Vol 29, No 3 (2025)

The pigment composition in the leaves of two Birch (Betula L.) congeners, namely Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Karelian birch (Betula pendula var. carelica Merckl.), have been studied. The principle of the only logical difference is observed, as well as the basic requirements for its formulation during experiments. Field full-scale methods of collecting the source material from the fixation of morphometric parameters of the leaf apparatus in the laboratory were applied. It was found that the average values of each studied plant have minor differences in the total pigment content, they are for Karelian birch 2,346 ± 0,04 mg/g and for Silver birch 2,508 ± 0,04 mg/g. A slight advantage of the content of plastid pigments in the native species relative to the introduced one was noted. The predominance of chlorophyll b over chlorophyll a was found in both plants, which in turn is explained by the high density of crown closure in plantations of natural and artificial origin. The differences between the studied representatives of the genus birch in the content and ratio of plastid pigments were recorded and their significance was confirmed by the results of two-factor dispersion analysis. There was a significant influence of differences in the affiliation of the compared samples to the typical form and variety of birch with decorative wood texture on the formation of phenotypic variability, which reached 15,33 ± 0,47 % (according to the Plokhinsky method) and 21,92 ± 0,43 % (according to the Snedekor algorithm). It is proved that the phenotypic differences of the studied genus birch in the content and ratio of plastid pigments are genotypically determined and justified by the fact of their close growth against the background of homogeneous forest conditions. At the same time, there is a strong influence of unorganized factors, which in some cases were predominant and reached 59,86 %.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of carbon sequestration by forest crops of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.) at an early age in the Vologda region. The objects of the study were nine trial areas in forest crops created by planting material with a bare root and root-balled tree systems. When counting seedlings, the diameter at the root collar was measured, as well as the height and size of the crown, the growth of the apical shoot for each year. The species composition of the woody and shrubby vegetation in the cuttings is analyzed. The description of the species composition of the ground vegetation at the studied objects was carried out. For a correct assessment of the carbon sequestration in the forest crops phytomass created as a result of reforestation or afforestation, it is necessary to conduct studies of the depositing capacity of artificial plantations of various ages. The largest amount of phytomass and carbon sequestration is concentrated in the aboveground parts of trees in forest crops. The total phytomass and the reserve of carbon sequestration in forest crops of spruce were determined depending on their age. An annual increase of apical shoot height after the age above 5 years has been established.

The research findings of the current state of pine stands in the suburban forests of the City of Barnaul, which are a part of the Barnaul ribbon pine forest, are discussed. Based on the field data obtained on permanent trial plots located at different distances from the city boundaries, the current state of the main components of the plantings is described, namely a forest stand, undergrowth, understory, and ground vegetation. In the samples of soil, wood and pine needles, the content of heavy metals has the regional background values; the leading anthropogenic factor in the green zone of the City of Barnaul is recreation, rather than technogenic pollution. It has been found that pine stands of different ages have a weakened state throughout the entire forest stand, mainly due to the lack of timely cleaning cuttings and selection cuttings. Pine undergrowth near the city boundaries is weakened by recreation; in some areas it is absent due to suppression by ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo L.) undergrowth. The proportion of synanthropic plant species in the undergrowth and ground vegetation increases when approaching the city limits. Based on the key indices of the planting, an original scale has been compiled according to which the pine forests of the green zone of the City of Barnaul have a medium and high class of anthropogenic structural sustainability.

Archival materials related to the phenological observations made by G.E. Ioganzen, a professor at TSU in the Department of Comparative Anatomy and Vertebrate Zoology, being an outstanding zoologist, ornithologist, entomologist, phenologist (1866-1930) were analyzed. A comparative analysis of published and unpublished works was carried out. The documents related to the life and work of G.E Ioganzen assembled in two collections: Rare Books and Manuscripts Department of Tomsk State University Research Library (ORKP) and the State Archives of the Tomsk Region (GATO). The main materials related to phenological observations (autographs, notebooks with pasted newspaper clippings, some published works) are in the ORKP. A study of both parts of the archivecollected by G.E. Ioganzen showed that there are a number of inaccuracies in publications devoted to the work of the scientist. In a comparative analysis of the published and unpublished works of G.E. Ioganzen, several autographs were identified that are not mentioned in the special literature. It is shown that the notes made by G.E. Ioganzen have not only scientific, but historical and cultural value. Some notes can serve as indirect evidence of the use of certain species of woody plants in landscape gardening of the city, and sometimes even specific places of their growth are indicated in them. Fragments of the manuscript «The Bases of Tomsk Phenology» are published, containing data on the average long-term dates of the onset of phenophases in a number of native and introduced species of woody plants, observations of which were carried out in the University grove, in the city and its environs, as well as in the suburban area Gorodok on the left bank of the river Tom.

The article proposes to divide decorative perennial herbaceous plants into the following groups according to the habitus dynamics, considering their pheno-rhythmotypes: structural; unstable-decorative (spring, spring-autumn, summer, summer-autumn, autumn growth type) and stable-decorative. A review of the collection of perennial ornamental herbaceous plants with their distribution into groups of habitus dynamics is made, examples of plants for each group are given. Recommendations on the maintenance of plants of different groups in floral compositions are considered. Approaches to the selection of plant assortment in the development of floral design projects considering the dynamics of their habitus are proposed.

The article studies the materials on corrosion inhibitors based on wood bark extracts. Optimal conditions for obtaining extracts from pine bark and spruce bark are determined. Aqueous extracts of pine bark and spruce bark have been studied as inhibitors of acid corrosion of St3 steel. Corrosion tests of steel samples were carried out under conditions modelling industrial salt-acid washing and cleaning of cooking and heat-exchange equipment from scale and deposits in the pulp and paper industry. High protective efficiency of the proposed «green inhibitors» has been established

The article considers modeling of time series characteristics related to obtaining food products based on statistical methods. The analyzed characteristics of time series are divided into three groups by dynamicstochastic properties: 1) characteristics of time series described by significant multilevel trends with significant coefficients of regression expressions; 2) characteristics of time series with higher dispersion than the characteristics of the first group; 3) characteristics of time series that are random or have significant low autocorrelation coefficients, for example, climatic and ecological ones. The revealed statistical patterns of the characteristics considered are presented. An algorithm for stochastic optimization of the parametric problem of food production under conditions of the transition of values of the time series characteristics of the model into events is proposed.