Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâGeomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâГеоморфология и палеогеография2949-17892949-1797The Russian Academy of Sciences66072710.31857/S2949178923040175GLJFRDPaleolimnological research in Russia: from Kaliningrad to KamchatkaПалеолимнологические исследования в России: от Калининграда до КамчаткиUnknownGeomorphological Processes in the Central Kamchatka Depression (the Kamchatka Peninsula, Ne Pacific) During the Last 30 KaГеоморфологические процессы в центральной камчатской депрессии (п-ов Камчатка, Северо-Западная Пацифика) в последние 30 тыс. Лет1ZeleninE. A.ЗеленинЕ. А.egor.zelenin@ginras.ruGurinovA. L.ГуриновА. Л.egor.zelenin@ginras.ruZakharovA. L.ЗахаровА. Л.egor.zelenin@ginras.ruPonomarevaV. V.ПономареваВ. В.egor.zelenin@ginras.ruGaripovaS. T.ГариповаС. Т.egor.zelenin@ginras.ruGeological Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesГеологический институт РАНInstitute of Geography, Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут географии РАНInstitute of Volcanology and SeismologyНациональный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”National Research University Higher School of EconomicsРоссийский университет дружбы народовInstitute of Volcanology and SeismologyИнститут вулканологии и сейсмологии ДВО РАН0110202354422623722022025Copyright ©; 2023, E.A. Zelenin, A.L. Gurinov, A.L. Zakharov, V.V. Ponomareva, S.T. GaripovaCopyright ©; 2023, E.A. Zelenin, A.L. Gurinov, A.L. Zakharov, V.V. Ponomareva, S.T. Garipova2023E.A. Zelenin, A.L. Gurinov, A.L. Zakharov, V.V. Ponomareva, S.T. GaripovaE.A. Zelenin, A.L. Gurinov, A.L. Zakharov, V.V. Ponomareva, S.T. Garipovahttps://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/660727

The paper presents a reconstruction of geomorphological processes in the Central Kamchatka Depression (CKD) since 30 ka, including the global LGM time. Major geomorphological processes of this period included the evolution of volcanic edifices accompanied by steady tectonic submergence. Glaciers that originated from volcanic edifices were greatly affected by both climatic forcing and the eruptive history of their host volcanoes.

The most prominent geomorphological feature of the studied time was a giant paleolake filled the CKD. The reassessed extent and timing of glaciation and volcanism provided the possible lake fill and discharge model due to the evolution of a piedmont glacier originating from the Old Shiveluch Volcano edifice. The lake discharge likely was gradual and started some 19 ka during the cold settings of LGM, and therefore did not have a climatic origin. The most possible trigger of the discharge is the change in ice supply from the highly active Shiveluch Volcano due to large sector collapses. During the Holocene, the ongoing tectonic submergence of the CKD have been preventing the complete drainage of this paleolake. Even now, an enormously wide floodplain of the Kamchatka River hosts a lacustrine system with a total area of water surface comparable to the largest lakes of the peninsula.

В статье представлена реконструкция геоморфологических процессов в Центральной Камчатской депрессии (ЦКД) в последние 30 тыс. лет, включая максимум последнего оледенения. В исследуемый период наиболее масштабными геоморфологическими процессами были рост и эволюция вулканических построек на фоне постоянного тектонического опускания ЦКД. Развитие ледников, спускавшихся с активных вулканов, зависело не только от общих климатических факторов, но и от истории извержений этих вулканов.

Наиболее заметной геоморфологической особенностью изучаемого времени являются формирование и спуск гигантского ледниково-подпрудного палеоозера. Накопленные данные о хронологии оледенений и вулканизма позволили предложить модель спуска палеоозера при постепенной деградации ледника, спускавшегося с вулкана Шивелуч. Спуск озера начался около 19 тыс. л. н., во время оледенения, и по всей видимости был связан не с климатическими факторами, а с секторными обрушениями, уменьшавшими ледоем вулкана Шивелуч. Продолжающееся тектоническое опускание ЦКД препятствовало полному осушению этого палеоозера. Даже сейчас на аномально широкой пойме реки Камчатка располагается система озер, сопоставимая по площади с крупнейшими озерами полуострова.

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