and epidemiological examination of HFRS patients was carried out in two groups: with moderate (n=106) and severe (n=22) forms of the disease, who were hospitalized in the clinic of infectious diseases of Samara State Medical University in 2017. Results. A significant predominance of the air-dust pathway of infection in severe forms of the disease was revealed. Most patients were young men in both groups. Clinical features of the current course of HFRS was the presence of subfebrile temperature in the polyuric period; absence of hemorrhagic syndrome in the majority of patients with HFRS, presence of severe asthenovegetative syndrome in the period of convalescence with severe headache, especially in severe form of the disease.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):30-34
pages 30-34 views

DYNAMICS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK ARTERIES INFLUENCED OF ATORVASTATIN THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF HIGH RISK

Rubanenko O.A.

Abstract

Aim - to assess the morphological changes in the extracranial arteries of the brachiocephalic trunk in high-risk patients during atorvastatin therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 78 patients with a high risk of death from cardiovascular disease (mean age 54.8 ± 4.4 years), according to SCORE > 5% and <10%, with a moderately elevated level of OX (5.0-5.9 mmol/l) and LDL cholesterol (3.0-3.9 mmol/l) receiving atorvastatin at an initial dose of 40 mg/day. Results. In the presented group of patients, atherosclerotic lesion was more often observed in the common carotid artery (CCA), equally expressed on both sides. On the background of therapy with atorvastatin, the greatest changes in terms of regression and stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques are noted in the CCA projection on the left. In 36 cases, during treatment, there is a decrease and stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, in 2 cases - the thickness of the intima-media complex. In 14 patients regression of two previously visualized plaques was noted in the background of treatment, in 4 patients - regression of three plaques, in 4 patients - stabilization of two plaques. Conclusions. Atorvastatin in the treatment of patients at high risk of death from cardiovascular disease contributes to the stabilization of carotid atherosclerosis and reduces the levels of atherogenic lipoproteins.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):35-38
pages 35-38 views

ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AS PREDICTOR OF SUBCLINICAL AND MANIFEST ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Fatenkov O.V., Simerzin V.V., Gagloeva I.V., Galkina M.A., Panisheva Y.A., Krasovskaya M.A., Sytdykov I.K., Popova Y.O.

Abstract

This survey presents the role of endothelial dysfunction in pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases as predictor of their development. Leading risk factors of endothelial dysfunction and methods of its diagnostics are also shown. Special attention is given to non medicamental correction of endothelial function disorders and its pharmacotherapy with statins, inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), calcium antagonists and other drugs.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):39-46
pages 39-46 views

DUST LUNG DISEASE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EVIDENCE: PROFESSIONAL RISK AND MOLECULAR MARKERS

Babanov S.A., Budash D.S.

Abstract

Aim - to assess the level of professional pulmonological morbidity, occupational risks and the most significant factors of the immune profile under the influence of industrial fibrogenic aerosols. Results. Mathematical modeling was carried out and a mathematical model was developed to determine the types of the disease in persons who have contact with industrial fibrogenic aerosols, and allows to correlate a new case to the group of contact (or variants of the course of dust lung diseases) or exclude the diagnosis of dust lung diseases.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):47-52
pages 47-52 views

INFLUENCE OF PITRS ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Poverennova I.E., Greshnova I.V., Zharinova N.O., Khivintseva E.V., Zakharov A.V.

Abstract

Aim - studying of quality of life of the patients with multiple sclerosis receiving the medicines changing the course of multiple sclerosis, the first and second line for identification of the most optimum methods of therapy of a disease. Materials and methods. Survey of 100 patients aged from 18 up to 65 years receiving medicines of the first and second line by means of a scale of hospital alarm and a depression of HADS and the questionnaire of quality of life of SF-36 is conducted. Results. The obtained data have shown that medicines of the second line authentically raise physical and social indicators of quality of life; in addition, the interrelation between an emotional condition of the patient and degree of his social activity is found. Conclusion. It is established that the alarm and a depression significantly limit physical activity of the patient, reduce independent assessment by the patient of a condition of the health and quality of life of patients. It is necessary to estimate the level of alarm and a depression at patients with multiple sclerosis and to correct the phenomena of emotional instability as they influence physical health, social contacts, level of pain and, as a result, quality of life.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):53-56
pages 53-56 views

MORPHOMETRIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF INTESTINAL TUBERCULOSIS AND CROHN’S DISEASE

Fedorina T.A., Nedugov G.V.

Abstract

Intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease are chronic granulomatous disorders that are difficult to differentiate histologically. Aim - to describe the case of erroneous establishment of Crohn's disease in a patient with intestinal tuberculosis by the results of pathomorphological examination of biopsy specimens of the colon. The absence of anti-tuberculosis therapy led to the progression of the tuberculosis process with the development of tuberculosis of the larynx, lungs and ileum, followed by disability of the patient. Conclusions. The given observation shows the necessity of introduction in the practice of clinical morphologist the morphometric methods of study of endoscopic biopsy specimens, allowing to differentiate between intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):57-60
pages 57-60 views

REGULATION OF THE EXCRETORY FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS BY MEANS OF ADENOSINERGICAL AGENTS

Zaitceva E.N., Dubishchev A.V., Bazitova A.A.

Abstract

Aim - study of the effect of agonist and antagonists of adenosine receptors on the excretory function of the kidneys. Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on white outbread rats. Experimental animals were injected subcutaneously with a pharmacological agent (natrii adenosinetriphosphate, natrii coffeinum-benzoate, euphyllinum, pentoxifylline), control - a similar volume of isotonic sodium chloride solution. All animals received an intra-gastric water load of 3% ofbody weight. The animals were placed in the exchange cells. The portions of urine (4 h and 24 h) were collected. In each sample, the volume, concentration of sodium, potassium and creatinine was determined. Results. A diuretical dose for pentoxifylline 0.7 mg/kg was established. The drug in this dose stimulated the excretory function of the kidneys by increasing the glomerular filtration and inhibiting tubular reabsorption. Consequently, pentoxifylline has a dual mechanism of diuretic action - tubular (similar to the action of furosemide at a threshold dose of 1 mg/kg) and an additional glomerular component. Conclusion. The search for diuretics among adenosine receptor blockers is promising, especially in the line of new selective adenosinergic drugs.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):61-63
pages 61-63 views

INGROWN TOENAIL - HISTORICAL BACKGROUND, ACTUALITY AND MODERN APPROACHES TO TREATMENT

Sonis A.G., Stolyarov E.A., Suslin S.A., Alekseev D.G., Bezrukova M.A.

Abstract

Aim - to provide an over view of the literature sources and Internet materials about the problem of ingrown toenail - the historical background, immediacy of the problem, diagnosis of this pathology, main traditional and modern approaches to its prevention and treatment. Conclusion. The problem of the ingrown toenail retains its relevance right up to the present days, despite the achievements of medical science and industry, which requires further improvement of methods for the prevention and treatment of this complex disease.
Science and Innovations in Medicine. 2018;3(3):64-72
pages 64-72 views


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