World of petroleum products

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of modern technologies for the purification of associated petroleum gas from hydrogen sulfide, including chemisorption, adsorption, and catalytic methods. Special attention is paid to advanced developments in the field of catalytic decomposition of H₂S using organic iron-containing catalysts. The results of experimental studies on the efficiency of a catalytic system based on a complex of aminoacetic acid and iron salts are presented, demonstrating a purification degree of up to 99% at an H₂S concentration of 0.5–5 vol.%. The developed method is characterized by reduced energy consumption, minimal generation of secondary waste, and the possibility of modular implementation. A comparison with traditional purification technologies is provided, highlighting the key advantages and prospects for industrial implementation of the proposed solution.

The results of the study of the effect of paraffin emulsions on the properties of particle boards (PB) are presented. It is shown that when introducing a paraffin emulsion prepared on the basis of dewaxing residue, in an amount of 0.6% of the mass of absolutely dry wood chips, a significant decrease in water absorption and swelling of the PB is observed with the greatest effect in the first 48 hours. It is established that the use of paraffin emulsions as a hydrophobic agent does not lead to a significant decrease in the strength characteristics of the PB.

The reaction of obtaining allyl norbornyl carboxylate based on a by-product of the pyrolysis process — dicyclopentadiene — was studied. By means of the Diels—Alder reaction — [4+2]-cycloaddition of allyl acrylate to cyclopentadiene formed during the decomposition of dicyclopentadiene — the reactive monomer allyl bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate was synthesized. The influence of various factors on the yield of the target product was studied and optimal conditions for the synthesis of allyl norbornyl carboxylate were found, under which the yield was 80%. The physicochemical properties of allyl norbornyl carboxylate has been studied, the structure of which was determined by IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR methods of analysis.

The features of polymer adsorption on metal surfaces are examined using polyisobutylenes of various molecular weights as examples. It is shown that the surface activity of polymers at the oil-steel interface increases with decreasing molecular weight and increasing flexibility of macromolecules. The formation of electronegative adsorption layers regardless of molecular weight is established using the contact potential difference method.

The detergent properties of alkyl sulfonates in hydro-isomerized oils (VHVI-4 and VHVI-6) were evaluated using the method of high-temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO) in terms of the ”actual detergent efficiency”. The values of this indicator have been established for detergents with different alkalinity. It was found that highly alkaline alkyl sulfonates in VHVI-6 oil have the greatest detergent effect.