Innovative ProjectInnovative Project2500-3437Eco-Vector8121110.17673/IP.2019.4.10.2Research ArticleCATEGORY OF EMPTINESS IN THE WORLD ARCHITECTURE: JAPAN, WEST, RUSSIAKursovaMarina Gennad'evnajeniarepina@mail.ruRepinaEvgeniya Aleksandrovnajeniarepina@mail.ruSamara State Technical University15122019410202528092021Copyright © 2019, Kursova M.G., Repina E.A.2019<p>The article analyzes the philosophical and psychological meaning of the category of emptiness and its reflection in art and architecture. The sacred meaning of emptiness in Zen Buddhism and its influence on Japanese architecture are considered. Differences in interpretations of the concept of emptiness in Eastern, Western and Russian philosophy and architecture are analyzed, it is highlighted how echoes of Zen teachings and the category of emptiness contributed to the emergence of the empty canon in the avant-garde. The devaluation of emptiness in the aesthetics of modernity and its transformation under the conditions of postmodernism are considered. In the course of analyzing the attitude of the modern generation to the categories of emptiness and space, the preconditions for the return of the attitude to emptiness and space as sacred categories of architectural culture are revealed.</p>emptinessZen BuddhismgestaltarchetypeJapanese architectureavant-gardeminimalismpostmodernismпустотадзэн-буддизмгештальтархетипяпонская архитектураавангардминимализмпостмодернизм[1. Lao Tzu: A Book about the Way of Life (Tao Te Ching). Translator: Malyavin Vladimir Vyacheslavovich. Publisher: AST, 2017 205 p.][2. Suzuki D.T. Zen and Japanese culture. Translated from English by S.V. Pakhomov. St. Petersburg «Science», 2003][3. Maha Prajna Paramita Hridaya Sutra. URL: https://cityfloat.ru/articles/sutra-serdtsa.html (date of access: 25.01.2021).][4. Norberg-Schulz C. Heidegger’s thinking on architecture // Perspecta: The Yale Architertural Journal, No. 20, 1983. pp. 61-68.][5. Jung K.G. Archetype and Symbol / C.G. Jung. - M.:Renaissance, 1991.304 p.][6. Sayenko N. Ontological poetics of emptiness. Publisher: Academy of Natural Sciences. Year of publication: 2010. URL: https://www.monographies.ru/ru/book/section? Id = 2833 (date accessed: 20.12.2020).][7. Tadao Ando Complete Works. London, Phaidon Press, pp. 446-448. Originally published in: The Japan Architect, vol. 301, May 1982, pp. 8-12.][8. Heidegger M. Art and space. 1969 year URL: http://filosof.historic.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000291/index.shtml (date accessed: 20.12.2020).][9. Baudrillard. J. System of things / Translation from French. and an accompanying article by S. Zenkin. M., 2001. URL: https://gtmarket.ru/library/basis/3496/3504 (date of access: 20.12.2020).][10. Lipovetsky. M. N. Russian Postmodernism - Essays on Historical Poetics. Monograph. Yekaterinburg, 1997 URL: http://glebland.narod.ru/postmod.htm (date of access: 25.12.2020).][11. Epshtein M. N. «Demon. Latitude and crampedness».1982. URL: http://www.emory.edu/INTELNET/es_bes.html (date accessed: 20.12.2020).][12. Epshtein M.N. Postmodern in Russia. Literature and theory. M.: R. Elinin’s edition, 2000.][13. Ichin K. Malevich’s Suprematist Reflections on the Objective World. Journal «Questions of Philosophy». Published on November 10, 2011 URL: http://vphil.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=402&Itemid=52 (date accessed: 20.12.2020).][14. Epstein M.N. Word and Silence: Metaphysics of Russian Literature. - M.: Higher school, 2006.328 p.][15. Eco. W. Notes on the margins of the Name of the Rose. Publisher: Symposium, 2005. 39 p.][16. Rappaport A. G. Five problems of the theory of architecture of the XXI century / A. G. Rappaport // Project Russia. - 2006. - No. 1 (39). p.161.][17. Lipovetsky. J. The era of emptiness. An essay on contemporary individualism. Translated from French by V.V. Kuznetsova. St. Petersburg “Vladimir Dal”, 2001 23-24.][18. Tyuleneva E. M. Еmpty Sign in Postmodernism: Theory and Russian Literary Practice».. Ivanovo, 2006, 284 p.][19. Koolhaas. R. Waste space. Publisher: Art Guide. Year of publication: 2015. 79 p.][20. Lipovetsky M.N. The criterion of emptiness. Ural magazine, No. 7, 2001. URL: https://magazines.gorky.media/ural/2001/7/kriterij-pustoty.html (date of access - 25.12.2020).]