Clinical nutrition and metabolismClinical nutrition and metabolismКлиническое питание и метаболизм2658-44332782-2974Eco-Vector10477110.17816/clinutr104771ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleThe effect of nutritional support on nutritional status, quality of life, and survival in cancer patients receiving systemic anticancer therapyВлияние нутритивной поддержки на питательный статус, качество жизни и выживаемость у онкологических больных, получающих системное лекарственное противоопухолевое лечениеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0197-77216876-7701ObukhovaOlga A.ОбуховаОльга Аркадьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

obukhova0404@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-26003692-5202KurmukovIldar A.КурмуковИлдар Анварович
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

kurmukovia@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-37133984-7800RykAlla A.РыкАлла Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

alla-ryk@yandex.ruN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of OncologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. БлохинаN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency MedicineНаучно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени Н.В. Склифосовского12052022070620223150611203202222032022Copyright ©; 2022, Obukhova O.A., Kurmukov I.A., Ryk A.A.Copyright ©; 2022, Обухова О.А., Курмуков И.А., Рык А.А.2022Obukhova O.A., Kurmukov I.A., Ryk A.A.Обухова О.А., Курмуков И.А., Рык А.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/104771

Malnutrition, a common problem among cancer patients, due to the direct influence of the tumor and the consequences of specific therapy, negatively affects the patient’s quality of life and is detrimental to the results of anticancer treatment. Nutritional support plays a vital role in systemic drug anticancer therapy; however, malnutrition that develops against a background of malignant neoplasms remains underestimated and receives little attention in clinical practice.

To assess the need for and safety of nutritional support in this context, an analysis of publications in the medical databases e-Library, PubMed, and Medline was performed with an emphasis on assessing the safety and efficacy of NP in the presence of systemic drug antitumor treatment for the period 2003–2022 using the keywords oncology, chemotherapy, nutritional support, omega-3 fatty acids, and glutamine.

The obtained data show that patients with cancer have anorexia-cachexia syndrome, leading to the development of sarcopenia, which negatively affects the results of specific therapy. Timely appointment of nutritional support significantly improves the results of treatment, as well as quality of life, and increases the survival rate in patients receiving non-surgical anticancer therapy; moreover, nutritional support administered in parallel with anticancer drug therapy improves treatment results.

Недостаточность питания ― распространённая проблема среди онкологических пациентов, обусловленная непосредственным влиянием опухоли и последствиями специфической терапии, — отрицательно сказывается на качестве жизни и ухудшает результаты противоопухолевого лечения. Нутритивная поддержка играет важную роль при проведении системной лекарственной противоопухолевой терапии, однако недостаточность питания, развивающаяся на фоне злокачественных новообразований, остаётся недооценённой, и в клинической практике ей уделяется мало внимания.

Для оценки необходимости и безопасности нутритивной поддержки на фоне системного лекарственного противоопухолевого лечения злокачественных новообразований проведён анализ публикаций в медицинских базах eLibrary, PubMed, Medline с акцентом на оценку безопасности и эффективности нутритивной поддержки на фоне проведения системного лекарственного противоопухолевого лечения за период 2003-2022 гг. по следующим ключевым словам: онкология, химиотерапия, нутритивная поддержка, омега-3 жирные кислоты, глутамин.

Согласно полученным данным, характерный для больных злокачественными новообразованиями синдром анорексии-кахексии приводит к развитию саркопении, отрицательно влияющей на результаты специфической терапии. Своевременное назначение нутритивной поддержки достоверно улучшает результаты лечения, качество жизни, а также увеличивает выживаемость у пациентов, получающих нехирургическую противоопухолевую терапию, и нутритивная поддержка, проводимая параллельно с противоопухолевым лекарственным лечением, способствует улучшению его результатов.

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