<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Lesnoy Vestnik / Forestry Bulletin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лесной вестник / Forestry Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2542-1468</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">706952</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18698/2542-1468-2024-3-78-86</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biological and technological aspects of forestry</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Биологические и технологические аспекты лесного хозяйства</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clarification of consepts about soil water stability mechanism</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Уточнение представлений о механизме водоустойчивости почв</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushkova</surname><given-names>Dar’ya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student of the Faculty of Soil Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка факультета почвоведения</p></bio><email>gennadiy.fedotov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorepekin</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горепекин</surname><given-names>Иван Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Eurasian Center for Food Security, Faculty of Soil Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Евразийского центра по продовольственной безопасности, Факультет почвоведения МГУ</p></bio><email>decembrist96@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotov</surname><given-names>Gennadiy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотов</surname><given-names>Геннадий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher of the Faculty of Soil Science</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. факультета почвоведения</p></bio><email>gennadiy.fedotov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batyrev</surname><given-names>Yuriy P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батырев</surname><given-names>Юрий Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>batyrev@mgul.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">BMSTU (Mytishchi branch)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный технический университет имени Н.Э. Баумана (национальный исследовательский университет)» (Мытищинский филиал)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-28"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-28"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Ushkova D.A., Gorepekin I.V., Fedotov G.N., Batyrev Y.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Ушкова Д.А., Горепекин И.В., Федотов Г.Н., Батырев Ю.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushkova D.A., Gorepekin I.V., Fedotov G.N., Batyrev Y.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушкова Д.А., Горепекин И.В., Федотов Г.Н., Батырев Ю.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706952">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2542-1468/article/view/706952</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aggregate composition of soils and the water stability of aggregates are related to soil organic matter, its quantity and quality, but so far there is no satisfactory hypothesis explaining the mechanisms of this relationship. The purpose of the work is to verify the significance of the wedging water pressure influence on soil water stability and clarify ideas about the mechanism of this phenomenon. The assessment of soil water stability was carried out by the author's method of blades. The conducted verification showed that its correlation with the Savvinov wet sieving method carried out on 17 soil samples exceeds 85 %. During the experiments, it was found that when the units come into contact with water, their water stability decreases exponentially. The decrease in water stability in contact with water is usually explained by the wedging water pressure. Our experiments on replacing water with salt solutions during capillary humidification of aggregates did not confirm this theory. Therefore, using a scanning electron microscope, we tested the solution obtained after capillary contact of the aggregates with water. It was found that during capillary contact of aggregates with water, a labile part of humic substances is released there. Thus, the water stability of soil samples in contact with water is reduced due to the release of HS and a decrease in the number of structure-forming bonds in the aggregate.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Агрегатный состав почв и водоустойчивость агрегатов связаны с органическим веществом почв, его количеством и качеством, но до сих пор не существует удовлетворительной гипотезы, объясняющей механизмы этой взаимосвязи. Цель работы — проверка значимости влияния расклинивающего давления воды на водоустойчивость почв и уточнение представлений о механизме данного свойства. Оценку водоустойчивости почв проводили авторским методом лезвий. Проведенная проверка показала, что его корреляция с методом мокрого просеивания по Саввинову, проведенная на 17 образцах почв, превышает 85 %. В ходе экспериментов установлено, что при контакте агрегатов с водой их водоустойчивость экспоненциально снижается. Снижение водоустойчивости при контакте с водой принято объяснять расклинивающим давлением воды. Проведенные эксперименты по замене воды на растворы соли при капиллярном увлажнении агрегатов не подтвердили эту теорию. Поэтому при помощи растрового электронного микроскопа был проверен раствор, полученный после капиллярного контакта агрегатов с водой. Установлено, что при капиллярном контакте агрегатов с водой туда выделяется лабильная части гуминовых веществ. Таким образом, водоустойчивость почвенных образцов при контакте с водой снижается за счет выхода гуминовых веществ и уменьшения количества структурообразующих связей в агрегате.