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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврологический журнал имени Л.О. Бадаляна</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-8997</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">56934</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/2686-8997-2020-1-4-217-223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The use of shoe type «squeakers» in children with idiopathic transient toe walking</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение обуви типа «сквикеры» у детей с транзиторной идиопатической ходьбой на цыпочках</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-8485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kenis</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кенис</surname><given-names>Владимир Маркович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D., DSci., Deputy Director for development and foreign relations</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, зам. директора по развитию и внешним связям</p></bio><email>kenis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-3796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusainov</surname><given-names>Nikita O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хусаинов</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kenis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">G. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской травматологии и ортопедии им. Г.И. Турнера» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>217</fpage><lpage>223</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Kenis V.M., Khusainov N.O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Кенис В.М., Хусаинов Н.О.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kenis V.M., Khusainov N.O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кенис В.М., Хусаинов Н.О.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2021-12-26"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-8997/article/view/56934">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-8997/article/view/56934</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Transient toe walking is a common benign condition in young children. Nevertheless, it leads to parents’ concern and becomes a frequent reason for visits to orthopaedists.</p> <p><bold>Aim: </bold>a<bold> </bold>preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of «squeakers» shoes for optimizing of gait in children with transient idiopathic toe walking.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>A prospective study of 24 children (mean age: 21.4 months) which are under surveillance in outpatient clinics for toe walking as the main complaint. Children supplied free of charge with «squeakers» shoes. Parents filled questionnaires 1 month after the usage of these shoes.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>Positive changes in gait (normalization or improvements) were reported in the majority (22 from 24) children. More than half of parents noticed normal gait in regular shoes and one third — barefoot. No deterioration has been observed.</p> <p><bold>Discussion. </bold>We conducted a preliminary study assessing the effectiveness of modified shoes («squeakers») in children with transient idiopathic toe walking. Most of the parents reported improvements in walking. As a potential mechanism, we suggest positive biofeedback with the recruiting of the sensory (audial) pathway.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>Based on our study we can recommend «squeakers» for children with transient idiopathic toe walking demonstrating delayed spontaneous improvement.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Транзиторная ходьба на цыпочках — частое явление у детей младшего возраста, имеющее доброкачественный характер. Тем не менее родители детей обращаются к ортопедам с жалобами на постоянную или периодическую ходьбу на цыпочках.</p> <p><bold>Целью</bold> настоящего исследования была первичная оценка эффективности обуви типа «сквикеры» для оптимизации двигательной активности детей с транзиторной идиопатической ходьбой на цыпочках.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Нами проведено исследование серии случаев, включавшее 24 ребенка (средний возраст 21,4 мес), наблюдавшихся ортопедами в поликлиниках с жалобами на нарушение походки в виде ходьбы на цыпочках. Детям была бесплатно предоставлена обувь «сквикеры». Родителям было предложено заполнить анкеты по прошествии 1 месяца.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Родители 22 детей, носивших «сквикеры», отмечали улучшения: ребенок перестал или стал меньше ходить на цыпочках, более половины родителей отмечали нормализацию ходьбы в обычной обуви, а треть — босиком. Отрицательных эффектов не отмечено.</p> <p><bold>Обсуждение. </bold>Нами проведена оценка первичной эффективности модификации обуви («сквикеры») у детей с транзиторной идиопатической ходьбой на цыпочках. В качестве вероятного механизма, лежащего в основе эффекта «сквикеров», можно предположить формирование эффекта биологической обратной связи за счёт дополнительного рекрутирования слухового сенсорного анализатора.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> На основании проведённого исследования можно рекомендовать применение обуви типа «сквикеры» у детей с транзиторной идиопатической ходьбой на цыпочках, демонстрирующих отсутствие или незначительную спонтанную положительную динамику, в качестве средства закрепления физиологического двигательного стереотипа.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>transient toe walking</kwd><kwd>shoe modification</kwd><kwd>«squeakers»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>транзиторная ходьба на цыпочках</kwd><kwd>модификация обуви</kwd><kwd>«сквикеры»</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Staheli L.T. 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