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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical nutrition and metabolism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical nutrition and metabolism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническое питание и метаболизм</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4433</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-2974</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105659</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/clinutr105659</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effect of beet juice-based foods on the performance of athletes in cyclic sports</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние специализированных продуктов питания на основе свекольного сока на повышение работоспособности спортсменов циклических видов спорта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-7058</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7531-6925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestopalov</surname><given-names>Alexander E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестопалов</surname><given-names>Александр Ефимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>ashest@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-9580</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7141-5643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>Zhanna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Жанна Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.</p></bio><email>grinzanetk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-9878</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2166-5068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomazova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломазова</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>evlomazova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-4538</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4733-2451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Андрей Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>Andrei_kalinin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4574-6506</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4795-5662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Feshchenko</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фещенко</surname><given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.м.н.</p></bio><email>vfmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-9761</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8111-9694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zholinsky</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жолинский</surname><given-names>Андрей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>ZholinskiiAV@sportfmba.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр спортивной медицины и реабилитации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Reanimation and Rehabilitation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Healthcare Institution City Sports Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городской врачебно-физкультурный диспансер</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-05-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-22"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Shestopalov A.E., Grishina Z.V., Lomazova E.V., Kalinin A.V., Feshchenko V.S., Zholinsky A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Шестопалов А.Е., Гришина Ж.В., Ломазова Е.В., Калинин А.В., Фещенко В.С., Жолинский А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shestopalov A.E., Grishina Z.V., Lomazova E.V., Kalinin A.V., Feshchenko V.S., Zholinsky A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шестопалов А.Е., Гришина Ж.В., Ломазова Е.В., Калинин А.В., Фещенко В.С., Жолинский А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/105659">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/105659</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic> Modern data from the scientific literature indicate that nitrate, when added to food, can serve as a precursor of nitric oxide (NO). According to research results, the concentrations of nitrates and nitrites in plasma increase when subjects are taking dietary supplements containing nitrates. Such an increase not only contributes to training performance by activating the nitrate pathway of energy supply to muscle activity but also generally improves physical performance.</p> <p><italic>AIMS:</italic> To evaluate the effect of consumption of beet juice, as a source of nitrates, on the performance of biathletes-sprinters.</p> <p><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic> Forty male biathletes aged from 18 to 22 years took part in the study. The study took place in a training camp in the summer of 2017. The athletes were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was given a preparation containing beet juice of a special variety twice daily after each training session, and the athletes of the control group did not consume anything after training sessions. Before the experiment and after 20 days of intervention, load testing before work refusal was carried out, as well as biochemical and general blood analysis.</p> <p><italic>RESULTS:</italic> In the athletes of the experimental group, who were consuming beet juice, there was a decrease in oxygen uptake per kilogram of body weight and an increase in heart rate at the moment of anaerobic threshold, as well as an increase in load time, which indicates an increase in endurance during anaerobic exercise. This parameter is one of the limiting factors of performance in cyclic sports. In addition, increases in blood iron content, transferrin saturation, hemoglobin concentration, and average erythrocyte volume were observed in participants who consumed the beet juice preparation.</p> <p><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic> The observed changes in indicators of the oxygen-transport system of the blood may be one of the mechanisms through which exogenous nitrates realize their positive effect on performance in the anaerobic phase.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Обоснование.</italic> Согласно результатам исследований, концентрации нитратов и нитритов в плазме крови увеличиваются при приёме пищевых добавок, содержащих нитраты. Такое увеличение не только способствует увеличению производительности тренировки за счёт активации нитратного пути энергообеспечения мышечной деятельности, но и в целом улучшает физическую работоспособность спортсменов.</p> <p><italic>Цель исследования</italic> ― оценить влияние употребления свекольного сока как источника нитратов на работоспособность биатлонистов-спринтеров.</p> <p><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic> В исследовании приняли участие 40 мужчин-биатлонистов в возрасте от 18 до 22 лет. Исследование проходило в условиях учебно-тренировочного сбора летом 2017 г. Спортсмены были разбиты на 2 группы ― опытную и контрольную. Опытной группе 2 раза в день после каждой тренировки предлагался препарат, содержащий сок свёклы специального сорта; спортсмены контрольной группы после тренировок ничего не принимали. До начала эксперимента и спустя 20 дней приёма препарата было выполнено нагрузочное тестирование до отказа работы, а также выполнен биохимический и общий анализ крови.</p> <p><italic>Результаты.</italic> У спортсменов опытной группы на фоне приёма свекольного сока наблюдались уменьшение поглощения кислорода на килограмм массы тела и увеличение пульса в момент анаэробного порога, а также увеличение времени нагрузки, что указывает на повышение выносливости при анаэробной нагрузке. Кроме этого, на фоне приёма препарата свекольного сока повышались такие показатели крови, как содержание железа, коэффициент насыщения трансферрина, концентрация гемоглобина, средний объём эритроцитов.</p> <p><italic>Заключение.</italic> Данные изменения показателей кислородтранспортной системы крови могут быть одним из механизмов, через который экзогенные нитраты реализуют своё действие при повышении работоспособности в анаэробной фазе у спортсменов циклических видов спорта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>beet juice</kwd><kwd>nitrates</kwd><kwd>biathlon</kwd><kwd>performance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свекольный сок</kwd><kwd>нитраты</kwd><kwd>биатлон</kwd><kwd>работоспособность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was carried out as part of the applied research work “Development of standard programs for pharmacological support and nutritional support for athletes of the national teams of the Russian Federation”, code “Correction-17” under the state contract № 67.003.17.800</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках прикладной научно-исследовательской работы «Разработка типовых программ фармакологического обеспечения и нутритивной поддержки спортсменов сборных команд РФ», шифр «Коррекция-17» по государственному контракту № 67.003.17.800</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JM, Alving K. 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