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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Doklady Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Doklady Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклады Российской академии наук. Химия, науки о материалах</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-9535</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5111</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">683268</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2686953525010077</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">AVXQWD</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Impact resistance of epoxy composites of reduced flammability with organobentonite nanoparticles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ударопрочность эпоксидных композитов пониженной горючести с наночастицами органобентонита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yevtushenko</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евтушенко</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sh.toirov@ispm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Toirov</surname><given-names>S. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тоиров</surname><given-names>С. Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sh.toirov@ispm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александров</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sh.toirov@ispm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sh.toirov@ispm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт синтетических полимерных материалов им. Н.С. Ениколопова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>520</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-07"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-9535/article/view/683268">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-9535/article/view/683268</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>For the first time, the maximum synergistic effect of reducing the flammability of epoxy resin according to the oxygen index was established using a non-stoichiometric mixture of melamine and ammonium hydrophosphate. The synergetics of the mixture is due to the formation of heat-resistant ceramic-like structures as a result of thermal degradation of the components. In the present work, the effect of increasing the resistance up to (80 ± 10)% to impulse loads followed by rapid failure (mechanical or rheological explosion) was established for the first time for a polymer composite based on cured epoxy resin with 20% content of phosphorus-nitrogen-containing flame retardants (P,N-antipyrenes) due to the introduction of 0.5–1.5% organobentonite nanoparticles. It is also recorded that the electric current pulses arising from the ultrafast destruction of the “matrix” composite differ in frequency characteristics from the composite with the introduced nanoparticles of organobentonite. For a polymeric composite, one band of radio frequency radiation with a maximum at 2.4 MHz is fixed, and for a composite with introduced organobentonite nanoparticles, bands of radio frequency radiation with maxima at 2.4, 20.9 and 25.3 MHz. A probable mechanism of the observed effect is proposed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Впервые установлен максимальный синергетический эффект снижения горючести эпоксидной смолы по кислородному индексу с использованием нестехиометрической смеси меламина и гидрофосфата аммония. Синергетика смеси обусловлена образованием термостойких керамоподобных структур в результате термодеструкции компонентов. В настоящей работе впервые установлен эффект увеличения стойкости до (80 ± 10)% к импульсным нагрузкам с последующим быстрым разрушением (реологический взрыв) для полимерного композита на основе отвержденной эпоксидной смолы с 20%-м содержанием фосфор-азотсодержащих антипиренов (P,N-антипиренов) за счет введения 0.5–1.5% наночастиц органобентонита. Впервые зафиксировано, что импульсы электрического тока, возникающие при сверхбыстром разрушении композита без наночастиц органобентонита, отличаются по частотным характеристикам от композита с введенными наночастицами органобентонита. Для композита без наночастиц органобентонита фиксируется одна полоса радиочастотного излучения с максимумом при 2.4 МГц, а для композита с введенными наночастицами органобентонита – полосы радиочастотного излучения с максимумами при 2.4, 20.9 и 25.3 МГц. Предложен вероятный механизм наблюдаемого эффекта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>composite</kwd><kwd>polymer</kwd><kwd>mechanical</kwd><kwd>activation</kwd><kwd>frequency</kwd><kwd>current</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>композит</kwd><kwd>полимер</kwd><kwd>механическая</kwd><kwd>активация</kwd><kwd>частота</kwd><kwd>ток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-03-2024-411</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Zhi M., Yang X., Fan R., Yue S., Zheng L., Liu Q., He Y. // Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2022. 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