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>water stability and organic matter of the soil</kwd><kwd>wedging water pressure</kwd><kwd>temperature effect on water stability</kwd><kwd>diphilicity of soil organic matter</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>водоустойчивость и органическое вещество почв</kwd><kwd>расклинивающее давление воды</kwd><kwd>влияние температуры на водоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>дифильность органического вещества почв</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamichhane J.R., Debaeke P., Steinberg C., You M.P., Barbetti M.J., Aubertot J.N. Abiotic and biotic factors affecting crop seed germination and seedling emergence: a conceptual framework. Plant and soil, 2018, v. 432, pp. 1–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamichhane J.R., Debaeke P., Steinberg C., You M.P., Barbetti M.J., Aubertot J.N. Abiotic and biotic factors affecting crop seed germination and seedling emergence: a conceptual framework // Plant and soil, 2018, v. 432, pp. 1–28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haydu-Houdeshella C-A., Grahamb R.C., Hendrixc P.F.,Petersonc A.C. Soil aggregate stability under chaparral species in southern California. Geoderma, 2018, v. 320, pp. 201–208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haydu-Houdeshella C-A., Grahamb R.C., Hendrixc P.F.,Petersonc A.C. Soil aggregate stability under chaparral species in southern California // Geoderma, 2018, v. 320, pp. 201–208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao J., Nierop K.G.J., Dekker S.C., Dekker L.W., Chen B. Understanding the mechanisms of soil water repellency from nanoscale to ecosystem scale: a review. J. of Soils and Sediments, 2019, v. 19, pp. 171–185.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao J., Nierop K.G.J., Dekker S.C., Dekker L.W., Chen B. Understanding the mechanisms of soil water repellency from nanoscale to ecosystem scale: a review // J. of Soils and Sediments, 2019, v. 19, pp. 171–185.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova O.I., Burakov D.A. Eroziya pochv [Soil erosion]. Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyarskiy gosudarstvenniy agrarniy universitet, 2020, 103 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова О.И., Бураков Д.А. Эрозия почв. Красноярск: Изд-во Красноярского государственного аграрного университета, 2020. 103 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rychkova M. I. Vodoprochnost’ pochvy i urozhajnost’ ozimoy pshenicy v zavisimosti ot sposoba osnovnoy obrabotki i predshestvennika na erozionno-opasnom sklone [Soil water stability and yield of winter wheat depending on the method of main processing and the predecessor on the erosion-hazardous slope]. Zhivye i biokosnye sistemy, 2020, no. 31. Available at: https://jbks.ru/archive/issue-31/article-4 (accessed 15.02.2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рычкова М.И. Водопрочность почвы и урожайность озимой пшеницы в зависимости от способа основной обработки и предшественника на эрозионно-опасном склоне // Живые и биокосные системы, 2020. № 31. URL: https://jbks.ru/archive/issue-31/article-4 (дата обращения 15.02.2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vershinin P.V. Pochvennaya struktura i usloviya ee formirovaniya [Soil structure and conditions of its formation]. Moscow: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1958, 188 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вершинин П.В. Почвенная структура и условия ее формирования М.: Издательство Академии наук СССР, 1958. 188 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolayeva E.I. Ustoychivost’ pochvennykh agregatov k vodnym i mekhanicheskim vozdeystviyam [Resistance of soil aggregates to water and mechanical influences]. Diss. Cand. Sci. (Biol.), MSU. Moscow, 2016, 104 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаева Е.И. Устойчивость почвенных агрегатов к водным и механическим воздействиям: дис. ... канд. биол. наук МГУ. М., 2016. 104 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghezelbash E., Hossein Mohammadi M., Shorafa M. Investigation of Soil Mechanical Resistance Threshold Values for Two Wheat Cultivars in a Loamy Sand Soil. J. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2022, pp. 1–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghezelbash E., Hossein Mohammadi M., Shorafa M. Investigation of Soil Mechanical Resistance Threshold Values for Two Wheat Cultivars in a Loamy Sand Soil // J. of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2022, v. 22, pp. 1–12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schjønninga P., Lamandéa M., Munkholma L.J., Lyngvigb H.S., Nielsenb J.Aa. Soil precompression stress, penetration resistance and crop yields in relation to differently-trafficked, temperate-region sandy loam soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, v. 163, pp. 298–308.