Effect of phytopathogen control on efficiency of sorbent-stimulating preparations on grain crops

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Pre-sowing seed treatment is one of the most developed practices in agriculture. Despite this, reproducible positive effects have not yet been obtained with the use of stimulating preparations. One explanation may be that the consideration of seed stimulation was carried out in isolation from the soils and the microorganisms in them. To take into account these factors, the study of the efficiency for one of the stimulant classes — sorption-stimulating preparations (SSP), and also the development of approaches to the creation of effective stimulant preparations was carried out. The objects of the study were seeds of cultivars of spring and winter wheat, spring barley and winter rye. The tests were performed on sod-podzolic soil, changing its allelotoxic- ity due to sample preparation. The fixed indicator in assessing allelotoxicity, as well as the efficiency of SSP, was the total length of seed seedlings. Determination of the microbiological composition of soils was carried out using direct luminescent microscopy and seeding on nutrient media. During the experiments, it was found that an increase in the allelotoxicity of soil samples led to a noticeable decrease in the effects of SSP stimulation for spring wheat seeds. With the addition to the composition of the preparation of sucrose, which promotes the development of microorganisms, and an increase in the dose of the composition by 1,5 times, the effects of stimulation continued to decrease, reaching inhibition values for some varieties. On spring barley, an increase in the dose of the preparation, on the contrary, led to an increase in the efficiency of the SSP use. However, an increase in the values of the nutrients provision to an excessive level at which phytopathogenic fungi develop, showed that SSP with sucrose no longer stimulates, but inhibits the germination of seeds and the development of barley seedlings. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that allelotoxins can enter seeds and developing plants not only from soils, but also from phytopathogens, therefore, the use of stimulants without limiting the development of phytopathogens does not solve the problem of protecting seeds from allelotoxins. To do this, it is proposed to use SSP together with fungicides. Laboratory experiments have confirmed the correctness of this approach — the use of SSP in conjunction with fungicides in all cases has a stimulating effect on the varieties and crops of cereals studied by us.

About the authors

Gennadiy N. Fedotov

M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: gennadiy.fedotov@gmail.com

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher of the Faculty of Soil Science

Russian Federation, GSP-1, 1, p. 12, Leninskie Gory, 119991

Tat’yana A. Gracheva

M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: fedotov@gmail.com

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Lecturer of the Faculty of Soil Science

Russian Federation, GSP-1, 1, p. 12, Leninskie Gory, 119991

Ivan V. Gorepekin

M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; Eurasian Center for Food Security of Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: decembrist96@yandex.ru

Researcher, Faculty of Soil Science

Russian Federation, GSP-1, 1, p. 12, Leninskie Gory, 119991; GSP-1, 1, p. 12, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow

Yuriy P. Batyrev

BMSTU (Mytishchi branch)

Email: batyrev@bmstu.ru

Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, 1, 1st Institutskaya st., 141005, Mytishchi, Moscow reg.

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