Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâGeomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâГеоморфология и палеогеография2949-17892949-1797The Russian Academy of Sciences66072610.31857/S2949178924030093PLESSILate Glacial and Holocene PalaeogeographyПалеогеография позднеледниковья и голоценаResearch ArticleNew data about Late Glacial diatoms in Southeastern BalticНовые данные о позднеледниковых диатомовых ассоциациях юго-восточной ПрибалтикиRudinskayaА. I.РудинскаяА. И.
Russian Federation
rudinskaya94@gmail.comDruzhininaО. А.ДружининаО. А.
Russian Federation
rudinskaya94@gmail.comFilippovaК. G.ФилипповаК. Г.
Russian Federation
rudinskaya94@gmail.comLazukovaL. I.ЛазуковаЛ. И.
Russian Federation
rudinskaya94@gmail.comInstitute of Geography of the RASИнститут географии РАНHerzen State Pedagogical University of RussiaРоссийский государственный педагогический университет имени А.И. ГерценаShirshov Institute of Oceanology of the RASИнститут океанологии имени П.П. Ширшова1510202455316418222022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/660726

The sediments of shallow basins formed along the coast of the Baltic Ice Lake about 14 500-14 000 cal BP provide a valuable data to reconstruct environmental changes in the Bølling-Allerød Interstadial. Radiocarbon dating and complex lithological and diatom analyzes were performed for the deposits of one of these paleoreservoirs exposed in the Kulikovo section (northern part of the Sambian Peninsula). As a result of studying the deposits aged 14 000 – 13 400 cal BP the total of number of 117 diatom species were identified, oligohalobic indifferent eutrophic benthic species predominated. The most typical species are Pseudostaurosira brevistriata, Staurosirella ovata, Gyrosigma attenuatum, G. acuminatum, Amphora affinis, Epithemia adnata. The obtained data on diatom communities were compared with existing ideas about the Late Glacial diatom flora for this region. This comparison made it possible not only to reconstruct the changes in the ecological conditions of the studied paleoreservoir, but also to identify general and local patterns of diatom communities formed at that time. Thus, in most paleoreservoirs pioneer cosmopolitic epiphytic diatoms of the Fragilariaceae dominate in the Allerød sediments. This indicates fairly calm hydrodynamic conditions. At the same time, in deep paleoreservoirs, despite the Allerød warming, oligotrophic planktonic species dominate in diatom communities and in some sedimentary archives, benthic diatoms capable of living in running water (Gyrosigma spp.) become significant or predominating species.

Отложения мелководных бассейнов, сформировавшихся на суше вдоль побережья Балтийского ледникового озера около 14500–14000 кал. л. н., служат ценным источником информации для реконструкции изменений природной среды в бёллинг-аллерёдском интерстадиале. Для отложений одного из таких палеоводоемов, вскрытых в разрезе Куликово (северная часть Самбийского (Калининградского) п-ова), было выполнено радиоуглеродное датирование, комплексный литологический и диатомовый анализы. В результате изучения отложений, охватывающих временной интервал 14000–13400 кал. л. н., выделены в общей сложности 117 видов диатомей, среди которых преобладают бентосные виды и обрастатели, относящиеся к группе олигогалобных индифферентов. Наиболее типичные представители – виды Pseudostaurosira brevistriata, Staurosirella ovata, Gyrosigma attenuatum, G. acumunatum, Amphora affinis, Epithemia adnata. Полученные данные о диатомовых комплексах были сопоставлены с существующими представлениями о диатомовой флоре позднеледниковья для этого региона, что позволило не только реконструировать этапы смены экологических условий изучаемого палеоводоема, но и выявить общие и локальные закономерности формировавшихся в это время диатомовых сообществ. Так, в большей части палеоводоемов в отложениях аллерёда значимо преобладают пионерные обрастатели-космополиты семейства Fragilariaceae, что указывает на достаточно спокойные гидродинамические условия. При этом в глубоких палеоводоемах, несмотря на некоторое смягчение климатических условий в аллерёде, в диатомовых комплексах доминируют олиготрофные планктонные виды, а в некоторых седиментационных архивах значимыми или ведущими видами становятся бентические диатомеи, способные обитать в проточной воде (Gyrosigma spp.).

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