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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лесной вестник / Forestry Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2542-1468</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">706236</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18698/2542-1468-2025-5-62-74</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Forest crops, breeding and genetics</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Лесные культуры, селекция и генетика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Endogenous and individual variability of Scots pine (<italic>Pinus sylvestris</italic> L.) cones’ morphometric parameters</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эндогенная и индивидуальная изменчивость морфометрических показателей шишек сосны обыкновенной (<italic>Pinus sylvestris</italic> L.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryntsev</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брынцев</surname><given-names>Владимир Альбертович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Associate Professor, Chief Research Scientist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р с.-х. наук, доцент, гл. науч. сотр. лаборатории дендрологии</p></bio><email>bryntsev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Главный ботанический сад имени Н.В. Цицина Российской академии наук» (ГБС РАН),</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Bryntsev V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Брынцев В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bryntsev V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Брынцев В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706236">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706236</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes endogenous and individual variability of Scots pine cones’ morphological features. Cone features are widely used in forestry and dendrological literature to characterize populations, ecotypes, climatypes and forms. However, there are very few detailed studies of endogenous variability of Scots pine cones, which determines the possibility of using them to assess group variability, in the literature, which indicates the relevance of the research. The work studied quantitative such linear indicators as cone length, its width in the closed and open state, seed scales length, length, width and thickness of the shield, umbo length and width. Endogenous and individual variability in the shape of the apophysis was also studied. In addition to linear morphometric features, relative quantitative indicators were studied that reflect both the shape of the cone and the shape of its parts (seed scales, apophysis, umbo). The level of endogenous variability depends on the variability level of the linear indices, the ratio of which they are obtained, and on the degree of correlation between these linear indices. The conducted analysis of statistical indices of morphometric features variability showed that all the studied quantitative indices of cones had predominantly low levels of endogenous and individual variability, therefore these features can be used to study group variability. Relative indices of cones had even lower levels of endogenous and individual variability. They have an advantage in studying group variability, since they indirectly characterize the shape of cones and reflect the correlation relationships established in it. The study of the shape of the apophysis showed that its endogenous variability differs from medium to very high, and individual variability differs from increased to very high. Therefore, its use for studying group variability is inappropriate.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приведен анализ эндогенной и индивидуальной изменчивости морфологических признаков шишек сосны обыкновенной (<italic>Pinus</italic><italic> </italic><italic>sylvestris</italic> L.), проведенный по результатам изучения таких линейных количественных показателей, как: длина и ширина шишки в закрытом и открытом состоянии, длина семенных чешуй, длина, ширина и толщина щитка, длина и ширина пупка. Приведены результаты изучения качественных признаков шишек по форме щитка (апофиза). Представлены материалы изучения относительных показателей формы шишек и их частей (семенных чешуй, щитков, пупков). Показана зависимость уровня эндогенной изменчивости относительных показателей от уровня изменчивости линейных показателей и от степени корреляции линейных показателей. Установлен преимущественно низкий уровень эндогенной и индивидуальной изменчивости количественных признаков шишек, что указывает на возможность их использования для оценки групповой изменчивости. Выявлено преимущество относительных количественных показателей шишек для изучения групповой изменчивости, они косвенно характеризуют форму шишек и ее частей и отражают внутренние корреляции между линейными признаками. Определено варьирование эндогенной изменчивости формы щитка (апофиза) от среднего до очень высокого уровня, а индивидуальной — от повышенного до очень высокого уровня. Рекомендуется не использовать форму щитка (апофиза) для оценки групповой изменчивости.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endogenous variability</kwd><kwd>individual variability</kwd><kwd>cone morphology</kwd><kwd>Scots pine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндогенная изменчивость</kwd><kwd>индивидуальная изменчивость</kwd><kwd>морфология шишек</kwd><kwd>сосна обыкновенная</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-00745-22-01</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research carried out within the framework of the state assignment of Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences on topic № 22042700002-6.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания ГБС РАН № 122042700002-6.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christenhusz M., Reveal J., Farjon A., Gardner M., Mill R., Chase M. 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