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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физическая и реабилитационная медицина, медицинская реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6843</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1436</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">19282</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36425/rehab19282</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation — non-pharmaceutical approaches</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Реабилитация при болезни Паркинсона — немедикаментозные подходы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-9874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismailova</surname><given-names>S. B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исмаилова</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры нервных болезней с курсом медицинской реабилитации; невролог центра инновационной неврологии, экстрапирамидных заболеваний и ботулинотерапии</p></bio><email>sbismailova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-8557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ondar</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ондар</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., ассистент кафедры нервных болезней с курсом медицинской реабилитации</p></bio><email>ondarvs@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4778-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры нервных болезней с курсом медицинской реабилитации</p></bio><email>s.v.proc.58@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education “Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky” of the Ministry of Health Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России (КрасГМУ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Center of Innovative Neurology, Extrapyramidal Diseases and Botulinum Therapy of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр инновационной неврологии, экстрапирамидных заболеваний и ботулинотерапии Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Федеральный Сибирский научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-03-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Физическая и реабилитационная медицина, медицинская реабилитация</issue-title><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-02-04"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-02-17"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Ismailova S.B., Ondar V.S., Prokopenko S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Исмаилова С.Б., Ондар В.С., Прокопенко С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ismailova S.B., Ondar V.S., Prokopenko S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исмаилова С.Б., Ондар В.С., Прокопенко С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/19282">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/19282</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article represents clinical trials and attempts of non-drug treatment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). For the first time in the 60s of the previous century, physical exercises were proposed as a correction of motor symptoms in PD. During this period, rehabilitation was considered as a secondary method to the pharmacological and surgical treatment of PD. An analysis of studies conducted over the past 10 years showed that various rehabilitation techniques cannot be compared with each other and that there is no full proof evidence. Initially, the rehabilitation approach was based on empirical experience, but more and more evidence suggest that neuroplasticity is the main mechanism underlying the effects of rehabilitation. Various data indicate an increase in synaptic transmission, an effect on neurotransmission, and a decrease in chronic oxidative stress during physical exposure, which, in turn, can provide a neural basis for rehabilitation in PD. An important issue is whether patients with PD have the ability to reacquire or master new skills. According to reports, the need for non-drug correction in PD is obvious, however, it is necessary to determine the intensity, frequency, continuity of exposure, progressive nature of PD. These recommendations should have an evidence base, and also should correlate with the stages of the disease. The rehabilitation program for PD should be “goal-oriented” and be adapted to the characteristics of each patient individually.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проведен обзор клинических исследований и попыток немедикаментозной коррекции при болезни Паркинсона (БП). Впервые в 60-х годах XX века физические упражнения были предложены в качестве коррекции двигательных симптомов при БП. В данный период реабилитация рассматривалась в качестве вспомогательного метода к фармакологическому и хирургическому лечению БП. Анализ исследований, выполненных в течение последних 10 лет, показал, что различные реабилитационные методики не могут быть сопоставлены между собой и что отсутствует доказательная база в полном объеме. Первоначально реабилитационный подход был основан на эмпирическом опыте, но все больше данных свидетельствует о том, что нейропластичность представляет собой основной механизм, лежащий в основе эффектов реабилитации. Литературные данные свидетельствуют об увеличении синаптической передачи, влиянии на нейротрансмиссию, снижении хронического окислительного стресса при физических нагрузках, что в свою очередь может обеспечить нейронную основу реабилитации при БП. Немаловажным вопросом является наличие возможности у пациентов с БП способности к повторному приобретению или освоению новых навыков. По имеющимся данным, необходимость немедикаментозной коррекции при БП является очевидной, однако необходимо определение интенсивности, частоты, непрерывности воздействия с учетом хронического прогрессирующего течения БП. Данные рекомендации должны иметь под собой доказательную базу, а также коррелировать со стадиями заболевания. Реабилитационная программа для БП должна быть целенаправленной и быть адаптирована к характеристикам каждого отдельного пациента.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>walking</kwd><kwd>Parkinson’s disease</kwd><kwd>parkinsonism</kwd><kwd>postural disorders</kwd><kwd>virtual reality</kwd><kwd>gait</kwd><kwd>non-drug treatment</kwd><kwd>physical exercises</kwd><kwd>neurorehabilitation</kwd><kwd>postural instability</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>ходьба</kwd><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>паркинсонизм</kwd><kwd>постуральные нарушения</kwd><kwd>виртуальная реальность</kwd><kwd>походка</kwd><kwd>немедикаментозное лечение</kwd><kwd>физические упражнения</kwd><kwd>нейрореабилитация</kwd><kwd>постуральная неустойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Clark EC, Clements BG, Erickson DJ, et al. 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