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schjønninga P., Lamandéa M., Munkholma L.J., Lyngvigb H.S., Nielsenb J.Aa. Soil precompression stress, penetration resistance and crop yields in relation to differently-trafficked, temperate-region sandy loam soils // Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, v. 163, pp. 298–308.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Totsche K.U., Amelung W., Gerzabek M.H., Guggenberger G., Klumpp E., Knief C., Lehndorff E., Mikutta R. Peth S., Prechtel A., Ray N., Kögel-Knabner I. Microaggregates in soils. J. of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2018, v. 181, no. 1, pp. 104–136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Totsche K.U., Amelung W., Gerzabek M.H., Guggenberger G., Klumpp E., Knief C., Lehndorff E., Mikutta R. Peth S., Prechtel A., Ray N., Kögel-Knabner I. Microaggregates in soils // J. of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2018, v. 181, no. 1, pp. 104–136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verchot L.V., Dutaur L., Shepherd K.D., Albrecht A. Organic matter stabilization in soil aggregates: Understanding the biogeochemical mechanisms that determine the fate of carbon inputs in soils. Geoderma, 2011, v. 161(3–4), pp. 182–193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verchot L.V., Dutaur L., Shepherd K.D., Albrecht A. Organic matter stabilization in soil aggregates: Understanding the biogeochemical mechanisms that determine the fate of carbon inputs in soils // Geoderma, 2011, v. 161(3–4), pp. 182–193.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">García-González I., Quemada M., Gabriel J.L., Alonso-Ayuso M., Hontoria C. Legacy of eight year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants. J. of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2018, v. 181, no. 6, pp. 818–826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">García-González I., Quemada M., Gabriel J.L., Alonso-Ayuso M., Hontoria C. Legacy of eight year cover cropping on mycorrhizae, soil, and plants // J. of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2018, v. 181, no. 6, pp. 818–826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lucas M., Schlüter S., Vogel H.J., Vetterlein D. Soil structure formation along an agricultural chronosequence. Geoderma, 2019, v. 350, pp. 61–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lucas M., Schlüter S., Vogel H.J., Vetterlein D. Soil structure formation along an agricultural chronosequence // Geoderma, 2019, v. 350, pp. 61–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rowley M.C., Grand S., Verrecchia É.P. Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon. Biogeochemistry, 2018, v. 137, no. 1–2, pp. 27–49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rowley M.C., Grand S., Verrecchia É.P. Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon // Biogeochemistry, 2018, v. 137, no. 1–2, pp. 27–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song R., Liu L., ChunSheng W., LiYan M. Effect of soybean root exudates on soil aggregate size and stability. J. of Northeast Forestry University, 2009, v. 37, no. 7, pp. 84–86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song R., Liu L., ChunSheng W., LiYan M. Effect of soybean root exudates on soil aggregate size and stability // J. of Northeast Forestry University, 2009, v. 37, no. 7, pp. 84–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naveed M., Brown L.K., Raffan A.C., George T.S., Bengough A.G., Roose T., Sinclair I., Koebernick N., Cooper L., Hackett C.A., Hallett P.D. Plant exudates may stabilize or weaken soil depending on species, origin and time. European J. of Soil Science, 2017, v. 68, no. 6, pp. 806–816.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naveed M., Brown L.K., Raffan A.C., George T.S., Bengough A.G., Roose T., Sinclair I., Koebernick N., Cooper L., Hackett C.A., Hallett P.D. Plant exudates may stabilize or weaken soil depending on species, origin and time // European J. of Soil Science, 2017, v. 68, no. 6, pp. 806–816.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vogelmann E.S., Reichert J.M., Prevedello J., Awe G.O., Mataix-Solera J. Can occurrence of soil hydrophobicity promote the increase of aggregates stability? Catena, 2013, v. 110, pp. 24–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vogelmann E.S., Reichert J.M., Prevedello J., Awe G.O., Mataix-Solera J. Can occurrence of soil hydrophobicity promote the increase of aggregates stability? // Catena, 2013, v. 110, pp. 24–31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milanovskiy E.Yu. Gumusovye veshchestva pochv kak prirodnye gidrofobno-gidrofil’nye soedineniya [Humus substances of soils as natural hydrophobic-hydrophilic compounds]. Moscow: GEOS, 2009, 186 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Милановский Е.Ю. Гумусовые вещества почв как природные гидрофобно-гидрофильные соединения. М.: ГЕОС, 2009. 186 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shein E.V., Milanovskiy E.Yu. Rol’ i znachenie organicheskogo veshchestva v obrazovanii i ustoychivosti pochvennykh agregatov [The role and significance of organic matter in the formation and stability of soil aggregates]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 2003, no. 1, pp. 3–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шеин Е.