Modern forests as historical lands transformation reflection in Kenozersky national park

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Using the method of combining the plans of the General Land Survey of 1861 and forest management cartographic materials (Kozykin, 2021), we analyzed the structure and full-scale identification of modern forest plantations formed during natural restoration on sites of different categories of land use within the key site (with an area of more than 56 thousand hectares) of the Kenozersky National Park. It was established that over 160 years there has been a noticeable restructuring of the land fund, the share of agricultural land that is covered with forests has decreased by more than 10 times (63 % of arable land, 98 % of abandoned fields, 80 % of hay meadows). In the formed postagrogenic forests, shamrock and blueberry pine forests predominate, the share of which is more than 88 % on arable land, 72…76 % on hay meadows and abandoned fields, where plots were used more widely and had excessive moisture. Postagrogenic plantings on old arable lands, abandoned fields and hay meadows are mainly represented by IA–II bonitet classes (82…90 %). They usually have complex composition and consist of 3–5 types of regional species in different combinations, with a predominance (48…67 % of former lands) of birch. The greatest variability in the species composition of stands is characteristic of arable land. Full-scale identification of forests on former arable land and abandoned fields showed that the soils of postagrogenic forests retain their inherent effective fertility during the period of active use, which is estimated above the average values for arable soils in the Arkhangelsk region. It is proved that the history of fields and farming traditions have a significant impact on the structure and properties of agrogenically transformed soils that determine the formation of modern forests for at least two centuries.

About the authors

Aleksandr V. Kozykin

Kenozersky National Park

Email: nakvasina@yandex.ru

Reseacher

Russian Federation, 78, Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163000, Arkhangelsk

Elena N. Nakvasina

Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (NArFU)

Author for correspondence.
Email: nakvasina@yandex.ru

Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor

Russian Federation, 17, Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163002, Arkhangelsk

