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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâ</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геоморфология и палеогеография</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2949-1789</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">682348</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2949178924040107</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FFOAEY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HOLOCENE PALAEOGEOGRAPHY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПАЛЕОГЕОГРАФИЯ ГОЛОЦЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The vegetation cover response in the eastern Sayan foothills to the Holocene climate extremes (the Bolshoye peat bog case study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Отклик растительного покрова в предгорье восточного Саяна на голоценовые экстремумы климата (по данным изучения болота Большого)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grenaderova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гренадерова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>grenaderova-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>grenaderova-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курьина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>grenaderova-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Podobueva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подобуева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>grenaderova-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian Federal University, Institute of Ecology and Geography</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский федеральный университет, Институт экологии и географии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт мониторинга климатических и экологических систем СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>55</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>157</fpage><lpage>176</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-03"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-03-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/682348">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/682348</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Article provides the results of palaeoecological reconstruction of vegetation cover changes and climatic conditions at the foot of the Eastern Sayan northwestern macroslope over the past 6600 years. The results are based on radiocarbon AMS dating, pollen, macrofossils, NPP, macrocharcoal and testate amoebae analyses of peat deposits from Bolshoe bog situated on the Yenisei River right bank. It was established that the waterlogging process was initiated by the pyrogenic factor. During the last approximately 6000 cal. a BP dark coniferous forests with a dominant position of <italic>Pinus</italic><italic> </italic><italic>sibirica</italic> were common in the foothills. The change in climatic conditions towards decreased moisture availability 4050–3600 cal. a BP contributed to the lower border of dark conifers rise and the strengthening of forest-steppe communities with <italic>Betula</italic> sect.<italic> </italic><italic>Albae</italic>. This period is characterized by the most dramatic transformations. Less prolonged periods of forest lightening occurred in 3170–3080, 1850–1720, 490–400 and 310–220 cal. a BP, when the taiga and cold deciduous forest biomes were of almost equal importance. The most significant expansion of the dark conifers range began 1600 cal. a BP and reached a maximum 1350–1230 cal. a BP, which can be correlated with Dark Ages Cold Period. Based on the macrocharcoal analysis results six stages of increased fire activity were identified: 6500–6300, 4300–3600 (includes 4 fire episodes, characterized by the shortest fire intervals), 3400–2800, 1800–1550, 1200–1000, and from 150 cal. a BP to present. Based on a multy-proxy analysis, periods of increased moisture were established: 6300–5320, 4700–4200, 3080–2900, 2820–2390, 1720–1230, 400–310 and 130–70 cal. a BP. The decreased moisture was characteristic of the intervals 5320–4960, 4050–3600, 2390–2220, 1000–700 cal. a BP.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приводятся результаты палеоэкологической реконструкции для подножья северо-западного макросклона Восточного Саяна за последние 6600 лет, полученные на основе радиоуглеродного AMS- датирования, спорово-пыльцевого, ботанического, палеоантракологического и ризоподного анализа торфяных отложений болота Большое на правобережье р. Енисей. Установлено что, процесс заболачивания был инициирован пирогенным фактором в термический оптимум голоцена. Последние примерно 6000 календарных лет в предгорье распространены темнохвойные леса с доминирующим положением <italic>Pinus</italic><italic> </italic><italic>sibirica</italic><italic>. </italic>Изменение климатических условий в сторону снижения влагообеспеченности 4050–3600 календарных лет назад (кал. л. н.) способствовало подъему нижней границы темнохвойных лесов, и усилению лесостепных сообществ с <italic>Betula</italic><italic> </italic>sect.<italic> </italic><italic>Albae</italic>. Это время отличается наиболее сильными преобразованиями и усилением пожаров. Менее продолжительные периоды осветления лесов пришлись на 3170–3080, 1850–1720, 490–400 и 310–220 кал. л. н. Наиболее<bold> з</bold>начительное расширение ареала темнохвойных пород началось 1600 кал. л. н. и достигло максимума 1350–1230 кал. л. н., что можно соотнести с откликом на Похолодание темных веков. По результатам палеоантракологического анализа выделено шесть этапов усиления пожарной активности: 6500–6300 кал. л. н., 4300–3600 (включает 4 пожарных эпизода, отличается наименьшими межпожарными интервалами), 3400–2800, 1800–1550, 1200–1000, 150 кал. л. н. – по настоящее время. На основе комплексного анализа установлены периоды увеличения увлажнения: 6300–5320, 4700–4200, 3080–2900, 2820–2390, 1720–1230, 400–310 и 130–70 кал. л. н.<bold> </bold>Снижение увлажнения характерно для интервалов 5320–4960, 4050–3600, 2390–2220, 1000–700 кал. л. н.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Yenisei River basin</kwd><kwd>peat bog</kwd><kwd>pollen</kwd><kwd>biomes</kwd><kwd>macrocharcoal</kwd><kwd>testate amoebae</kwd><kwd>reconstruction of environmental conditions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бассейн Енисея</kwd><kwd>торфяник</kwd><kwd>пыльца</kwd><kwd>биомы</kwd><kwd>макроуголь</kwd><kwd>раковинные амебы</kwd><kwd>реконструкция природных условий</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд (проект)</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation (project)</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-27-00341</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amesbury M.J., Mallon G., Charman D.J. et al. 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