Vol 29, No 1 (2025)

Based on the analysis of the existing control procedure and technology of landscape fire control, the technical support of the primary link of prevention and elimination of landscape fires is proposed. It is established that the forestry reform carried out in our country at the beginning of the century has led to the lack of an effective landscape firefighting. The necessity of changing the structure of the primary link of landscape firefighting and equipping it with special multifunctional equipment has been substantiated. It is shown that one of the main links in this work is the creation of a universal technical base that allows to deliver firefighting equipment to the place of emergency. The paper proposes a conceptual solution of the universal carrier vehicle and provides a generalised approach to the calculation of the system carriers of the body of a separate section of the carrier vehicle. It is shown that as a carrier vehicle it is advisable to use an articulated scheme with one power module and a set of trailed active modules carrying specialised technological firefighting equipment.

Personnel staffing of the timber industry is a topical issue for our country. The solution of this problem depends not only on the quality of students' education at universities, but also on their motivation to work in the forestry sector. One of the effective ways of motivation is to increase the students' interest in forestry professions through their education. Students' interest in forestry professions through their involvement in technical creativity. The aim of this study is to describe the experience of application technical creativity of students by solving topical problems of the forestry complex enterprises in the framework of the graduate qualification work (GQW) to increase the motivation of graduates to work in the forest industry. To achieve the goal, it was necessary to do the following tasks: on the basis of the educational and industrial training to choose the topical issues for the enterprise; in accordance with the available knowledge and elements of technical creativity to propose ways of its solution; to implement the proposed ideas within the framework of the GQW. The article describes stepby-step process of creative work of students on creation of the laboratory installation for research of wood drying process, designed and manufactured by them within the framework of work on final qualification works. The installation is used when conducting career guidance activities for potential entrants as an actual object of creativity of students arouses the interest of schoolchildren when conducting career guidance activities. The method of pedagogical experiment and the method of observation were used in carrying out the work. As a result of the research was the practical possibility of designing laboratory installations by students; the observation of students' work showed the growth of their interest to work on the installation as it acquires a finished form; the construction of an operating installation significantly increased the confidence of graduates when reporting on the work in progress compared to students performing standard works. The developments made by the results of the research were noted by the commission as having practical significance for the enterprises of the timber industry complex. The main result of the research was the employment of the project participants at the enterprises of the timber industry complex.

A topical issue nowadays is the lack of control, monitoring and conservation of forest regions. To solve the issues and improve the implementation of various tasks in the field of forestry in the world, the concept of "Forest 4.0" is being developed. This concept includes the widespread use of robotic systems in the forestry industry. This article is devoted to an overview of developments in the field of ground-based forestry robotic systems. Attention is paid to robotic solutions with wheeled and tracked types of propulsion. Walking, wire-walking and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are outside the scope of this article. Examples of solutions for environmental protection and monitoring, forest fire fighting, inventory operations and planting, pruning and logging are considered. As a result, it can be noted that in order to improve the accuracy and execution time of several forest robotic applications for environmental conservation, monitoring, forest fire fighting, inventory, planting, pruning and harvesting, two main areas need improvement: IoT-based smart forest and navigation systems.

The results of theoretical substantiation of the method of increasing energy efficiency and environmental safety of haul-load-dump machines used in cut-to-length harvesting are presented. It is established that, based on the principles of equality of load flow of haul-load-dump machines, productivity of feller-buncher and bucking machines, the value of engine power of haul-load-dump machines is obtained, which will allow to determine the shape of the created machine depending on the resistance to movement and the path that passes the feller-delimber-buncher machine depending on the density of the stand. It is shown that the principle of this model is that the productivity of felling, hauling and dumping works is equal to the productivity of loading and transporting works, i.e. felling, hauling and dumping machines and feller-buncher and bucking machines are not idle. The proposed method of calculation will allow to determine the type of mover and the design of the running system of haul-load-dump machines at the stage of design development. It is found that the proposed model does not address economic issues as other researchers in the field. Integral models at the formula level are used.

The necessity of developing and creating planting machines for seedlings with a root-balled tree system is substantiated. Existing methods for modeling the kinematics and dynamics of planting machines using CAD and CAE systems, as well as methods for modeling the processes of interaction between the working bodies of planting machines and the soil environment are analyzed. The general concept of the developed planting machine for seedlings with a root-balled tree system is described. A simulation model of the planter mechanism has been created in the 3D CAD SolidWorks software package and CAE SolidWorks Motion. The working process of the planter mechanism was studied on a virtual stand implemented in the same software. As a result of the simulation, a group of parameters necessary for assessing the performance of the planter mechanism was obtained. These are the moments of forces of the virtual motors of the planter gear drive and the feeding device, the forces arising on the virtual springs of the retainer cone and the feeding drum cell, as well as the values of the contact force of the cam with the roller and the size of the opening of the retainer cones. The process of interaction of retaining cones with the soil environment was simulated using the discrete element method. For experimental verification of the obtained parameters, a full-size mock-up sample was created using 3D-printing. It made possible to confirm the power characteristics obtained as a result of modeling for such a key parameter as the torque required to drive the planter gear and the feeding device. Also, the correctness of the kinematic parameters of the mechanism chosen during the design process was clearly confirmed.

The development of machine maintenance service management systems is analysed. Modern systems allowing to monitor the condition of machine units and assemblies, as well as to forecast changes in their condition are presented: reliability-oriented maintenance service system management; risk prevention; repair according to actual condition. The evolution of the approach to diagnostics of machines from episodic control to permanent monitoring of their parameters, as well as obtaining operational information on production data of specific machines is considered. It is established that the leading western manufacturers of logging machines use technical solutions for monitoring the technical condition of machines and their production indicators. It has been revealed that in the conditions of logging enterprises machinery of different manufacturers can be used, which does not allow to effectively use the information on machine operation received from the manufacturer's server. In order to improve the efficiency of machine condition monitoring systems it is proposed to apply a unified enterprise management system based on ERP standards. In order to achieve independence from foreign software it is advisable to use domestic 1C system, which allows to expand its capabilities by including the block of industrial safety management.