References

  1. Gromtsev A.N. Proizvodnye lesa na zapade taezhnoy zony Rossii: ponyatiya, proiskhozhdenie, identifikatsiy [Derivative forests in the west of the taiga zone of Russia: concepts, origin, identification]. Trudy Karel’skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN [Proceedings of the Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences], 2019, no. 5, pp. 5–16. doi: 10.17076/eco900
  2. Kopecký M., Vojta J. Land-use legacies in post-agricultural forests in the Doupovské Mountains, Czech Republic. Applied vegetation of science, 2009, v. 12, no. 2, pp. 251–260. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2009.01023.x
  3. Romanenko G.A., Ivanov A.L., Zavalin A.A. Agroekologicheskoe sostoyanie i perspektivy ispol’zovaniya zemel’ Rossii, vybyvshikh iz aktivnogo sel’skokhozyaystvennogo oborota [Agroecological state and prospects for the use of Russian lands that have retired from active agricultural use]. Moscow: Rosinformagrotekh, 2008, 64 p.
  4. Sewerniak P. Survey of some attributes of post-agricultural lands in Polish. State Forests Ecological Questions, 2015, no. 22, pp. 9–16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2015.018
  5. Gibson D.J., Middleton B.A., Foster K., Honu Y.A.K., Hoyer E.W., Marilyn М. Species Frequency Dynamics in an Old-Field Succession: Effects of Disturbance, Fertilization and Scale. J. of Vegetation Research, 2005, no. 16, pp. 415–422.
  6. Tret’yakov S.V., Koptev S.V., Neverov N.A., Novikova N.S. Sokhranenie agrokul’turnykh landshaftov i ustoychivoe upravlenie imi v Kargopol’skom sektore Kenozerskogo natsional’nogo parka [Conservation of agricultural landscapes and their sustainable management in the Kargopol sector of the Kenozersky National Park]. Vestnik Severnogo (Arkticheskogo) federal’nogo universiteta. Seriya «Estestvennye nauki» [Bulletin of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series «Natural Sciences»], 2014, no. 3, pp. 40–47.
  7. Pashkevich O. Agrokul’turnoe nasledie: istoki, realii, budushchee [Agricultural heritage: origins, realities, future]. Nauka i innovatsii [Science and Innovation], 2020, no. 9 (211), pp. 37–42.
  8. Trapeznikova O.N. Istoricheskiy analiz dinamiki zemledeliya lesnoy zony Vostochno-Evropeyskoy ravniny [Historical analysis of the dynamics of agriculture in the forest zone of the East European Plain]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya geograficheskaya [News of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical series], 2017, no. 2, pp. 87–99
  9. Kozykin A.V. Metodika otsenki izmeneniy agrokul’turnogo landshafta na osnove GIS-obrabotki planov mezhevaniya 1861 g. i sovremennogo opisaniya lesnogo fonda Natsional’nogo parka «Kenozerskiy» [Methodology for assessing changes in the agricultural landscape based on GIS processing of land survey plans of 1861 and modern description of the forest fund of the Kenozersky National Park]. Istoricheskaya informatika [Historical Informatics], 2021, no. 2 (36), pp. 221–236.
  10. Proekt organizatsii i vedeniya lesnogo khozyaystva Kenozerskogo natsional’nogo parka. Materialy lesoustroystva 2013–2015 gg. [Project for organizing and maintaining forestry in the Kenozersky National Park. Forest inventory materials 2013–2015]. Arkhangelsk: Arkhangelsk branch of FSUE «Roslesinforg», 2014.
  11. Tret’yakov S.V., Koptev S.V., Nakvasina E.N. Lesnaya Taksatsiya. Ch. 4. Zakladka, taksatsiya i opisanie probnykh ploshchadey pri provedenii nauchnykh issledovaniy i podgotovke vypusknykh kvalifikatsionnykh rabot [Forest Taxation. Part 4. Landmarking, inventory and description of trial plots during scientific research and preparation of final qualifying works]. Arkhangelsk: NArFU, 2023, 119 p.
  12. Nakvasina E.N., Golubeva L.V. Identifikatsiya postagrogennykh lesov v natsional’nom parke «Kenozerskiy» [Identification of postagrogenic forests in the Kenozersky National Park]. Vestnik Severnogo (Arkticheskogo) federal’nogo universiteta. Seriya «Estestvennye nauki» [Bulletin of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series «Natural Sciences»], 2015, no. 4, pp. 75–82.
  13. Lyuri D.I., Goryachkin S.V., Karavaeva N.A., Denisenko E.A., Nefedova T.G. Dinamika sel’skokhozyaystvennykh zemel’ Rossii v KhKh veke i postagrogennoe vosstanovlenie rastitel’nosti i pochv [Dynamics of agricultural lands in Russia in the twentieth century and post-agrogenic restoration of vegetation and soils]. Moscow: GEOS, 2010, 426 p.
  14. Matasov V.M. Vnutrilandshaftnaya dinamika ispol’zovaniya zemel’ Meshcherskoy nizmennosti za poslednie 250 let [Intralandscape dynamics of land use in the Meshchera Lowland over the past 250 years]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 5: Geografiya [Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 5: Geography], 2017, no. 4, pp. 65–74.
