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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физическая и реабилитационная медицина, медицинская реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6843</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1436</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">63225</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36425/rehab63225</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Circadian Rhythms and Chronic Consciousness</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Циркадианные ритмы и хроническое нарушение сознания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7635-1048</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1776-1160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanarskii</surname><given-names>Mihail M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канарский</surname><given-names>Михаил Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>kanarMM@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stern</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штерн</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>mstern@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobieva</surname><given-names>Irina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Ирина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ivorobieva@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5991-9705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>Kirill M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>Кирилл Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kgorshkov@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>krylova@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-5193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorlachev</surname><given-names>Mikhail M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горлачев</surname><given-names>Михаил Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mgorlachev@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudojnikova</surname><given-names>Victoria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудожникова</surname><given-names>Виктория Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vgudojnikova@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopylov</surname><given-names>Pavel M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копылов</surname><given-names>Павел Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>pkopylov@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaev</surname><given-names>Faruh  B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>Фарух Бахимерович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fmirzaev@fnkcrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-118X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7800-6446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>Ilya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>Илья Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>realzel@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-8501</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8947-4230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasova</surname><given-names>Yulia  Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасова</surname><given-names>Юлия Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Tech), Research Associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., н.с</p></bio><email>nekrasova84@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-11-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>340</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-12"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Kanarskii M.M., Stern M.V., Vorobieva I.S., Gorshkov K.M., Krylova T.N., Gorlachev M.M., Gudojnikova V.V., Kopylov P.M., Mirzaev F. ., Borisov I.V., Nekrasova Y.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Канарский М.М., Штерн М.В., Воробьева И.С., Горшков К.М., Крылова Т.Н., Горлачев М.М., Гудожникова В.В., Копылов П.М., Мирзаев Ф.Б., Борисов И.В., Некрасова Ю.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanarskii M.M., Stern M.V., Vorobieva I.S., Gorshkov K.M., Krylova T.N., Gorlachev M.M., Gudojnikova V.V., Kopylov P.M., Mirzaev F. ., Borisov I.V., Nekrasova Y.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Канарский М.М., Штерн М.В., Воробьева И.С., Горшков К.М., Крылова Т.Н., Горлачев М.М., Гудожникова В.В., Копылов П.М., Мирзаев Ф.Б., Борисов И.В., Некрасова Ю.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/63225">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2658-6843/article/view/63225</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Among the possible points of therapeutic action and predicting the outcome in patients in a vegetative state and minimally conscious state, the analysis of circadian rhythms, such as the sleep-wake cycle, melatonin secretion, temperature trends, heart rate, and blood pressure, attracts more and more attention. In this review, we analyzed studies on circadian rhythms in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness, assessed the possible limitations of standard methods, proposed a concept for the development of an assessment of the sleep-wake cycle, and assessed the role of exogenous factors that are likely to be involved in the disturbance of circadian rhythms in intensive care units. Based on the results of the study, we came to the conclusion that for the full realization of the rehabilitation potential, it is necessary to develop methods for assessing circadian rhythms based on a multicomponent approach, including 24-hour monitoring using actigraphy for more accurate identification of the rest-activity cycle, video monitoring of the orofascial area to increase the reliability of oculographic assessment and revealing hidden patterns, analysis of the temperature curve, the level of melatonin, TSH, cortisol, as well as exogenous factors. It is necessary to use the information obtained for therapeutic, prognostic, diagnostic and rehabilitation purposes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Среди возможных точек терапевтического воздействия и прогнозирования исхода у пациентов в вегетативном состоянии и состоянии малого сознания все большее внимание привлекает анализ циркадианных ритмов, таких как цикл сон–бодрствование, секреция мелатонина, тренды температуры, показатели артериального давления и частоты сердечных сокращений. В обзоре проанализированы результаты исследований суточного ритма у пациентов с хроническим нарушением сознания, выполнена оценка возможных ограничений применения стандартных методов, предложена концепция оценки цикла сон–бодрствование, а также роли вероятных экзогенных факторов, нарушающих циркадианные ритмы в условиях реанимации. По результатам исследования сделан вывод, что полноценная реализация реабилитационного потенциала нуждается в разработке методов оценки циркадианных ритмов на основе многокомпонентного подхода, включающего суточное мониторирование с использованием актиграфии для более точного выявления цикла активности–покоя; видеоминиторинг орофасциальной области для повышения надежности окулографической оценки и выявления скрытых паттернов; анализ температурной кривой, уровня мелатонина, тиреотропного гормона, кортизола, а также экзогенных факторов. Необходимо использование полученных сведений в терапевтических, прогностических, диагностических и реабилитационных целях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vegetative state</kwd><kwd>state of minimal consciousness</kwd><kwd>circadian rhythms</kwd><kwd>sleep</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вегетативное состояние</kwd><kwd>состояние минимального сознания</kwd><kwd>циркадианные ритмы</kwd><kwd>сон</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd><kwd>температура</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бакулин И.С., Кремнева Е.И., Кузнецов А.В. Хронические нарушения сознания / Под ред. М.А. Пирадова. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. Москва: Горячая линия — Телеком, 2020. 288 с. [Bakulin IS, Kremneva EI, Kuznetsov AV. Chronic disorders of consciousness. Ed. by M.A. Piradov. 2nd ed., reprint. and add. Moscow: Hotline-Telecom; 2020. 288 p. 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