Clinical nutrition and metabolismClinical nutrition and metabolismКлиническое питание и метаболизм2658-44332782-2974Eco-Vector32112210.17816/clinutr321122ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleThe choice of enteral formula in patients in the acute period of critical ill with brain damage in the neurocritical care unitВыбор смеси для энтерального питания у пациентов в остром периоде тяжёлого состояния с повреждением головного мозга в отделении нейрореанимацииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1807-75469435-0854KrylovKirill Yu.КрыловКирилл Юрьевич
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

kkrylov@nsi.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-89034974-9195SviridovSergey V.СвиридовСергей Викторович
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

sergey.sviridov.59@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1232-67676199-6980VedeninaIrina V.ВеденинаИрина Викторовна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant professor

к.м.н., доцент

viv54@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-890X5617-6196YagubyanRuben S.ЯгубянРубен Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD

admin@airkafrgmu.ruRussian National Research Medical UniversityРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. ПироговаNational Medical Research Center for NeurosurgeryНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. БурденкоRussian National Research Medical UniversityРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова15052023310520234129370703202307042023Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор2023Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/321122

Nutritional support is an important and integral part of the treatment process for critically ill patients. Patients after neurosurgical interventions and patients with damage to the central nervous system, for example, due to acute ischemic stroke, may be due to the severity of the condition in the intensive care unit. This is a separate category of patients and nutritional support for this category of patients has its own characteristics. Enteral nutrition, as the most physiological type of nutrition, should be an integral part of the treatment process in the intensive care unit. In patients in the acute period of a severe condition with brain damage, in addition to the metabolic response to damage, there are also factors that limit the implementation of enteral nutrition: the brain damage itself, being in intensive care, and methods of intensive therapy. The choice of an enteral formula in this category of patients is complex and fundamental to provide adequate nutritional support to cover energy and protein requirements. The purpose of this scientific review is to highlight the issues of choosing a mixture for enteral nutrition of patients in the neurocritical care unit who are in the acute period of a critical ill.

Нутритивная поддержка является важной и неотъемлемой частью лечебного процесса для пациентов в интенсивной терапии. По причине тяжести состояния пациенты после нейрохирургических вмешательств и пациенты с повреждением центральной нервной системы, например вследствие острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения, могут находиться в отделении интенсивной терапии. Проведение нутритивной поддержки данной категории пациентов имеет свои особенности. Энтеральное питание, как наиболее физиологичный вид питания, должно являться неотъемлемой частью лечебного процесса в отделении интенсивной терапии. У пациентов, находящихся в остром периоде тяжёлого состояния с повреждением головного мозга, к метаболическому ответу на повреждение добавляются также факторы, лимитирующие проведение энтерального питания: собственно повреждение головного мозга, нахождение в интенсивной терапии и методы интенсивной терапии. Выбор смеси для энтерального питания у данной категории пациентов является сложным и основополагающим для проведения адекватной нутритивной поддержки с покрытием потребностей в энергии и белке. В данном научном обзоре освещаются вопросы выбора смеси для энтерального питания пациентов отделения нейрореанимации, находящихся в остром периоде тяжёлого состояния.

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