  15. Kukushkina O.V., Alyabina I.O., Golubinskiy A.A., Khitrov D.A. Materialy general’nogo mezhevaniya kak istochnik kartograficheskoy informatsii dlya kharakteristiki zemlepol’zovaniya v Balakhninskom uezde Nizhegorodskoy gubernii [Materials of general surveying as a source of cartographic information to characterize land use in the Balakhninsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod province]. Izvestiya RAN. Seriya Geograficheskaya [Izvestia of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Geographical Series], 2018, no. 2, pp. 103–117.
  16. Kukushkina O.V., Alyabina I.O., Golubinskiy A.A. Opyt rekonstruktsii zemledel’cheskogo ispol’zovaniya pochvennogo pokrova Balakhninskogo uezda Nizhegorodskoy gubernii v XVIII–XIX vekakh (po kartograficheskim istochnikam) [Experience in reconstructing the agricultural use of soil cover in the Balakhninsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod province in the 18th– 19th centuries (based on cartographic sources)]. Pochvovedenie [Pochvovedenie], 2018, no. 7, pp. 882–892.
  17. Kirillova V.A., Alyabina I.O. Pochvennaya karta Evropeyskoy Rossii 1900 goda kak istochnik informatsii dlya agroekologicheskoy otsenki zemel’ tsentral’nykh guberniy (istoricheskiy aspekt) [Soil map of European Russia in 1900 as a source of information for agroecological assessment of the lands of the central provinces (historical aspect)]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 17. Pochvovedenie [Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 17. Soil Science], 2015, no. 2, pp. 3–12.
  18. Arkhipova M.V. Vosstanovlenie lesov na narushennykh zemlyakh v Natsional’nom parke «Ugra» [Reforestation on disturbed lands in the Ugra National Park]. Moscow University Bulletin. Ser. 5. Geography [Moscow University Bulletin. Ser. 5. Geography], 2017, no. 1, pp. 192–199.
  19. Milov L.V. Velikorusskiy pakhar’ i osobennosti rossiyskogo istoricheskogo protsessa [The Great Russian plowman and the features of the Russian historical process]. Moscow: Rospen, 2001, 576 p.
  20. Golubeva L.V., Nakvasina E.N. Transformatsiya postagrogennykh zemel’ na karbonatnykh otlozheniyakh [Transformation of postagrogenic lands on carbonate deposits]. Arkhangelsk: Kira, 2017, 152 p.
  21. Trubin D.V. Agroforest: pashnya i les v nerazryvnoy svyazi [Agroforest: arable land and forest in an inextricable connection]. Ekopotentsial [Ecopotential], 2016, no. 2(14), pp. 12–21
  22. Golubeva L.V., Nakvasina E.N. Smena napochvennogo pokrova na staropakhotnykh zalezhakh Kargopol’skogo rayona Arkhangel’skoy oblasti [Change of ground cover on old arable fallows of the Kargopol district of the Arkhangelsk region]. Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Vyp. 6 [Scientific notes of Petrozavodsk State University], 2014, v. 6, pp. 67–71.
  23. Plieninger T., Schaich H. Socialist and postsocialist land-use legacies determine farm woodland composition and structure: lessons from Eastern Germany. Eur. J. Forest Res., 2014, no. 133, pp. 597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-014-0788-4
  24. Gusev A.P. Antropogennaya transformatsiya landshaftov i suktsessii rastitel’nosti [Anthropogenic transformation of landscapes and vegetation succession]. Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekologiya i prirodopol’zovanie [Bulletin of Tyumen State University. Ecology and environmental management], 2015, v. 1, no. 2(2), pp. 103–110.
  25. Smit R., Olff H. Woody species colonisation in relation to habitat productivity. Plant Ecology, 1998, no. 139, pp. 203–209. doi: 10.1023/A:1009750216223
  26. Prévosto B., Kuiters L., Bernhardt-Römermann M., Dölle M., Schmidt W., Hoffmann M., Uytvanck J.V., Bohner A., Kreiner D., Stadler J., Klotz S., Brandl R. Impacts of Land Abandonment on Vegetation: Successional Pathways in European Habitats. Folia Geobot, 2011, no. 46, pp. 303–325. doi: 10.1007/s12224-010-9096-z
  27. Bobrovskiy M.V. Lesnye pochvy Evropeyskoy Rossii: bioticheskie i antropogennye faktory formirovaniya [Forest soils of European Russia: biotic and anthropogenic factors of formation]. Moscow: KMK Scientific Publishing Company, 2010, 359 p.
  28. Clark J.D., Johnson A.H. Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in Post-Agricultural Forest Soils of Western New England. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 2011, no. 75, pp. 1530–1542. doi: 10.2136/sssaj2010.0180
  29. Golubeva L.V., Nakvasina E.N. Zarastanie drevesnoy rastitel’nost’yu postagrogennykh zemel’ na karbonatnykh otlozheniyakh Arkhangel’skoy oblasti [Overgrowth of woody vegetation on postagrogenic lands on carbonate deposits of the Arkhangelsk region]. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii [News of the St. Petersburg Forestry Academy], 2015, v. 210, pp. 25–36.
  30. Blynskaya T.A., Lyubova S.V., Kononov O.D., Nakvasina E.N. Agroekologicheskaya otsenka sel’skokhozyaystvennykh ugodiy Arkhangel’skoy oblasti [Agroecological assessment of agricultural land in the Arkhangelsk region]. Arkhangelsk: NARFU, 2013, 124 p.
  31. Sklyarov G.A., Sharova A.N. Pochvy lesov Evropeyskogo Severa [Soils of forests of the European North]. Moscow: Nauka, 1970, 269 p.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2024 Kozykin A.V., Nakvasina E.N.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 68118 от  21.12.2016.