Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Series PhilosophyVestnik of Samara State Technical University. Series Philosophy2658-77502782-4268Самарский государственный технический университет82820Research ArticleENLIGHTENMENT IDEA OF THE NATURAL NATURE OF MAN AS A THEORETICAL SOURCE OF "DIRECTLY COMMUNIST" UTOPIASKorsakovS. NDoctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciencessnkorsakov@yandex.ruInstitute of Philosophy of Russian Academy of Sciences1506201911465408102021Copyright © 2019, Korsakov S.N.2019The article deals with the influence of introspective methodology and social robinsonade on the political thought of the Enlightenment. The duality of social atomism, which can serve as the basis for both liberalism and authoritarianism, is shown. The material for the study is the theory of utopian communism of the XVIII century (Mabli, Morelli, Babef). The conclusions are applied to the current political situation, where the values of democracy often act as an ideological justification for the suppression of individual freedom.EnlightenmentMorelliutopian communismrobinsonadeliberalismsocial atomismПросвещениеМореллиутопический коммунизмробинзонадалиберализмсоциальный атомизм[Бабёф Г. Сочинения. М.: Наука, 1982. Т. 4.][История социалистических учений. Ежегодник: 1981. М.: Наука, 1981.][Мабли Г. Избранные произведения. М. - Л.: Соцэкгиз, 1950.][Маркс К., Энгельс Ф. Соч. 2-е изд. М.: Политиздат, 1961. Т. 19.][Морелли. Кодекс природы, или истинный дух её законов. М. - Л.: Соцэкгиз, 1956.][Фролов И.Т. Новый гуманизм // Новое время. 1989. № 1. С. 26-28; № 2. С. 29-30.][Фромм Э. Душа человека. М.: Республика, 1992.][Фромм Э. Психоанализ и этика. М., 1993.][Чудинов А.В. У истоков революционного утопизма. М.: Знание, 1991.]