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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лесной вестник / Forestry Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2542-1468</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">706265</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18698/2542-1468-2025-6-158-170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Wood processing and chemical processing of wood</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Деревообработка и химическая переработка древесины</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Physico-chemical modeling of high-frequency plasma modification of wood: from atomic mechanisms to engineering process optimization</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физико-химическое моделирование высокочастотной плазменной модификации древесины</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safin</surname><given-names>Ruslan R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафин</surname><given-names>Руслан Рушанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Professor, Head of the Department of Architecture and Design of Wood Products</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой «Архитектура и дизайн изделий из древесины»</p></bio><email>cfaby@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saerova</surname><given-names>Ksenia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саерова</surname><given-names>Ксения Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>senya97@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan National Research Technological University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет» (КНИТУ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Safin R.R., Saerova K.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Сафин Р.Р., Саерова К.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safin R.R., Saerova K.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафин Р.Р., Саерова К.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706265">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706265</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A mathematical model of high-frequency low-temperature plasma surface modification of wood is presented, developed through the synergistic integration of molecular dynamics simulations and experimental spectroscopic data. The mechanism of oxygen ion (100 eV) bombardment of the cellulose surface has been simulated in detail, revealing the specific types of cleaved bonds — C-C, C-O, C-H, and OH — and the subsequent formation of macroradicals. A theoretical description of the key chemical reactions between these radicals and air plasma components is provided, explaining the formation of polar functional groups on the surface, namely hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (-C=O), and carboxyl (-COOH) groups. Experimental verification was carried out using FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which quantitatively confirmed an 82,5 % increase in the O:C atomic ratio and a significant rise in oxidized functional groups following plasma treatment. A mathematical model describing the kinetics of C-C bond cleavage within the surface nanolayer as a function of discharge power and treatment time was developed. The optimal treatment duration was determined to be 10 minutes, beyond which the modification process plateaus. The model demonstrates high adaptability, enabling its recalibration for different functional groups and wood constituents (e.g., lignin, hemicellulose) as well as various technological parameters.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлена математическая модель процесса высокочастотной низкотемпературной плазменной модификации поверхности древесины, основанная на синергии молекулярно-динамического моделирования и экспериментальных спектроскопических данных. Детально смоделирован механизм ионной бомбардировки поверхности целлюлозы ионами кислорода (100 эВ). Выявлены типы разрываемых связей (C-C, C-O, C-H, O-H) и образование макрорадикалов. Изложено теоретическое описание ключевых химических реакций между радикалами и компонентами воздушной плазмы, приводящие к формированию на поверхности полярных функциональных групп: гидроксильных (-OH), карбонильных (-C=O) и карбоксильных (-COOH). Проведена экспериментальная верификация с помощью ИК- и рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии, количественно подтвердившая увеличение соотношения O:C на 82,5 % и рост содержания окисленных групп после плазменной обработки. Построена математическая модель, описывающая кинетику разрыва C-C связей в поверхностном нанослое в зависимости от мощности разряда и времени обработки. Установлена оптимальная продолжительность обработки — 10 мин. Определена высокая адаптивность модели, что позволяет подстроить ее под разные функциональные группы и компоненты древесины (лигнин, гемицеллюлоза), а также под различные технологические параметры.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>molecular dynamics</kwd><kwd>plasma treatment</kwd><kwd>wood</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>XPS spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>functional groups</kwd><kwd>thermal modification</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярная динамика</kwd><kwd>плазменная обработка</kwd><kwd>древесина</kwd><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>фотоэлектронная спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>функциональные группы</kwd><kwd>термическая модификация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wascher R., Kühn C., Avramidis G. Plywood made from plasma-treated veneers: melamine uptake, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties. J. 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