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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Doklady Biological Sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Doklady Biological Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о жизни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-7389</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5057</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">683995</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2686738925020017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Microstructure of hair of the mummy of a juvenile saber-toothed cat – homotherium †<italic>Homotherium latidens</italic> (felidae, carnivora)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Микроструктура волос мумии детеныша саблезубой кошки – гомотерия †<italic>Homotherium latidens</italic> (felidae, carnivora)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernova</surname><given-names>O. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернова</surname><given-names>О. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga.chernova.moscow@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimovsky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климовский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga.chernova.moscow@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Protopopov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Протопопов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olga.chernova.moscow@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт проблем экологии и эволюции имени А.Н. Северцова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosova</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>521</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>173</fpage><lpage>179</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-7389/article/view/683995">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-7389/article/view/683995</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the first time, the microstructure of hairs from different parts of the body of a three-week-old kitten of the Pleistocene Homotherium †<italic>Homotherium latidens</italic> was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Its frozen mummy, aged 31,808–37,019 years, was found in Yakutia and first described by Russian paleontologists [1]. According to our data, Homotherium had poorly differentiated short uniform tangled dark-brown fur, the heat-protective properties of which were not high due to the weak development of the hair medulla, but their mechanical strength was excellent. The microstructure of Homotherium hair differs depending on the location of the hairs on the animal’s body. Comparison of the obtained data with information on the fur of kittens of cave and African lions shows similarities and differences in the microstructure of hairs in these species, which is explained functionally.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Впервые с помощью световой и сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ) изучена микроструктура волос из различных участков тела трехнедельного котенка плейстоценового гомотерия †<italic>Homotherium latidens</italic>, замороженная мумия которого возрастом 31808–37019 лет была найдена в Якутии и впервые описана российскими палеонтологами [1]. По нашим данным, гомотерий имел слабо дифференцированную короткую однообразную спутанную темно-бурую шерсть, теплозащитные свойства которой не высоки из-за слабого развития сердцевины волос, но их механическая прочность была отменной. Микроструктура волос гомотерия отличается в зависимости от расположения волос на его теле. Сравнение полученных данных со сведениями о шерсти котят пещерного и африканского львов показывает черты сходства и различия в микроструктуре волос у этих видов, чему дано функциональное объяснение.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mammoth fauna</kwd><kwd>saber-toothed cats</kwd><kwd>Homotherium</kwd><kwd>hairs</kwd><kwd>comparative analysis</kwd><kwd>adaptations</kwd><kwd>SEM</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мамонтовая фауна</kwd><kwd>саблезубые кошки</kwd><kwd>гомотерий</kwd><kwd>волосы</kwd><kwd>сравнительный анализ</kwd><kwd>адаптации</kwd><kwd>СЭМ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>24-27-20045</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta><fn-group><fn xml:lang="en"><p>Presented by Academician of the RAS V.V. Rozhnov</p></fn><fn xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлено академиком РАН В.В. Рожновым</p></fn></fn-group></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lopatin A.V., Sotnikova M.V., Klimovsky A.I., et al. Mummy of a juvenile sabre toothed cat Homotherium latidens from the Upper Pleistocene of Siberia // Scientific Reports. 2024. V. 14: 28016 1.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Chernova O.F. Comparative analysis of hair microstructure in the Cave lion (Panthera spelaea): A review // Earth History and Biodiversity. 2024. V. 2. № 100014.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Соколов В.Е. Кожный покров млекопитающих. М.: Наука, 1973. 487 с.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Соколов В.Е., Скурат Л.Н., Степанова Л.В., Шабадаш С.А. Руководство по изучению кожного покрова млекопитающих. 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