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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Doklady Biological Sciences</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Doklady Biological Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о жизни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-7389</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5057</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">684007</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2686738925020064</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Optimization of A549 cell transfection efficiency with a plasmid encoding the N-protein of the SARS-COV-2 virus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оптимизация эффективности трансфекции клеток А549 плазмидой, кодирующей N-белок вируса SARS-COV-2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khramtsov</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмцов</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alsobolev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lupanova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лупанова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alsobolev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rosenkranz</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розенкранц</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alsobolev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Georgiev</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Георгиев</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН</p></bio><email>alsobolev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobolev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Corresponding Member of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>alsobolev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Gene Biology, RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии гена Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>521</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>204</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-11"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-7389/article/view/684007">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-7389/article/view/684007</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To test new antiviral drugs aimed at degrading the nucleocapsid protein (N-protein) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it is desirable to have cells expressing the N-protein, for which it is necessary to find conditions for the maximum achievable efficiency of cell transfection with a plasmid encoding this protein. For transfection, polyplexes were used consisting of a plasmid encoding the N-protein fused with the mRuby3 fluorescent protein and polyethyleneimine (PEI)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-TAT peptide block copolymers. The dependence of the transfection efficiency of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells on the PEG/PEI and N/P ratios (the ratio of nitrogen in PEI to phosphate in DNA) was studied. Significant positive correlations were shown between transfection efficiency determined by flow cytometry, the N/P ratio, and the proportion of polyplexes sized 40–54 nm. The data obtained can serve as a basis for creating an animal model of lung cells transiently expressing the N protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Для тестирования новых противовирусных препаратов, направленных на деградацию нуклеокапсидного белка (N-белка) вируса SARS-CoV-2, желательно иметь клетки с экспрессией N-белка, для чего нужно найти условия для максимально достижимой эффективности трансфекции легочных клеток плазмидой, кодирующей этот белок. Для трансфекции использовали полиплексы, состоявшие из плазмиды, кодирующей N-белок, слитый с флуоресцентным белком mRuby3, и блок-сополимеров полиэтиленимин (ПЭИ)-полиэтиленгликоль (ПЭГ)-ТАТ пептид. Исследовали зависимость эффективности трансфекции клеток аденокарциномы легкого человека А549 от соотношений ПЭГ/ПЭИ и N/P (отношение азота в ПЭИ к фосфату в ДНК). Были показаны достоверные положительные корреляции между эффективностью трансфекции, определенной по данным проточной цитофлуориметрии, соотношением N/P и долей полиплексов, размером 40-54 нм. Полученные данные могут служить основой для создания животной модели, экспрессирующей N-белок вируса SARS-CoV-2 в легких.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyplexes</kwd><kwd>polyethyleneimine</kwd><kwd>nucleocapsid protein</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>dynamic light scattering</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиплексы</kwd><kwd>полиэтиленимин</kwd><kwd>нуклеокапсидный белок</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>проточная цитофлуориметрия</kwd><kwd>динамическое светорассеяние</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>24-14-00170</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Surjit M., Lal S. 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