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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврологический журнал имени Л.О. Бадаляна</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-8997</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">56932</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2686-8997-2020-1-4-208-216</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Neoplastic potential for malformations of the development of ecto- and mesodermal structures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неопластический потенциал при пороках развития экто- и мезодермальных структур</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-3600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsotsonava</surname><given-names>Zhuzhuna M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цоцонава</surname><given-names>Жужуна Мурмановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., Associate of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery with a course of postgraduate education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат мед. наук, доц. кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом последипломного образования</p></bio><email>tsotsonava02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belopasov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белопасов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tsotsonava02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>Natal’ya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tsotsonava02@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Tsotsonava Z.M., Belopasov V.V., Tkacheva N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Цоцонава Ж.М., Белопасов В.В., Ткачева Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsotsonava Z.M., Belopasov V.V., Tkacheva N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цоцонава Ж.М., Белопасов В.В., Ткачева Н.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2021-12-26"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-8997/article/view/56932">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-8997/article/view/56932</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Malformations of ecto- and mesodermal structures represent various forms of abnormality of intrauterine systemic and local morphogenesis, arising at different times of embryonic development due to environmental factors, genomic, chromosomal or gene mutations. Dysregulation of cellular functions due to mutations and accumulation of defective proteins initiates tumor transformation of tissues e.g. hereditary diseases of ectomesodermal origin — phakomatosis (hamartomatosis).</p> <p><bold>The aim of the study</bold> was to determine organ specificity, clinical manifestations, morphological features and the degree of progression of tumors of the nervous system and internal organs in hereditary diseases of ectomesodermal origin.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> 103 patients with hereditary phakomatosis were examined. All of them underwent a comprehensive clinical imaging examination, including magnetic resonance imaging, echocardioscopy, ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, kidneys, retroperitoneal space, and computed tomography of the abdominal cavity and lungs.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The reason for the treatment of patients was the occurrence of focal neurological symptoms, focal and/or generalized epileptic seizures. Clinical manifestations were determined by the form of the disease. The risk of the development and progression of various neoplasms is the highest in neurofibromatosis type I–II, tuberous sclerosis, neurocutaneous melanosis, multiple endocrine neoplasia, angiomatosis of Hippel–Lindau, Louis-Bar . Favorable benign and stable course, low malignant potential are distinguishing characteristics of pigment-vascular phakomatoses type I–V.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Knowledge of the clinical manifestations of various malformations of the skin, blood vessels, and the nervous system associated with tumor growth in cells and tissues is practically significant. Early diagnosis and the use of modern technologies of conservative and surgical treatment allow achieving a predictable result, prevent the development of severe complications, and significantly improve the quality of life of patients with this pathology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Пороки развития экто- и мезодермальных структур представляют собой разнообразные формы нарушения внутриутробного системного и локального морфогенеза, возникающие в различные сроки эмбрионального развития под влиянием факторов окружающей среды, геномных, хромосомных или генных мутаций. Разрегулирование клеточных функций вследствие мутаций и накопления дефектных белков инициирует опухолевую трансформацию тканей. Примером служат наследственные заболевания экто- и мезодермального происхождения — факоматозы (гамартоматозы).</p> <p><bold>Целью</bold> исследования<bold> </bold>явилось<bold> </bold>определение органоспецифичности, клинических проявлений, морфологических особенностей и степени прогрессии опухолей нервной системы и внутренних органов при наследственных заболеваниях экто- и мезодермального происхождения.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Обследовано 103 больных с наследственными факоматозами. Всем пациентам проводилось комплексное клинико-визуализационное обследование, в том числе магнитно-резонансная томография, эхокардиоскопия, ультразвуковое исследование органов брюшной полости, почек, забрюшинного пространства, компьютерная томография брюшной полости и легких.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Причиной обращения больных было возникновение очаговых неврологических симптомов, фокальных и/или генерализованных эпилептических приступов. Клинические проявления определялись формой заболевания. Риск развития и прогрессирования различных новообразований наиболее высок при нейрофиброматозе I и II типов, туберозном склерозе, нейрокожном меланозе, множественной эндокринной неоплазии, ангиоматозах Гиппеля–Линдау, Луи–Бара. Благоприятное доброкачественное и стабильное течение, низкий злокачественный потенциал — отличительные признаки пигментоваскулярных факоматозов I–V типов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Знание клинических проявлений различных пороков развития кожи, сосудов, нервной системы, ассоциированных с опухолевым ростом в клетках и тканях, практически значимо. Ранняя диагностика, использование современных технологий консервативного и хирургического лечения позволяют достичь прогнозируемого результата, предотвратить развитие тяжелых осложнений, существенно улучшить качество жизни больных с этой патологией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ectoderm</kwd><kwd>mesoderm</kwd><kwd>phakomatoses</kwd><kwd>tumors of the nervous system and internal organs</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эктодерма</kwd><kwd>экзодерма</kwd><kwd>факоматозы</kwd><kwd>опухоли нервной системы</kwd><kwd>опухоли внутренних органов</kwd><kwd>мезодерма</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skvortsov I.A. Neurology of Development: A Guide for Physicians [Nevrologiya razvitiya: Rukovodstvo dlya vrachey]. Moscow: Littera; 2008. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скворцов И.А. 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