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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical nutrition and metabolism</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical nutrition and metabolism</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническое питание и метаболизм</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-4433</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-2974</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">641834</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/clinutr641834</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effectiveness of specialized high-viscosity nutritional formulas in restoring swallowing function in patients with dysphagia at the acute phase of ischemic stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность специализированных питательных смесей повышенной вязкости в восстановлении функции глотания у пациентов с дисфагией в остром периоде ишемического инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-0382</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2400-1759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>Vadim I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Вадим Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ervad2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-03-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-13"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/641834">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-4433/article/view/641834</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold><italic>: </italic>Neurogenic dysphagia is a common swallowing impairment, particularly prevalent among patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke. This condition significantly increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia and heightens risks associated with protein-energy malnutrition and dehydration. Swallowing retraining through targeted therapeutic interventions is one of the primary approaches in managing patients with neurogenic dysphagia.</p> <p><italic>AIM: </italic>To evaluate the effectiveness of specialized nutritional formulas of varying viscosity in restoring swallowing function in patients with dysphagia at the acute phase of ischemic stroke as part of combined therapy.</p> <p><bold>Methods:</bold><italic> </italic>The study enrolled 65 patients with acute cerebrovascular accident complicated by dysphagia. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group received specialized nutritional formulas of varying viscosity by Fresenius Kabi, whereas the control group received traditional nutrition. The severity of swallowing disorders and their progression were evaluated using the Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS) and the Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale (FEDSS).</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold><italic> </italic>Implementation of swallowing retraining in patients with ischemic stroke and dysphagia starting from Day 5 demonstrated superior recovery of swallowing function according to the PAS compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences by Day 10 (<italic>p</italic>=0.002). A similar trend was observed when evaluating swallowing using the FEDSS. On Day 10, the experimental group after ischemic stroke exhibited significantly improved dysphagia scores compared to the control group (<italic>p</italic>=0.002). Data from all 65 patients with acute ischemic stroke complicated by dysphagia indicated that specialized nutritional formulas accelerate the restoration of swallowing function compared with traditional nutrition. Marked improvement was noted as early as on Day 5 of treatment among patients receiving Fresenius Kabi high-viscosity formulas. No cases of aspiration pneumonia or progression of protein-energy malnutrition were recorded during the study.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold><italic> </italic>Specialized nutritional formulas of varying viscosity as part of combined therapy significantly accelerate the recovery of swallowing function in patients with acute ischemic stroke, proving to be more effective than traditional nutritional approaches.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Нейрогенная дисфагия — часто встречающееся нарушение процесса глотания, особенно актуальное среди пациентов, перенёсших ишемический инсульт (ИИ). Это состояние значительно повышает риск развития аспирационной пневмонии, а также увеличивает риски белково-энергетической недостаточности и обезвоживания. Разглатывание пациентов через восстановление навыка глотания — один из основных методов лечения пациентов с нейрогенной дисфагией.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить эффективность специализированных питательных смесей различной вязкости в восстановлении функции глотания у пациентов с дисфагией в остром периоде ИИ в составе комбинированной терапии.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование включены 65 пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения, страдающих дисфагией. Пациенты случайным образом распределены на две группы: основную и контрольную. Основная группа получала специализированные питательные смеси Fresenius Kabi различной вязкости, а группа контроля — традиционное питание. Тяжесть нарушения глотания и её динамика оценивалась с помощью шкал PAS (Penetration–Aspiration Scale) и FEDSS (Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При использовании методики разглатывания у пациентов с ИИ и дисфагией с 5-х суток в основной группе наблюдалась лучшая динамика восстановления глотания по шкале PAS в сравнении с группой контроля, а на 10-е сутки различия были достоверными (<italic>p</italic>=0,002). Аналогичную тенденцию прослеживали при изучении динамики глотания при оценке по шкале FEDSS. На 10-е сутки ИИ в сравнении с группой контроля также были получены достоверно лучшие показатели динамики дисфагии (<italic>p</italic>=0,002). Результаты исследования 65 пациентов с острым ИИ и дисфагией показали, что использование специализированных питательных смесей ускоряет восстановление функции глотания по сравнению с традиционным питанием. Значительное улучшение отмечалось уже на 5-й день лечения у пациентов, получавших питательные смеси повышенной вязкости Fresenius Kabi. В ходе исследования не отмечено случаев аспирационной пневмонии и прогрессии белково-энергетической недостаточности.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Применение специализированных питательных смесей различной вязкости в остром периоде ИИ в составе комбинированной терапии значительно ускоряет процесс восстановления функции глотания, этот подход более эффективен по сравнению с традиционным.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dysphagia</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>restoration of swallowing</kwd><kwd>aspiration</kwd><kwd>high-viscosity nutritional formulas</kwd><kwd>dietary proteins</kwd><kwd>Fresubin Protein</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфагия</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>восстановление глотания</kwd><kwd>аспирация</kwd><kwd>питательные смеси повышенной вязкости</kwd><kwd>белковый модуль</kwd><kwd>Фрезубин Протеин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Belkin AA, Ershov VI, Ivanova GE. 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