Features of flora, ground cover recreational transformation and wood increment of urban spruce forests

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Abstract

The article presents the study results of the flora, stand and ground cover of spruce block green belt and controlled wooded area adjacent to the city. The flora of inner-city spruce forests is 2 times richer than in test areas. A change in the systematic and ecological-cenotic structure of the spruce stands’ flora under the influence of recreational impact is characterized, because of which the share of forest species decreases by 2,9 times and is replaced by meadow and ruderal elements with a groundbreaking strategy. It has been established that the degradation of the grass-shrub layer occurs when the trampling area reaches 25...35 % or more; the moss-lichen layer begins to collapse already at 15 % of the trampled area. Over the past 40 years, the dynamics of radial growth have revealed a general due to age decline for all objects by an average of 1,5 % per year. Against its background, stable synchronism of oscillations within ±30 % of the average level was noted, indicating a satisfactory state of urban spruce plantations. The growth depression during unfavorable seasons in subsequent years is compensated for by an intensive increase, but in the case of an increased degree of recreational impact, it becomes irreversible. It is indicated that unregulated recreation in the future, even with a low degree of trampling, can have a significant negative impact on the growth of stands. As a measure to increase the stability of spruce stands, the formation of deciduous edges is recommended.

About the authors

Vera V. Timofeeva

Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: timofeevavera2010@yandex.ru

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Research Fellow

Russian Federation, 11, Pushkinskaya St., 185910, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia

Sergei M. Sinkevich

Forest Research Institute of the Karelian Research Centre RAS

Email: sergei.sinkevich@krc.karelia.ru

Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

Russian Federation, 11, Pushkinskaya St., 185910, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia

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