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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Doklady Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Doklady Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклады Российской академии наук. Химия, науки о материалах</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2686-9535</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5111</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">686882</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2686953525020017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">IOWTRQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transition Metal-Free Acetylene Chemistry: Trends and Rates of Development. A Review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Химия ацетилена без переходных металлов: тенденции и темпы развития. Обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Schmidt</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмидт</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>boris_trofimov@irioch.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН</p></bio><email>boris_trofimov@irioch.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутский институт химии им. А.Е. Фаворского Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>521</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-9535/article/view/686882">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2686-9535/article/view/686882</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Behind the modern snowballing growth of publications devoted to transition metal-catalyzed chemistry of acetylene, the works dealing with acid- and base-promoted acetylene reactions stand in the background, although acid-base catalysis, along with enzymatic one, hold a dominant place in living nature. It was acid-base catalysis that was historically first introduced into human practice, and then into research. Until now, the majority of practically important reactions involving acetylene (these are mainly Favorsky reactions: vinylation of alcohols, ethynylation of carbonyl compounds, prototropic isomerization of alkynes, rearrangement of α-haloketones) represent base-catalyzed processes. Over the last decades, transition metal-free acetylene chemistry was progressing owing to the employment of superbases and superacids for the activation of the triple carbon–carbon bond. In the present paper, using recent publications of the authors (2021), the advances in application of superbase media in the chemistry of alkynes are surveyed. Also, the usage of electron-deficient acetylenes as objects especially sensitive to the action of bases in the search for new preparative reactions with participation of the triple carbon–carbon bond is analyzed. A short period (one year) was chosen in order to clearly illustrate the dynamics and efficiency of research in this area.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На фоне современного лавинообразного потока исследований в области химии ацетилена, использующих в качестве катализаторов переходные металлы, работы по катализу реакций ацетилена кислотами и основаниями остаются в тени, хотя кислотно-основный катализ наряду с ферментативным занимает главенствующее положение в живой природе и исторически первым вошел в человеческую практику, а затем и в науку. До сих пор большинство практически значимых реакций ацетилена (а это, в основном, реакции Фаворского – винилирование спиртов, этинилирование карбонильных соединений, прототропная изомеризация алкинов, перегруппировка α-галогенкетонов) – это процессы, катализируемые основаниями. В последние десятилетия в области химии ацетилена, свободной от переходных металлов, наметился прогресс, связанный с привлечением для активации тройной углерод-углеродной связи супероснований и суперкислот. В настоящей статье на примере недавних публикаций авторов (в основном за 2021 г.) анализируются успехи использования суперосновных сред в химии алкинов, а также электронодефицитных ацетиленов как объектов, особо чувствительных к действию оснований, для поиска новых препаративных реакций с участием тройной углерод-углеродной связи. Короткий период (один год) выбран для того, чтобы наглядно проиллюстрировать динамику и результативность исследований в данной области. В этом году были получены принципиальные результаты, которые затем развивались в последующие годы. Он в известном смысле оказался наиболее урожайным и наиболее ярко характеризует темпы и тенденции развития химии ацетилена.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acetylenes</kwd><kwd>superbases</kwd><kwd>organic synthesis</kwd><kwd>heterocyclic compounds</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ацетилен</kwd><kwd>супероснования</kwd><kwd>органический синтез</kwd><kwd>гетероциклические соединения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dickstein J.I., Miller S.I. Ch. 19. Nucleophalic attacks on acetylenes. In: The chemistry of the carbon–carbon triple bond. Ch. 19. Patai S. (еd.). Wiley, Chichester, UK, 1978. P. 813–955. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470771570.ch8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Schmidt E.Yu., Semenova N.V., Ushakov I.A., Vashchenko A.V., Trofimov B.A. // Org. Lett. 2021. V. 23. 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