Sphere of cultureSphere of culture2713-301XSamara State Institute of Culture10904010.48164/2713-301X_2022_7_20Research ArticleOn museum ontology: history, memory, <i>zeitregime</i>GerasimovOleg V.<p>Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy and History of Science</p>oleggsmim@gmail.comSamara State University of Railways280620223120282806202228062022Copyright © 2022, Gerasimov O.V.2022<p>Museum as the phenomenon receives various views in todays scholarly literature; yet, no holistic philosophical concept of it has been developed so far. The present research deals with the issue of the foundations of museum as a social institution aiming to represent the past. Emergence and development of such an institution has become a result of the rise and fall of the time regime of modernity (<em>das Zeitregime der Moderne</em>). The following two types of museum are highlighted: (1) traditional museum and (2) memorial museum. The idea of traditional museum is, so to speak, the conserving oblivion, whereas the idea of memorial museum is a kind of retentive remembrance.</p>museummemorial museumrepresentation of the pasttime regime Zeitregimehistorical memorypublic historyhistorical politicsoblivionмузеймузей памятирепрезентация прошлоготемпоральный режимисторическая памятьпубличная историяисторическая политиказабвение[Bennett, T. (1995) The Birth of the Museum: History, Theory, Politics. London; New York: Routledge. (In English).][Franco, B. (1997) Public History and Memory: A Museum Perspective. The Public Historian, Vol. 19, No. 2 (Spring), 65-67. (In English).][Bonami, Z. (2018) Kak chitat’ i ponimat’ muzej. Filosofiya muzeya [How to Read and Understand Museums: the Museum Philosophy]. Moscow: AST. (In Russian).][Williams, P. (2007) Memorial Museums: The Global Rush to Commemorate Atrocities. Oxford; New York: Berg Publisher. (In English).][Lomako, О.М. (2020) Muzej kak ontologicheskaya granica sociokul’turnogo prostranstva [Museum as an Ontological Boundary of the Social and Cultural Realm]. Intellektual’noe izmerenie ontologii kul’tury [Intellectual Dimension of the Ontology of Culture]. Saratov: Saratovskij istochnik, 97-104. (In Russian).][Mastenica, Ye.N. (2011) Fenomen muzeya v filosofskom nasledii N.F. Fëdorova [Museum Phenomenon in N.F. Fedorov’s Philosophical Works]. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul’tury i iskusstv [Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts], 3, 137-142. (In Russian).][Assman, A. (2017) [Ist die Zeit aus den Fugen? Aufstieg und Fall des Zeitregimes der Moderne], Rus. transl. by B. Khlebnikov. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. (In Russian).][Yampol’skij, M.B. (2018) Bez budushhego. Kul’tura i vremya [With No Future. Culture and Time]. St. Petersburg: Poryadok slov. (In Russian).][Bacon, F. (1962) [New Atlantis: The Essays, or Counsels, Civil and Moral], Rus. transl. by Z.Ye. Aleksandrova. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russian).][Gerasimov, O.V. (2014) Nostal’giya i antropologicheskie osnovaniya istoricheskogo opyta [Nostalgia and the Anthropological Foundations of Historical Experience]. XXI vek: itogi proshlogo i problemy nastoyashhego plyus. Seriya: Social’no-gumanitarnye nauki [The 21st Century: The Results of the Past and the Problems of the Present Plus. Series: The Humanities], Vol. 1, No. 2, 115-119. (In Russian).][Zavadskij, A., Sklez, V., Suverina, K. (2019) Predislovie. Razum i chuvstva: publichnaya istoriya v muzee [Preface. Mind and Sense: Public History at Museums]. Politika affekta: muzej kak prostranstvo publichnoj istorii [The Policy of Affect: Museum as the Realm of Public History]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 7-48. (In Russian).][Lübbe, H. (2016) [Im Zug der Zeit: Verkürzter Aufenthalt in der Gegenwart], Rus. transl. by A. Grigor’yev and V. Kurennoy. Moscow: Izdatel’skij dom VSHE’. (In Russian).][Nietzsche, F. (1996) [Vom Nutzen und Nachtheil der Historie für das Leben], Rus. transl. by Ya. Berman. Sochineniya [Works]. Vol. 1. Moscow: Mysl’, 158-230. (In Russian).][Assman, A. (2019) [Formen des Vergessens], Rus. transl. by B. Khlebnikov. Zabvenie istorii – oderzhimost’ istoriej. Rabota s nemeckim proshlym posle 1945 goda [Geschichtsvergessenheit – Geschichtsversessenheit. Vom Umgang mit deutschen Vergangenheiten nach 1945]. Moscow: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 28-59. (In Russian).][Heidegger, M. (1978) The Concept of Time in the Science of History. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, Vol. 9, No. 1, 3-10. (In English).][Fëdorov, N.F. (1982) Muzej, ego smysl i naznachenie [Museum, Its Meaning and Purpose]. Sochineniya [Works]. Moscow: Mysl’, 575-604. (In Russian).]