В., Милановский Е.Ю. Роль и значение органического вещества в образовании и устойчивости почвенных агрегатов // Почвоведение, 2003. № 1. С. 3–61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedotov G.N., Dobrovol’skiy G.V. Vozmozhnye puti formirovaniya nanostruktury v pochvennykh gelyakh [Possible ways of nanostructure formation in soil gels]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 2012, no. 8, pp. 908–920.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федотов Г.Н., Добровольский Г.В. Возможные пути формирования наноструктуры в почвенных гелях // Почвоведение, 2012. № 8. С. 908–920.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shinkarev A.A., Mel’nikov L.V., Zaynullin T.E. Priroda vodoprochnosti agregatov gumusovykh gorizontov temno-seroy lesnoy pochvy [The nature of water resistance of aggregates of humus horizons in dark gray forest soil]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1999, no. 3, pp. 348–353.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шинкарев А.А., Мельников Л.В., Зайнуллин Т.Е. Природа водопрочности агрегатов гумусовых горизонтов темно-серой лесной почвы // Почвоведение, 1999. № 3. С. 348–353.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shinkarev A.A., Perepelkina E.B. Soderzhanie i sostav gumusovykh veshchestv v vodoprochnykh agregatakh temno-seroy lesnoy pochvy [The content and composition of humic substances in water-stable aggregates of dark gray forest soil]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1997, no. 2, pp. 165–172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шинкарев А.А., Перепелкина Е.Б. Содержание и состав гумусовых веществ в водопрочных агрегатах темно-серой лесной почвы // Почвоведение, 1997. № 2. С. 165–172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kogut B.M. Transformatsiya gumusovogo sostoyaniya chernozemov pri ikh sel’skokhozyaystvennom ispol’zovanii [Transformation of the humus state of chernozems during their agricultural use]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 1998, no. 7, pp. 794–802.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Когут Б.М. Трансформация гумусового состояния черноземов при их сельскохозяйственном использовании // Почвоведение, 1998. № 7. С. 794–802.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kogut B.M. Printsipy i metody otsenki soderzhaniya transformiruemogo organicheskogo veshchestva v pakhotnykh pochvakh [Principles and methods for assessing the content of transformed organic matter in arable soils]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 2003, no. 3, pp. 308–316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Когут Б.М. Принципы и методы оценки содержания трансформируемого органического вещества в пахотных почвах // Почвоведение, 2003. № 3. С. 308–316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipov V.I. Fiziko-khimicheskaya teoriya effektivnykh napryazheniy v gruntakh [Physico-chemical theory of effective stresses in soils]. Gruntovedenie [Ground Science], 2013, no. 2, pp. 3–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипов В.И. Физико-химическая теория эффективных напряжений в грунтах // Грунтоведение, 2013. № 2. C. 3–34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ushkova D.A, Konkina U.A., Gorepekin I.V., Potapov D.I., Shein E.V., Fedotov G.N. Ustoychivost’ agregatov pakhotnykh pochv: eksperimental’noe opredelenie i normativnaya kharakteristik [Stability of aggregates of arable soils: experimental determination and normative characteristics]. Pochvovedenie [Eurasian Soil Science], 2023, v. 56, no. 2, pp. 203–210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ушкова Д.А, Конкина У.А., Горепекин И.В., Потапов Д.И., Шеин Е.В., Федотов Г.Н. Устойчивость агрегатов пахотных почв: экспериментальное определение и нормативная характеристик // Почвоведение, 2023. № 2. C. 203–210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vadyunina A.F., Korchagina Z.A. Metody issledovaniya fizicheskikh svoystv pochv [Methods for studying the physical properties of soils]. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1986, 416 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вадюнина А.Ф., Корчагина З.А. Методы исследования физических свойств почв. М.: Агропромиздат, 1986. 416 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dexter A.R., Horn R., Kemper W. Two mechanisms of age hardening. J. Soil Sci., 1988, v. 39, pp. 163–175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dexter A.R., Horn R., Kemper W. Two mechanisms of age hardening // J. Soil Sci., 1988, v. 39, pp. 163–175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinogradova O.I. Osobennosti gidrodinamicheskogo i ravnovesnogo vzaimodeystviya gidrofobnykh poverkhnostey [Features of hydrodynamic and equilibrium interaction of hydrophobic surfaces]. Diss. Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.). Moscow. 2000, 175 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Виноградова О.И. Особенности гидродинамического и равновесного взаимодействия гидрофобных поверхностей: дис. ... д-ра физ.-мат. наук. М., 2000. 175 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deryagin B.V., Churaev N.V. Smachivayushchie plenki [Wetting films]. Nauka [Science], 1984, 159 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дерягин Б.В., Чураев Н.В. Смачивающие пленки. М.: Наука, 1984. 159 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
