Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry BulletinLesnoy Vestnik / Forestry BulletinЛесной вестник / Forestry Bulletin2542-1468Eco-Vector70653210.18698/2542-1468-2025-2-82-93Wood processing and chemical processing of woodДеревообработка и химическая переработка древесиныResearch ArticleBleaching procedure of beech, oak, maple and ash veneers and its effect on IR spectraПроцедура осветления букового, дубового, кленового и ясеневого шпонов и ее влияние на ИК-спектрыBaskakovSergey A.БаскаковСергей Алексеевич
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Researcher

канд. хим. наук, ст. науч. сотр.

sabaskakov@gmail.comBaskakovaYuliya V.БаскаковаЮлия Владимировна
Russian Federation

Сand. Sci. (Chem.), Junior Researcher

канд. хим. наук, мл. науч. сотр.

yuvl@icp.ac.ruZharkovskayaAnastasiya V.ЖарковскаяАнастасия Вадимовна
Russian Federation

Engineer

инженер

alperovich.av@phystech.eduKrasnikovaSvetlana S.КрасниковаСветлана Сергеевна
Russian Federation

Сand. Sci. (Chem.), Researcher

канд. хим. наук, науч. сотр.

sabaskakov@gmail.comKabachkovEvgeny N.КабачковЕвгений Николаевич
Russian Federation

Researcher

науч. сотр.

kabachkov@issp.ac.ruShulgaYury M.ШульгаЮрий Макарович
Russian Federation

Сand. Sci. (Chem.), Leading Researcher

канд. хим. наук, вед. науч. сотр.

yshulga@gmail.comFederal Research Center for Problems of Chemical Physics and Medical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of SciencesФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр проблем химической физики и медицинской химии Российской академии наук»Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics RASИнститут физики твердого тела имени Ю.А. Осипьяна Российской академии наук (ИФТТ РАН)1504202529282932104202621042026Copyright ©; 2025, Baskakov S.A., Baskakova Y.V., Zharkovskaya A.V., Krasnikova S.S., Kabachkov E.N., Shulga Y.M.Copyright ©; 2025, Баскаков С.А., Баскакова Ю.В., Жарковская А.В., Красникова С.С., Кабачков Е.Н., Шульга Ю.М.2025Baskakov S.A., Baskakova Y.V., Zharkovskaya A.V., Krasnikova S.S., Kabachkov E.N., Shulga Y.M.Баскаков С.А., Баскакова Ю.В., Жарковская А.В., Красникова С.С., Кабачков Е.Н., Шульга Ю.М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706532

Bleached or transparent wood can ideally be used to replace window glass, as it has greater impact strength, sufficient transparency and low specific gravity. There are also reports of the decorative appeal of bleached wood. Usually, bleaching is carried out using chemical reagents containing chlorites or sulfites. In this work, we used a more environmentally friendly reagent for bleaching such as hydrogen peroxide. The bleaching procedure was carried out for beech, oak, maple and ash veneers. The procedures for impregnating the veneer with epoxy resin and determining the Klason lignin are also described. For all the samples studied, it was found that after bleaching and drying, a decrease in size (shrinkage) occurs in the direction perpendicular to the growth direction. For the first time, using IR spectroscopy, it was found that such bleaching removes components with weak hydrogen bonds from the veneer. Using the decomposition of the IR spectrum fragment in the region of 1800…1500 cm–1, the absorption bands of the stretching vibrations of C=O bonds were isolated and the effect of reducing the concentration of components containing carbonyl groups in the bleached wood was confirmed. It was shown that the efficiency of lignin removal depends significantly on the wood type.

Описана в простейшем варианте известная концепция прозрачной древесины и указаны публикации, посвященные этому вопросу. Проведена процедура осветления для шпона бука, дуба, клена и ясеня с использованием только пероксида водорода вместо традиционных химических реактивов, содержащих хлориты или сульфиты. Для всех исследованных образцов было установлено, что после осветления и сушки происходит уменьшение размера (усадка) в направлении, перпендикулярном направлению роста. Впервые с использованием ИК-спектроскопии обнаружено, что при таком осветлении из шпона удаляются компоненты со слабыми водородными связями. Используя декомпозицию фрагмента ИК-спектра в области 1800…1500 см–1, были выделены полосы поглощения валентных колебаний связей С=О и подтвержден эффект уменьшения в осветленной древесине концентрации компонентов, имеющих в своем составе карбонильные группы. Описаны также процедуры пропитки осветленного шпона эпоксидной смолой и определения лигнина Класона. Показано, что эффективность удаления лигнина существенным образом зависит от сорта древесины.

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