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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физическая и реабилитационная медицина, медицинская реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6843</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1436</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">568673</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36425/rehab568673</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY  ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Functional electrical stimulation for foot drop syndrome in patients with cerebral stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Функциональная электрическая стимуляция при синдроме падающей стопы у больных с церебральным инсультом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-7740</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4986-3575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaurkin</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кауркин</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kaurkins@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-4912</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6274-4448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsov</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>skvortsov.biom@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7741-2904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobunko</surname><given-names>Danila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобунько</surname><given-names>Данила Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lobunko.92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3180-5525</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>Galina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Галина Eвгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D., Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>reabilivanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>Anna K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Анна Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anika_baranova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>200</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-22"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-08-22"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/568673">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/568673</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The deterioration of walking function as a result of acute cerebrovascular accident manifested by the foot drop syndrome, leading to difficulties in maintaining balance in the standing position and increased substitution strategies, is the most important limiting factor that affects autonomy and independence. The results of short time training with functional electrical stimulation in patients with cerebral stroke in the early and late recovery periods remain unknown.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> to study the functional and clinical results of a short course of functional electrical stimulation in patients with cerebral stroke and foot drop syndrome.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The study involved 20 patients with early and late hemispheric acute cerebrovascular accident who received a course of single-channel 30-minute functional electrical stimulation training of the m. tibialis anterior in conjunction with the main program of motor rehabilitation (60 minutes), consisting of 12 sessions. The biomechanics of walking at a random pace before and after training was investigated. Spatial and temporal parameters of walking, movements in hip, knee and ankle joints and maximum amplitudes of electromyography of the main muscle groups responsible for walking were recorded. Classical clinical scales were also used.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> No negative reaction to training with functional electrical stimulation was obtained. After treatment, there was a significant improvement in the following scales was observed: "Dynamic Gait Index", "Hauser Ambulation Index", "Timed Up and Go Test" test, muscle strength assessment, "Activity and Participation" domains. Spatial and temporal parameters demonstrate a complex syndrome characteristic of post-stroke walking. Walking speed and step cycle length increased significantly after training. The kinematics of movements in the hip and knee joints do not reveal significant dynamics. The difference from the control group of contralateral side indices in knee and hip joints, indicating bilateral functional involvement in the pathologic process, draws attention. Goniograms of the ankle joints of the paretic limb revealed the following parameters characteristic of the sagging foot: increase in the circumduction parameter on the paresis side, total amplitude of hip joint movements, knee joint flexion in the transfer period (Ka3), and ankle joint flexion amplitude in the transfer period (A3). Following functional electrical stimulation training, no changes were observed in these parameters.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> All clinical parameters have improved. Objective diagnostic results of the functional electrical stimulation training showed no significant effect on ankle joint function. Taking into account the limitations of this study, a follow-up study is planned.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> Ухудшение функции ходьбы в результате острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения, что проявляется синдромом «отвисающей» стопы, приводящим к трудностям с удержанием равновесия в положении стоя и увеличению заместительных стратегий, является важнейшим ограничивающим фактором, влияющим на самостоятельность и независимость. Результаты коротких временных тренировок с функциональной электрической стимуляцией у больных после перенесённого церебрального инсульта в ранний и поздний восстановительные периоды остаются открытыми.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель исследования</italic></bold> ― изучить функциональные и клинические результаты короткого курса функциональной электрической стимуляции у больных с синдромом отвисающей стопы после церебрального инсульта.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> В исследовании участвовало 20 пациентов в раннем и позднем периоде полушарного острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения, которым был проведён курс (12 занятий по 60 минут) одноканальной 30-минутной функциональной электрической стимуляции <italic>musculus tibialis anterior</italic> совместно с основной программой двигательной реабилитации. Исследовали биомеханику ходьбы в произвольном темпе до и после курса тренировок. Регистрировали пространственно-временные параметры ходьбы, движение в тазобедренных, коленных и голеностопных суставах и максимальные амплитуды электромиограммы основных групп мышц, ответственных за ходьбу. Использовали также классические клинические шкалы.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> Не получено отрицательной реакции на тренировку с функциональной электрической стимуляцией. После проведённого лечения отмечалось достоверное улучшение по шкалам «Динамический индекс ходьбы», «Индекс Хаузера», тест «Встань и иди», оценке мышечной силы, доменам «активность» и «участие». Пространственно-временные параметры демонстрируют синдромокомплекс, характерный для постинсультной ходьбы. После тренировок достоверно увеличиваются скорость ходьбы и длина цикла шага. Кинематика движений в тазобедренных и коленных суставах не обнаруживает существенной динамики. Обращают на себя внимание показатели контралатеральной стороны в коленном и тазобедренном суставах, отличающиеся от контрольной группы и свидетельствующие о двустороннем функциональном вовлечении в патологический процесс. Гониограммы голеностопных суставов паретичной конечности демонстрируют характерные для отвисающей стопы показатели: увеличение параметра циркумдукции на стороне пареза, общую амплитуду движений тазобедренного сустава, сгибание коленного сустава в период переноса (Ка3), амплитуду сгибания голеностопного сустава в период переноса (А3). Данные параметры не показали изменений в результате курса функциональной электрической стимуляции.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение</italic></bold><italic>.</italic> Обнаружено улучшение состояния по всем клиническим параметрам. Результаты объективной диагностики не выявили существенного влияния на функцию голеностопного сустава короткого курса функциональной электрической стимуляции. Последующее исследование планируется с учётом ограничений настоящего.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>functional electrical stimulation</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>biomechanics of walking</kwd><kwd>foot drop</kwd><kwd>m. tibialis anterior</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>функциональная электростимуляция</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>биомеханика ходьбы</kwd><kwd>отвисающая стопа</kwd><kwd>передняя большеберцовая мышца</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed as part of the state assignment of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia (R&amp;D “Development of new technologies of medical rehabilitation in patients with lesions and diseases of the brain”) ― AAAAA-A19-119042590030-2.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФМБА России (НИР «Разработка новых технологий медицинской реабилитации у пациентов с поражениями и заболеваниями головного мозга») ― АААА-А19-119042590030-2.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohan DM, Khandoker AH, Wasti SA, et al. 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